Deployment Strategies in Wireless Sensor Networks (original) (raw)

Analysis and Evaluation of Random Placement Strategies in Wireless Sensor Networks

Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, 2014

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an attractive choice for many applications where sensors are densely and e±ciently deployed in an area of interest. For example, in surveillance applications, where deterministic placement is not applicable, the sensors have to be randomly deployed entirely or partially in an area. Whether random or deterministic, the strategy of deploying the sensors has a large impact on the performance of WSNs. In this paper, we propose a systematic methodology for sensors placement based on several random distributions. The quality of deployment is evaluated using a set of proposed measures, the signi¯cance of which highly depends on the WSN application. The impact of these deployment strategies on the network performance is thoroughly studied. Moreover, we propose a new hybrid deployment strategy that aims to achieve the best performance based on the suggested deployment quality measures. Both the placement strategies with the deployment quality measures are evaluated using extensive simulations. The results show that the proposed hybrid strategy outperformed other strategies including uniform, random, Gaussian, and exponential distributions. In addition, the paper identi¯es the family of applications where each of the quality measures is highly critical.

Node Placement Strategy in Wireless Sensor Network

International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications, 2013

The performance and quality of services in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) depend on coverage and connectivity. Node placement is a fundamental issue closely related to the coverage and connectivity in sensor networks. Node placement influences the target position, coverage area, and connectivity in sensor networks. In random deployment, sensor nodes are deployed randomly in a non-invasive way. The deployment process may cause issues like coverage holes, overlapping, and connectivity failure. Enhancing coverage and connectivity are important for sensor networks to provide a reliable communication within sensing. Placing many sensor nodes in a WSN application region area is not the best solution due to cost and it results in multiple sensors used. Mobile sensor node is used as an alternative to overcome the random deployment problem. The virtual force based self node deployment is used in the mobility sensor to improve the coverage and connectivity area. Virtual Force Algorithm (VFA)...

Comparative Analysis of Different Deployment Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network

Abstarct -In this communication era, wireless sensor network places a vital role. Wireless sensor network comprises of various types of sensor networks. Deployment of sensor nodes in wireless sensor network is a major concern to optimal result. There are various techniques in deploying the wireless sensor node. Among those some of the methods are, randomized method of deployment, grid based deployment, contour based deployment and projection based deployment. In this paper we are comparing all above methods and we show that projection based method out performs the rest of all othermethods.

Nodes Deployment Strategies for Sensor Networks: An Investigation

2016

The progresses in modern technology have directed the improvement in sensors forming a wireless network/system, which over the years is used in many fields like military, industry, medical firm, buildings, etc. Generally, the deployment pattern of sensors in Sensor systems is random and uniform for different kinds of applications. Sometimes, this pattern leads to the ineffectual utilization of the network resources; e.g. a smaller quantity of sensors are distributed in remote areas while more number of sensors are located in some areas and some part of the zone is not under the observation of any sensor node. It is possible that some part of the network consumes extra power as compared to other part of the network area. Due to lack of node availability some part may not transfer the information. The proposed investigation is intended to review and compared the existing work with respect to the effective deployment of nodes in sensor systems. The deployment strategies have different effect on different requirements, like energy balanced utilization, life improvement, connectivity and the coverage. Here we analyzed the effectiveness of the existing deployment strategies over different critical issues of sensor systems

Strategies and techniques for node placement in wireless sensor networks: A survey

Ad Hoc Networks, 2008

The major challenge in designing wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the support of the functional, such as data latency, and the non-functional, such as data integrity, requirements while coping with the computation, energy and communication constraints. Careful node placement can be a very effective optimization means for achieving the desired design goals. In this paper, we report on the current state of the research on optimized node placement in WSNs. We highlight the issues, identify the various objectives and enumerate the different models and formulations. We categorize the placement strategies into static and dynamic depending on whether the optimization is performed at the time of deployment or while the network is operational, respectively. We further classify the published techniques based on the role that the node plays in the network and the primary performance objective considered. The paper also highlights open problems in this area of research.

Node Deployment For Improving Coverage Area In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) [1] is a self-organized network composed of hundreds or thousands of nodes has been observed tremendous growth in the use of Wireless sensor networks (WSN) in the last decade. WSNs behave like an interface between the virtual and physical worlds. The Sensor nodes sense the changes in external environment and send the collected data to the sink nodes in the network called Base Station (BS). Node deployment is one main design issue in wireless sensor network. Node placement in WSNs is of two types manual or randomized. In manual placement, the sensors are manually allocated and data is routed across predetermined paths. Though, in random node placement, the sensor nodes are dispersed randomly, crafting an ad hoc routing infrastructure. The node deployment in wsn should be in such a way that the communication between nodes never failed. So to maintain the proper communication between these nodes an excellent routing protocol is required. This paper represe...

Performance Analysis of Sensor Placement Strategies on a Wireless Sensor Network

2010

The positioning of nodes in a sensor network has an effect in its performance. In this paper, two predefined configurations are compared to the random distribution to gauge the magnitude of the effect on energy consumption of each type of sensor allocation. The experiments assume a flat, obstacle free, rectangular field, with Directed Diffusion used as routing protocol, and random different positions for the querying entity (sink) and the event location in the field. The results confirm that in an environment such as this, it is worth investing in the uniform positioning of sensors as they offer a significant performance gain.

Random deployment of wireless sensor networks: a survey and approach

International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, 2014

Sensor placement is a fundamental issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The sensorpositions can be predetermined to guarantee the quality of surveillance provided by the WSN. However, in remote or hostile sensor field, randomised sensor placement often becomes the only option. In this paper, we survey existing random node placement strategies. We categorise random placement strategies into simple and compound. An empirical study has been carried out yielding a detailed analysis of random deployment intrinsic properties, such as coverage, connectivity, faulttolerance, and network lifespan. We also investigate the performance of a hybridisation of the simple diffusion model that places a large number of nodes around the sink and the constant diffusion that provides high coverage and connectivity rates. We show that such hybridisation ensures better performance. The obtained results give helpful design guidelines in using random deployment strategies.

Node Relocation Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Short Survey

(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2019

Sensor nodes in a sensor network often operate in harsh and challenging environments and this leads to frequent failure of sensor nodes. Failure of sensor nodes leads to partitioning in the network connectivity. For significant effectiveness of applications of sensor networks, the inter-sensor connectivity among sensors is vital. Some sensors are also involved in sustaining the flow of information from the sensor to unapproachable end users. The network can be split up into multiple incoherent blocks and cease working due to physical damage or onboard energy depletion. To deal with such scenarios, a plethora of node repositioning techniques are proposed in the literature. In this article, the recent and up to date mode of research on dynamic sensor repositioning in WSN is discussed. This article classifies sensor repositioning methods into on-demand and post-deployment repositioning based on whether the optimization is accomplished at deployment time or while the network is functioning.