UDC 575:633.16 DOI: 10.2298/GENSR1301167S Original scientific paper MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.) ACCESSIONS OF THE SERBIAN GENEBANK BY SSR FINGERPRINTING (original) (raw)
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Determination of genetic diversity and population structure of breeding material is an important prerequisite for discovering novel and valuable alleles aimed at crop improvement. This study’s main objective was to characterize genetic diversity and population structure of a collection representing a 40-year long historical period of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding, using microsatellites, pedigree, and phenotypic data. The set of 90 barley genotypes was phenotyped during three growing seasons and genotyped with 338 polymorphic alleles. The indicators of genetic diversity showed differentiation changes throughout the breeding periods. The population structure discriminated the breeding material into three distinctive groups. The principal coordinate analysis grouped the genotypes according to their growth habit and row type. An analysis of phenotypic variance (ANOVA) showed that almost all investigated traits varied significantly between row types, seasons, and breeding periods....
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2021
To assessment molecular and phenotypic diversity for ten barley lines belong to Hordeum vulgare L., ten SCoT primers were used and 12 morphological traits were estimated in two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020). The SCoT primers succeeded in generating reproducible and reliable amplicons. SCoT technique showed that 66.67 % to 100% of polymorphism. The resolving power (Rp) value varied from 4 to 11.40. In addition, the 10 lines were characterized by 41 unique markers (22 positive and 19 negative). B 6 had the highest numbers of positive markers (six). According to phenotypic evaluation, the mean squares for genotypes were highly significant for all studied traits from combined data over two seasons. The heritability values in broad sense (h 2 b %) ranged from 40.63 (100-grain weight) to 99.22 (Days to heading). The P 7 gave desired value in four traits (NT/P, NS/P, NG/S and GY/P g) and the other lines showed desired value in one or two trait, thus all traits which detected in the ten lines might be associated with all unique markers distinguished in this study. The inbred line P 6 showed the highest number of unique markers (6 positive), one or some of which may be linked with grain filling period (GFP day) trait that showed in line desirable value. Consequently, these markers may be used as selectable markers for genetic improvement of these traits in barley.
Genetic diversity among elite Bulgarian barley varieties evaluated by RFLP and RAPD markers
2003
Genetic variation among five elite winter barley cultivars (H. vulgare L.) currently grown in Bulgaria was assessed at the molecular level using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The present study sampled RFLPs in four well characterized multigene families in barley: the seed storage protein loci; the 18S, 5.8S and 26S ribosomal DNA loci; the loci coding for 5S ribosomal RNA and the loci coding subunit α of ATP-A complex in the mitochondrial genome. RFLPs were detected in three out of five investigated chromosomal loci in the barley cultivars studied. RAPD assay using arbitrary 10-base primers was applied to generate amplified length polymorphic markers in barley. Overall a total of 15 polymorphic phenotypes were found among the studied barley cultivars by using 11 out of 25 tested primers. All RAPDs were considered as dominant genetic markers except for two, where PCR and Southern blot analysis indicated the presence of codominant amplification products. Five RAPD polymorphisms in F 1 and F 2 progenies of the cross between Alpha and Obzor were inherited in Mendelian fashion. The determined values for the genetic variation proved a high genetic similarity among the tested cultivars. Genetic similarity (GS) calculated from RFLP and RAPD data ranged from 0.888 to 0.997 with a mean GS-0.933.
Agro-morphological and molecular characterization of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Genetic diversity among twenty eight elite barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydevpur, Bangladesh was assessed using agro-morphological characters and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Significant variation was observed among all the genotypes for the characters viz. days to heading (DH), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), number of tillers per plant (NTP), length of seed (LSD), breadth of seed (BSD), length of spike (LSP), number of grains per spike (NGS), 1000-seed weight (TSW), yield per plant (YPL), yield per plot (YPT) and yield per ha (YH) studied. High genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for NTP followed by NGS, YPL and YH. High heritability with medium genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for PH, LSD, BSD, LSP and YPL. Path co-efficient analysis showed that YPT, DH and YPL had more contribution on YH in positive direction as compare to other characters. The ...
South African Journal of Botany, 2007
Genetic relationships between 38 barley genotypes were determined with the aid of 36 RAPD, 54 STS and 26 SSR markers. The dendrogram groups showed high coincidence with growth habit and ear type. There were significant correlations between the Jaccard coefficients obtained using the matrices of each single marker type and their combined matrix. When the varieties were grouped using markers with above-average Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values, the same groups were obtained as when using all markers, outlining their usefulness for estimating diversity between the varieties. Three RAPD or four SSR primers were sufficient to distinguish all the barley varieties from each other. The applicability of the various types of primers differed. The STS markers could best be used for estimating relationships between the varieties and the SSR markers for distinguishing genotypes from each other, while RAPD markers could be employed both for estimating the relationships between varieties and for variety identification.
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2015
Wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum is the progenitor of cultivated barley. The center of diversity is in the Fertile Crescent in the Near East, where wild barley grows under a wide range of environmental and climatic conditions. Jordan wild barley is expected to harbor important genes that could be used for the improvement of the cultivated varieties especially in their tolerance to drought. To assess genetic diversity and allelic variation of Jordanian wild barley, 103 wild barley genotypes collected from different parts of Jordan along with 29 cultivated barley genotypes were analyzed for diversity by means of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). The spontaneum genotypes were grouped into six populations according to their longitude, latitude, altitude, and rainfall zone of the sites from where they have been collected, and the cultivated in one population. All barley genotypes were analyzed with 11 SSR markers with known sequences and chromosomal locations. The 11 microsatellite markers revealed 237 alleles, with an average of 21.5 alleles per locus. In spontaneum genotypes, 209 alleles were identified with an average of 19 alleles per locus, whereas, cultivated genotypes had 95 alleles with an average of 8.6 alleles per locus. Moreover, 52 alleles were identified in spontaneum (22 %) of the total alleles and 22 alleles in cultivated barley (9 %). The level of genetic diversity was very high; in fact, mean in total gene diversity (Ht) was 0.86 ranging from 0.72 to 0.94. Average gene diversity (H) was 0.79 ranging from 0.74 to 0.82. Genetic variation within population was much higher than among populations at molecular levels: this was also supported by the finding that morphological characters such as awn length, plant height, days to maturity, peduncle length, peduncle extrusion and tillering number, showed higher variation within populations than among populations. Clustering of populations was according to their ecological geographical pattern.
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Characterization of genetic resources maintained at genebanks has important implications for future utilization and collection activities. A total of 49 simple sequence repeat (SSR) or microsatellite markers were used to study genetic diversity and relationships among 376 barley landraces collected from different barley producing parts of Ethiopia and eight cultivars. Overall, 478 alleles with an average of 9.755 alleles per locus were obtained of which 97.07% of the loci were observed to be polymorphic. Nei’s genetic diversity index (h) was 0.654, and the Shannon diversity index (I) was 0.647, indicating that the genetic diversity in barley genotypes studies was moderately high. At the population level, the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) averaged 98.37%, h = averaged 0.388, and I = averaged 0.568. The highest level of genetic diversity was observed in the AR population (PPL =100%, h = 0.439, I = 0.624); the lowest was observed in the JM population (PPL = 75.51%, h = 0.291, I ...
Today, most scientists have accepted that cultivated barley was originated from wild-type barley, Hordeum spontaneum. By the way, this is unclear whether domestication processes just occurred in Fertile Crescent or simultaneously in different areas all over the world. Additionally, there are disagreements in relation to center or main diversity centers of this plant. In the present study, in order to evaluate genetic and geographic diversity and also determining of barley populations phylogenic relations, 266 wild-type, H. spantaneum, from areas located in or out of Fertile Crescent and also 44 samples of cultivated barley from different world areas were studied. Barley samples storage proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE method and were assessed in three hordein groups including D, C and B. Genetic parameters, such as patterns number and genetic diversity index showed that by getting away from Fertile Crescent, barley genetic diversity was reduced, However, North Africa and East Asia...