Association of perceived stigma and mood and anxiety disorders: results from the World Mental Health Surveys (original) (raw)
Related papers
Relationship Between Perceived Stigma and Depression Severity
Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 2004
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between perceived stigma and being in treatment for depression and current depression severity. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of depressed subjects from a Veterans Administration outpatient mental health clinic (N ϭ 54) and neverdepressed subjects from a Veterans Administration primary care clinic (N ϭ 50). Depression severity was measured using the 9-item Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders depression measure. Stigma was measured using the 5-item Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help modified for depression treatment. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlation and multivariate regression. In the correlation analysis, being in treatment for depression compared with never experiencing depression was associated with significantly higher levels of perceived stigma (p Ͻ .001). In separate multivariate models controlling for significant univariate correlates, greater depression severity (p Ͻ .001) and meeting criteria for current major depression (p Ͻ .001) were significant predictors of perceived stigma. Greater depression severity appears to be a strong predictor of perceived stigma.
Stigma and health, 2021
There is evidence that internalized stigma significantly impacts the lives of depressed people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA). Nevertheless, there is paucity of data on the extent, domains and demographic correlates of internalized stigma among PLWHA; hence the need for this study. This was a hospital based, cross sectional, descriptive study of one hundred and seventy depressed PLWHA. The PHQ-9 was used to screen for depression. The severity of the depression was classified as minimal, mild, moderate and severe. The three keys of social determinants of depression (SDS) were assessed and the association with stigma sought. A modified version of stigma of mental illness scale (ISMI) was used as a measure of their self stigma. The prevalence of depressive disorders was 57%. The spectrum of stigmatization was as follows, 103 (60.6%), minimal, 33 (19.4%), mildly, 19 (11.2%), moderately and 15 (8.8%) severely stigmatized. There was a strong association between stigma and age group, educational level, monthly income, stressful life events as well as social cohesion. Self-stigma is a common phenomenon in depressed PLWHA. It is not possible to manage PLWHA without considering the highly stigmatizing context in which they are embedded. Moreover, due to the high burden of depressive disorders and its association with AIDS related stigma, routine screening of PLWHA for both conditions is recommended.
Social Science & Medicine, 2010
There is evidence that internalized stigma significantly impacts the lives of depressed people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA). Nevertheless, there is paucity of data on the extent, domains and demographic correlates of internalized stigma among PLWHA; hence the need for this study. This was a hospital based, cross sectional, descriptive study of one hundred and seventy depressed PLWHA. The PHQ-9 was used to screen for depression. The severity of the depression was classified as minimal, mild, moderate and severe. The three keys of social determinants of depression (SDS) were assessed and the association with stigma sought. A modified version of stigma of mental illness scale (ISMI) was used as a measure of their self stigma. The prevalence of depressive disorders was 57%. The spectrum of stigmatization was as follows, 103 (60.6%), minimal, 33 (19.4%), mildly, 19 (11.2%), moderately and 15 (8.8%) severely stigmatized. There was a strong association between stigma and age group, educational level, monthly income, stressful life events as well as social cohesion. Self-stigma is a common phenomenon in depressed PLWHA. It is not possible to manage PLWHA without considering the highly stigmatizing context in which they are embedded. Moreover, due to the high burden of depressive disorders and its association with AIDS related stigma, routine screening of PLWHA for both conditions is recommended.
Stigma and Quality of Life among People Diagnosed with Mental Disorders: a Narrative Review
Consortium Psychiatricum
INTRODUCTION: The anti-psychiatric movements that emerged in the early 1960s led to the appearance of stigma in psychiatry. The misunderstanding of the concept of mental disorder, the negative way in which associated hospitalization was perceived, the inclination to treat patients through psychological therapies, and the criticism of pharmacological treatment led to the discrediting of psychiatry. AIM: The current paper aims to review the available literature regarding the impact of stigma on the quality of life of people diagnosed with mental disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A narrative review of relevant literature published between 1999 and 2021 was conducted. The authors analysed studies found on PubMed and the Web of Science electronic databases. The search terms combined two overlapping areas with keywords such as "stigma" and "mental disorders". A descriptive analysis was employed to synthesize the obtained data. RESULTS: Stigma continues to be an importan...
Socio-Demographic Correlates of Stigma Attached to Mental Illness
JLUMHS, 2008
OBJECTIVE: To identify socio-demographic correlates of stigma attached to psychiatric illnesses METHOD: This is a retrospective study. Data of the patients who had attended psychiatry department; either as a referral or direct consultation; and as in-patient or outpatient; at Isra University Hospital at Hyderabad during the years 2001 to 2004, were reviewed and presence or absence of stigma feelings were compared to their socio-demographic backgrounds. Demographic characteristics of a total of 1208 patients with different psychiatric illnesses were recorded. Data obtained, was subjected to analysis using SPSS 13 th version. RESULTS: Feelings of stigma was present in forty seven percent of the studied population. Males had slightly more feelings of stigma. People from urban areas were also carrying more feelings of stigma but it was statistically insignificant. Apart from people with no formal education who had maximum stigma feelings; education level was found to increase such feelings, in the population studied. CONCLUSION: In our studied population, feeling of stigma seems to prevail in every demographic class; this is specially so among neurotics, male gender, urban patients. Level of education has interesting relation with the feeling of Stigma, which is found to increase with level of education.
2021
The aim of this study was to explore the role of stigma in different diagnoses of mental illness. A cross-sectional study (N = 255) was developed in two groups: users of a rehabilitation network for people with severe mental illness (Group-I) and people with common diagnoses in an ambulatory psychiatric service (Group-II). Internalized stigma, social stigma, self-esteem, and sociodemographic variables were measured. Mean comparisons, ANOVAs, and independent linear regression models were carried out. Similar overall scores were obtained for the internalized stigma, but Group-I reported more discrimination and resistance to stigma and also had less social stigma. The regression model for Group-I revealed social stigma and self-esteem as predictors, while in Group-II only self-esteem was significant. The study reveals differences in internalized stigma according to the care resource and diagnoses, suggesting different intervention lines and underlining the importance of further researc...