Play the Game - Artificial intelligence in sport can potentially undermine athlete rights (original) (raw)

An Assessment Over the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Sports Activities and the Sports Industry

2023

To determine various methods of artificial intelligence (AI) that have been developed, often based on an past sporting events, to generate well-formulated training plans, game strategies automatically, and score feedbacks; To develop proposals for strategies, policies and programs applicable by Türkiye dynamics. Method: Literature review, internet search for tools and programs available in the market and descriptive and content analysis techniques are used. Results: AI is a comprehensive, piercing, and cutting-edge discipline that is constantly evolving as an important area of research embedded in all fields of science, sport management information systems (S-MIS), computing, and technology. Sports is an excellent field to apply AI design approaches where AI is used as a helpful tool in predicting and determining human endeavors. Numerous studies in the literature have described the impact of AI on players and potential future players, fans, media, player training, development, scouting, recruitment, and the entire sports community related to sports. AI methods for the strategic management of athletes and sports organizations have matured by automatically generating sports plans, results, scores, and predictions in individual sports disciplines. Conclusion: With a view to the future of the relationship between athletes, sports economics, rules, and athletes, this research helps identify existent and prospective most effective application areas of AI with the help of main findings and recommendations in the literature. Suggestions have been developed for strategies, policies and programs that can be supported and implemented in Turkish conditions.

Machine intelligence sports as research programs

Games and competitions have played a significant role throughout the history of artificial intelligence and robotics. Machine intelligence games are examined here from a distinctive methodological perspective, focusing on their use as generators of multidisciplinary research programs. In particular, Robocup is analyzed as an exemplary case of contemporary research program developing from machine intelligence games. These research programs arising are schematized in terms of framework building, subgoaling, and outcome appraisal processes. The latter process is found to involve a rather intricate system of rewards and penalties, which take into account the double allegiance of participating scientists, trading and sharing interchanges taking place in a multidisciplinary research environment, in addition to expected industrial payoffs and a variety of other fringe research benefits in the way of research outreach and results dissemination, recruitment of junior researchers and students enrollment.

Disruptive Technologies and the Sport Ecosystem: A Few Ethical Questions

Philosophies

The paper addresses the impact of disruptive technologies on the sport ecosystem, represented by four constitutive elements: athletes, coaches, judges, and fans. In particular, the paper argues that to understand the changes introduced by Artificial Intelligence, biotechnologies, and other disruptive technologies, we have to look at this sport ecosystem as a whole and ask ethical questions related to how each of these elements—and not just the athlete—is affected by them. The paper discusses some of the real-life applications of disruptive technologies that are being currently introduced within different sports and works out their most critical aspects both in terms of positive and negative impact on the sport ecosystem as we know it.

From doping to Cyborgs. The challenges of modern sport to Ethics

In this book, my aim is to offer an overview of the diverse areas of ethical reflection regarding sport that have developed over the course of recent decades. I am aware that this approach is not exhaustive (for example, I will not analyse the relation between sport and animals, sport and disabilities or matters of meta-ethical character), nor do I intend to offer a static picture of a changing phenomenon. Thus, the objective will be to offer a synthesis of the main ethics-related topics that are found in sport: values (fair play), doping, sport and violence, sport and matters of sex, and sport and nationalism. Lastly, I will present the main moral challenges that arise in sport through the latest technological developments: gene doping, cyborgs and the possibility of creating transgenic athletes (hybrids and chimeras). But before analysing these matters, some conceptual notes are necessary about the phenomenon of sport. This is needed due to the fact that a large part of the philosophical discussion concerning sport has specifically revolved around definitions. In other words, it is important to note the features that distinguish sport from other similar activities: 1) the distinction between play and sport; 2) the role of rules and values in the rule system of sport; and 3) the competitive and recreational nature of sport.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Sport Research: An Introduction for Non-data Scientists

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 2021

In the last two decades, artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the way in which we consume and analyse sports. The role of AI in improving decision-making and forecasting in sports, amongst many other advantages, is rapidly expanding and gaining more attention in both the academic sector and the industry. Nonetheless, for many sports audiences, professionals and policy makers, who are not particularly au courant or experts in AI, the connexion between artificial intelligence and sports remains fuzzy. Likewise, for many, the motivations for adopting a machine learning (ML) paradigm in sports analytics are still either faint or unclear. In this perspective paper, we present a high-level, non-technical, overview of the machine learning paradigm that motivates its potential for enhancing sports (performance and business) analytics. We provide a summary of some relevant research literature on the areas in which artificial intelligence and machine learning have been applied to the ...

Conceptual structure and current trends in Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning research in sports: A bibliometric review

Artificial intelligence and its subcategories of machine learning and deep learning are gaining increasing importance and attention in the context of sports research. This has also meant that the number of corresponding publications has become complex and unmanageably large in human terms. In the current state of the research field, there is a lack of bibliometric analysis, which would prove useful for obtaining insights into the large amounts of available literature. Therefore, the present work aims to identify important research issues, elucidate the conceptual structure of the research field, and unpack the evolutionary trends and the direction of hot topics regarding key themes in the research field of artificial intelligence in sports. Using the Scopus database, 1215 documents (reviews and articles) were selected. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer and bibliometrix R package. The main findings are as follows: (a) the literature and research interest concerning ...

Bioethics of Sport - The Look Toward the Future of Sport

Pannoniana. Journal for Humanities, 2020

The author approaches the bioethics of sport as crucial in considering the future of today's sport. Within the bioethics of sport, the youngest sub-discipline of the philosophy of sport (McNamee and Morgan, 2015), the author notices and distinguishes two fundamental viewpoints that differ in the understanding of bio in the notion of bioethics. Thus, on the one hand, bio is understood as biotechnology and bio-medicine and includes a discussion of the problems within such areas in sport. On the other hand, bio is understood as life or bios, which includes a wide range of additional sport-related issues. Furthermore, the author considers the bioethics of sport as the most discussed and most vibrant branch of sports philosophy and as crucial for today's (professional) sports and its future. Namely, within the area, the most complex problems and cases in sport were discussed and/or resolved, such as those of O. Pistorious, M. Rehm, and C. Semenye, including the recent pandemic caused by the COVID-19. In this sense, the author brings ten anticipated scenarios for the future development of modern sports, based on previous sports-bioethical considerations, research, and insights.