Red Flags of Dating Violence Among College Students: From the Perspective of Campus Service Providers in Costa Rica (original) (raw)
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Physical Dating Violence Victimization in College Women in Chile
Journal of Women's Health, 2010
Objectives: There are no published studies on physical dating violence in college students in Chile, and campuses across the country currently lack systematized programs to prevent or respond to this public health problem. This is the first study to examine prevalence and predictors of physical dating violence victimization with a sample of female college students in Chile. Methods: A closed-ended questionnaire was administered to students enrolled in general education courses at a major public university. The prevalence of women's physical dating violence victimization was calculated, and generalized ordered logit models were used to estimate risk factors for such victimization (n ¼ 441). Ancillary analyses examined associations of dating violence victimization with experiences of unwanted sexual contact and forced condom nonuse. Results: Approximately 21% of subjects reported one or more incidents of physical dating violence not involving physical injury since age 14, and another 5% reported at least one incident resulting in physical injury during this time period. Risk factors identified in five sequential models were sexual abuse and witnessing of domestic violence in childhood, low parental education, residence away from the parental home, urban residence, and having had sexual intercourse. Maternal employment and religious participation had protective effects. Dating violence victimization was found to be significantly associated with experiences of unwanted sexual contact and forced condom nonuse. Conclusions: The study findings show a high prevalence of physical dating violence, strong associations between several sociodemographic factors and dating violence, and links between dating violence and sexual= reproductive risk. Our results indicate a need to expand attention to this public health problem in Chile as well as other developing countries, where research and prevention=response initiatives have generally been similarly limited. The findings also have important implications for the content of dating violence, HIV=sexually transmitted infection (STI), and pregnancy prevention programs for adolescents and young adults.
An inquiry was made with respect to differences in personal variables (gender stereotypes, depression, and substance abuse) and relational (tensions in the couple's relationship and support) in college students with high and low level of violence in dating. A non-random sample of 769 students was selected from a university in southern Sonora of which 397 (52%) were included in the group with high and 372 (48%) with a low level of violence respectively. By discriminant analysis was found that in both genders groups with low level of dating violence reported greater support and lower tensions in the couple's relationship, also men with lesser violence reported lower substance use and hostile sexism. From the results it can be concluded that dating violence is associated in women with relational variables and in the case of men to a combination of relational and personal aspects.
International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2009
Numerous studies have documented high levels of intimate partner violence in Chile. Yet to date, research and prevention/ response programs have focused almost exclusively on cohabiting and married couples. This study presents a comparative analysis of dating violence prevalence in a sample of male and female college students in Chile and describes the contexts in which such violence takes place. Based on a survey of students enrolled in general education courses at a large, public university in Santiago during the Winter 2005 term (n= 484 women, 466 men), we find a high prevalence of physical and psychological dating violence, with patterns resembling those documented for other countries. We also find a high prevalence of having witnessed interparental violence during childhood. Our results present a compelling case for not continuing to neglect dating violence in Chile and other Latin-American countries: further research in this area, and the development and evaluation of prevention programs for youth, could go far in reducing the opportunity for aggression to become an established style of conflict resolution.
An Evaluation of Two Dating Violence Prevention Programs on a College Campus
Journal of interpersonal violence, 2016
Dating violence is a serious and prevalent public health problem that is associated with numerous negative physical and psychological health outcomes, and yet there has been limited evaluation of prevention programs on college campuses. A recent innovation in campus prevention focuses on mobilizing bystanders to take action. To date, bystander programs have mainly been compared with no treatment control groups raising questions about what value is added to dating violence prevention by focusing on bystanders. This study compared a single 90-min bystander education program for dating violence prevention with a traditional awareness education program, as well as with a no education control group. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design with follow-up at 2 months, a sample of predominately freshmen college students was randomized to either the bystander (n = 369) or traditional awareness (n = 376) dating violence education program. A non-randomized control group of freshme...
Woman abuse in dating relationships: Rethinking women's safety on campus
The Journal of Human Justice, 1993
First appearing in a popular women's magazine in 1982, the term 'date rape' was introduced in a discussion of research by Koss and Oros. While earlier research had documented sexual aggression in heterosexual dating relationships (see Kirpatrick and Kanin 1957; also Giarrusso, Johnson, Goodchilds, and Zellman 1979, cited in Bohmer and Parrot 1993), it is significant that the Koss and Oros study was based on a national survey of US college students. In this survey, researchers found that between 20 and 25 percent of women students had experienced forced sex at some time during their college careersJ Since then, in light of the extensive documentation of abuse in dating relationships, 2 administrators of US and Canadian universities/colleges 3 are being forced to reconsider the notion that the quality of campus life concerns purely educational matters. Specifically, they are finding it necessary to rethink traditional approaches to safety on campus. For decades, universi ties have been viewed as sanctuaries from crime and other social problems; during the past few years this view has been challenged.
2021
Sexual violence is a public health issue, and it is present in several contexts, including universities. This study systematized information found in 34 protocols for preventing and tackling sexual violence in Latin American universities. The following aspects were examined: year of publication; terms selected by protocols to designate goals and guidelines, as well as the references used to frame the concepts; social markers; the scope of application; and support network provided by universities. From the overall number, 75% were created between 20152018, showcasing recent development. As for terminology, the notion of sexual violence allows for a wider and more objective account of diverse ways of violence, presenting a more fruitful manner of identifying the phenomenon. As for the scope of applicability of the policy, it is important to consider institutional ties, not only the spatial limits of campuses, as well as virtual relationships, and not just face-to-face. The support net...
Dating Violence: An Overview of Help-Seeking Behavior, Trust in Authority, and Peer Support
Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi
Dating violence is increasing every day and continues to constitute a social problem. Students are a social group with the highest risk of becoming victims. Furthermore, not all victims are willing to report these cases. Previous studies show that victims of dating violence are reluctant to report it as they may not receive good treatment. This study aims to explore the forms of dating violence, victims, directions for seeking help, trust in campus authorities, peer support, and intercorrelations. It involves a correlational quantitative method with 225 students taken based on purposive random sampling. This study also uses a scale of conflict in dating, friend support, choice of support, and trust in authority. The results showed that most of the violence experienced by victims is psychological. Victims tend to seek help from informal parties such as friends, family, and partners, instead of formal parties such as doctors, psychologists, police, or lecturers. Trust in campus author...
College Women’s Experiences of Dating Violence in Casual and Exclusive Relationships
American Journal of Criminal Justice, 2012
Using a sample of female college students involved in a current dating relationship, we investigate the nature of violence in these intimate relationships to better understand the concept of violence mutuality. To do so we explore womens' experiences with violence as both perpetrators and victims and examine the prevalence, chronicity, and severity of violence experienced by young women. We also examine whether there are differences in experiences of violence for women in casual versus exclusive dating relationships. Our findings suggest that when violence is present in a dating relationship it is likely to occur within a mutually violent relationship where women are both victims and perpetrators of violence. More importantly, within these mutually violent relationships, women reported being more likely to perpetrate violence at higher rates than they experience as victims. We find no notable differences in experiences with violence among those in casual versus exclusive relationships. The methodological limitations and policy implications of our findings are discussed.
Sexual Violence Victimization among Undergraduates at a Chilean University
International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 2020
As part of a campus-wide prevention program, the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile (PUC) implemented a cross-sequential survey on sexual violence. In this article, we report data from the first wave (2018; N = 2,046) from three cohorts of undergraduates (Year 1, n = 792; Year 2, n = 601; Year 3, n = 653). We found an overall twelve-month prevalence for victimization experiences of 18.7 percent (4.3 percent by force or threat of force; 12.9 percent while unable to resist; 7.1 percent by verbal pressure; multiple responses allowed). Women (22.9 percent) were victimized more frequently than men (9.7 percent). Among women, victimization rates were highest for Year 1 students (25.7 percent), intermediate for Year 2 (22.3%), and lowest for Year 3 (19.8 percent). Only 10.9 percent of reported incidents happened in a university context. In most cases, perpetrators were male (88.9 percent) and known to the victim (72.1 percent); 24.4 percent were partners, 35.5 percent were friends. W...
Suma Psicológica, 2019
This article provides psychometric information from a screening tool for victimization in young couples: the 8-Item Dating Violence Questionnaire. The first study undertook an exploratory factor analysis with polymorphic correlation matrices and oblimin rotation of 990 Mexican university students with an average age of 19.5, two thirds of whom were women, obtaining a unifactorial structure with high reliability for males and females. The second study, with a sample of 355 participants, provided information on the validity of the instrument, finding a positive relationship between the 8-Item Dating Violence Questionnaire and perceived victimization. High significance and a large effect size and negative relationship were obtained between the instrument and state of health, with a moderate effect. In conclusion, the DVQ-8 includes reliable, valid indicators for the early detection of victimization in educational settings.