THE CREATION OF GOVERNING SYSTEM FOR THE INNER KAZAKH HORDE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 th CENTURY (original) (raw)
Related papers
SOME ARGUMENTS ABOUT THE WATER USE SYSTEM IN THE KOKAND KHANATE AT THE END OF THE XIX CENTURY
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE: "THE HISTORY OF THE FERGANA VALLEY IN NEW RESEARCHES"
В статье на основе архивных документов раскрыт механизм водопользования в Кокандском ханстве в последний период его существования. Показаны пути разрешения конфликтных ситуаций при орошении земель, исследована иерархия управления оросительной системы. Делается вывод, что система водопользования в ханстве опиралась на законы шариата и сложившиеся в течении многих лет местные традиции.
ANCESTORS OF URAZ-MUHAMMAD KHAN IN THE HISTORY OF THE KAZAKH KHANATE
ПРЕДКИ УРАЗ МУХАММЕД-ХАНА В ИСТОРИИ КАЗАХСКОГО ХАНСТВА, 2023
Цель исследования: рассмотрение сведений исторических источников о предках Ураз Мухаммед-хана и выяснение их роли в истории Казахского ханства XV-XVI вв. Материалы исследования: труд «Джами ат-таварих» Кадыр Али-бека, средневековые письменные исторические источники и историческая научная литература по истории Казахского ханства XV-XVI вв. Результаты и научная новизна: в работе приведены сведения исторических источников о предках Ураз Мухаммед-хана и показаны роль каждого из них в истории Казахского ханства XV-XVI вв. С именем его прапрадеда Джанибек-хана связано само образование в середине XV в. национального государства-Казахского ханства. Прадед Ураз Мухаммед-хана Джадик-хан погиб в борьбе за объединение земель казахов. А его дед Шигай-хан в начале 80-х гг. XVI в. недолгое время являлся верховным правителем Казахского ханства. И очень важно отметить, что Шигай-хан заложил основу династии, которая правила казахами на протяжении последующих 200 с лишним лет, до отмены ханской власти Российской империей в XIX в. Отец же Ураз Мухаммед-хана Ондан-султан погиб, защищая земли казахов от калмаков, и удостоился чести быть похороненным в мусульманской святыне кочевников-тюрков-мавзолее Ходжа Ахмета Ясави. В заключении сделан вывод, что предки Ураз Мухаммеда играли важную роль в истории Казахского ханства.
KHAKIMKHAN TURYA – FERGANA PERIOD OF APPLICANT FOR KASHGAR (end of XIX century)
2021
Мақолада Яқуббек Бадавлат вафотидан кейин Қошғарда ҳокимият учун даъвогарлик қилган, аммо мағлубиятга учраб, Фарғонага қочиб келган Хакимхон Тўранинг фаолияти ёритилган. Муаллиф архив ҳужжатлари ва мавжуд адабиётларга таянган ҳолда, Ҳакимхон рус ҳукмрон доираларининг Цин империяси билан муносабатларида сиёсий қўғирчоққа айланганлигини кўрсатади.
2018
The article considers the materials obtained during the study of Azaq and his outskirts possibly dating back to the 3rd quarter of the 13th – the 1st quarter of the 14th centuries. The authors distinguish three chronological phases, with each of them characterized on the basis of materials from closed archaeological complexes. At the first stage, in the middle of the 13th century, the growth of Azaq was surpassed by the development of a rural settlement network in the lower reaches of the Don. Some of them were comparable or even greater than Azaq in terms of area at the early stage of development. Most of the settlements emerged as early as in the beginning of the 14th century. The authors conclude that the most rapid growth of the town occurred during the reign of Khan Tokhta. The town developed less rapidly in the initial period of Uzbek’s rule. The structure of urban districts and a street network developed by 1325. In terms of methodology, of great importance is that the development of the city was significantly ahead of the development of monetary circulation, particularly its coin variation. Coins are absent in most of the complexes, or represented by single findings. Even in thoroughly studied Azaq, traces of the first period of existence vanish due to the numerous materials corresponding to the period of Uzbek’s and Janibek’s reign. The growth phase is insufficiently documented due to the fact that most of the materials are deposited in the periods of architectural replanning, and intensive deposition of findings in the layer begins with the onset of crisis phenomena.
INFORMATION ABOUT CUMANIA “DASHT-I QIPCHAQ” AND KAZAKH KHAGANATE, IN THE WORKS OF THE OTTOMAN SOURCE
2021
İn this article, by examining judgments that take place in Tevarihname related to the Ottoman source, presents particulary political and commercial relations of Ottoman- Kazakh Khaganete in the second half of XIV-XVIII, we detected information about the Cumania “Dest-I Kıpchak”, and Saraičïk region from the Ottoman era archives. During the study, two travelogues and one chronicles, a sum of 3 manuscripts have been used. These works are the travelogue “Mirāt’ul Mamālik” by Seydi Ali Reis, who served as the Kapudan Pasha of the State during Suleiman the Magnificent era; the travelogue “Turkestan and Far East” by Defter Seyfi Çelebi, who assumed the Defterdar, i. e. Ministry of Finance during Murad III’s era, and Tavāriḫ-i Dešt-i Qïpčaq. These manuscripts provide valuable information about the Golden Horde period and East Dashti Kipchak during the Kazakh Khanate.
ВЛАСТЬ, 2017
The article analyzes the formation and evolution of the concept of the ruler's power in Sikhism in the 17th–18th centuries. The characteristic features of the power of the Sikh gurus are distinguished, beginning with the fifth guru Arjun, who was at the same time both spiritual leader and bearer of elements of secular power. Conclusions about transformation of the concept of the power of the ruler at the beginning of the 18th century after the death of the last 10th guru are drawn. On the base of the analysis of the code of behavior of the Sikh Prem Sumarag features of ideal model of the power of the ruler come to light. The power belongs to the secular ruler who does not have the highest spiritual power. The ruler closes on himself all spheres of management, and delegates a part of power to representatives of bureaucratic apparatus. Despite the absolute nature of the power, the ruler acts as servant of a Sikh community, as ensuring happiness of the people is his main task. Thus, in the 18th century a Sikh community developed the doctrine about an ideal form of the power of the ruler, which was realized in the 19th century after formation of the united Sikh state.
РОССИЙСКАЯ АРХЕОЛОГИЯ, № 3, с. 173–188 , 2020
Studies on the fortified settlement of Kala-i Kukhna (Karron) in Darvaz (Southern Tajikistan) were launched in 2012. Its dating caused controversy, including among the participants of the excavation. The site as a whole is very complicated to deal with. It is obvious that its formation took a long time resulting in an assemblage of objects and structures for various purposes ranging from a nomadic mound to structures of the late Middle Ages. The author is of the opinion that all objects excavated in 2012–2014 belong to the period of the late 14th – the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. This paper focuses on the substantiation of the dating of the structure tentatively referred to as “Panjmanor” (Five Towers). In the light of the analogies presented in the work it can be considered as a special kind of Muslim mosque and a tomb mosque. Based on the first construction period, the structure can be attributed to the Timurid period – the late 14th–15th century.
Structure of the Golden Horde cities at the time of khan Uzbek.pdf
The Golden Horde state represented a specific simbiosis of nomad steppe traditions and developed urbanizm. At present more then 100 cities are known from written and archaeological sources. Sarai, the capital of the Golden Horde is in Astrakhan region, near the Selitrennoye village located. An aristocratic region of Sarai between the Kuchugury and Krasnyi mounds was investigated in detail by Lower Volga Expedition. They were excavated a large mosque, madrasa or hostel for pilgrims, bath-house with splendid ornamentation and four rich farmstead houses. The results of these excavation enables us to interpret the principles of the Golden Horde town planning. In XIV century the Golden Horde cities were built according to uniform plan with buildings of each quarter clustered round a mosque. Зиливинская