Low-Level Laser Therapy : A Literature Review (original) (raw)
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Lasers in Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 2006
HISTORY OF LASERS Laser is an acronym that means light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation [1]. The stimulated emission of light and its properties was first described in the early 1900s by Einstein. Forty years later (in 1960), the first laser was developed at Bell Laboratories, and during the 1970s, lasers were introduced for use in medicine. Over the next decade, smaller and less expensive lasers were introduced and their use in medicine expanded. By late 1980s, many different types of lasers had been developed and were being used by many medical specialties, including veterinary medicine [2-8]. HOW LASERS WORK Lasers are devices that generate electromagnetic radiation that is essentially monochromatic, a single wavelength, and can be compressed into a small beam that is able to travel wide distances with little divergence. Lasers produce a high-intensity beam so intense that their light is 10 times brighter than the sun [9]. The lasers in use for medical purposes are referred to as light lasers. Light, by definition, is that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye; however, lasers in use in medicine emit beams of radiation that are in the visible range as well as in the near-infrared or ultraviolet regions. These beams behave in the same way as the visible spectrum in that they can be focused with lenses and reflected with mirrors; thus, for simplicity, they are called light lasers [7]. Lasers are named for the medium that is used to produce the laser light beam. Each laser's properties depend on the medium used to produce the laser beam and the ways in which that beam is delivered. The laser beam's interaction with tissue depends on the wavelength, power, and time that the beam is exposed to the tissue [4]. Some lasers, for example, the Qswitched ruby laser, do not interact with the surface tissue but penetrate deeper to interact with pigmented or vascular targets, such as pigmented nevi, tattoos, or vascular lesions.
Laser Photobiomodulation and Photodynamic Therapy . A Literature Review
2018
Laser photobiomodulation and photodynamic therapy are new methods for bacteria elimination. The use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), especially in a combination with a photosensitizer, leads to increase of the ATP production, improvement of the oxyreduction potential of the cells, as well as bacteriolysis. Neither the dye itself, nor the laseer is capable of reducing the number of bacteria as much as their combination. The advantages of these methods, compared to the use of antiseptics or antibiotics, are their local action, absence of systemic side effects and lack of need for maintaining high concentration of the dye.
Wound Photobiomodulation Treatment Outcomes in Animal Models
Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The possibilities that photobiomodulation has brought on to the medical field are ever expanding and the scope it has reached is infinite. Determining how this relatively new treatment technique can be incorporated into the veterinary medical field is of interest to many medical professionals. In this review, we examine the treatment outcomes of low-level-laser therapy (LLLT) in different animal models to pinpoint any similarities between the studies. A search was conducted to identify LLLT studies using different animal models with an open or closed wound. The studies were compared to identify the laser parameters that resulted in positive treatment outcomes. The overall result of the studies examined indicated that daily laser exposure at a wavelength of a 600 or 800 nm range was the most beneficial across the rodent studies regardless of health status or wound type. More studies on rabbit, canine, and equine models are needed to explain the inconsistent results reviewed and find ...
Biological effects of low level laser therapy
Journal of lasers in medical sciences, 2014
The use of low level laser to reduce pain, inflammation and edema, to promote wound, deeper tissues and nerves healing, and to prevent tissue damage has been known for almost forty years since the invention of lasers. This review will cover some of the proposed cellular mechanisms responsible for the effect of visible light on mammalian cells, including cytochrome c oxidase (with absorption peaks in the Near Infrared (NIR)). Mitochondria are thought to be a likely site for the initial effects of light, leading to increased ATP production, modulation of reactive oxygen species, and induction of transcription factors. These effects in turn lead to increased cell proliferation and migration (particularly by fibroblasts).
Effect of low intensity laser radiation on cows milk microflora and somatic cell count
With the expansion of ecological stock-raising, alternative methods to chemotherapy are being sought in treating livestock. Observations have been made indicating that animal tissues can interact with laser light. In human medicine therapeutics, the use of low intensity laser radiation is applied in analgesia, surgery, wound and joint treatment (16, 19, 20). In gynecology, laser rays can be applied as an assistive means in treating purulent mastitis (2). The effect of laser light bio-stimulation has been observed to expedite necrotic muscle regeneration (17). Laser radiation influences an increase in leukocyte activity, stimulates vascularisation, regulates local temperature and subdues symptoms of inflamation. The efficacy of laser therapy in treating bovine mastitis has not been determined. In some studies no evidence for any stimulation of the healthy mammary gland or therapeutic effects on mastitis by low-energy laser could be found (21). Other studies indicate that the efficacy...
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae
Background: Laser photobiomodulation has been used in the treatment of various injuries and diseases. This promotes modulation of the inflammatory process, edema reduction and devitalized tissue regeneration. The advantages of Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy are its easy application and the absence of side effects. Other advantages are the cost of the therapy, minimal damage to animal tissue, the broad spectrum of action, and efficiency against strains resistant to antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to report the clinical and their resolution in a female dog with a traumatic, infected wound treated with laser phototherapy as an alternative therapy method.Case: A 3-year-old bitch Border Collie, weighing 18 kg, from the municipality of Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil, waspresented for examination with a history of traumatic laceration of the left thoracic member. On the anamnesis, it was reported that the patient presented with laceration of the left thoracic member. The wound was cle...
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2019
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Photomedicine and Laser Surgery
Photomedicine and laser surgery
Objective: Visible light irradiations at doses of 5 and 12 J/cm 2 were applied to carp buffy coat leukocytes. Materials and Methods: The leukocytes response was measured by a chemiluminescence (CL) assay as basal (spontaneous) bCL and Ca ionophore-induced stimulated CL (StCL). Results: The irradiation caused a significant decrease in bCL in six out of 14 fish (susceptible fish) and rendered eight out of 14 fish unsusceptible. An inhibitory effect of light intensity dependence was more pronounced at 12 J/cm 2 . Furthermore, this inhibitory effect of irradiation on bCL was found in fish which displayed higher (433 ± 90 cpm/mL) pre-irradiation bCL, compared to unsusceptible subjects (88 ± 30 cpm/mL, p < 0.05). Similar differences in the intensity of preirradiation StCL were found between these fish groups (13,053 ± 5086 as compared to 1077 ± 294, p = 0.03). Moreover, the time-to-peak of StCL was significantly shorter in susceptible fish, indicating their hyperreactivity. Conclusion: These data show the inhibitory effect of visible light irradiation on blood leukocyte CL response in fish. These results suggest the prevention of host hyper-response which may occur under natural conditions of fish life. An Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) study of illuminated carp blood cells reveals the formation of Ascorbate free radicals (AFR) that may explain the decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration following irradiation. 265