Personality Does not Influence Exercise-Induced Mood Enhancement Among Female Exercisers (original) (raw)
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Effects of personality and acute exercise on mood states
Personality and individual differences, 1996
often report that even a single bout of exercise can bring about significant changes in their mood. However, the experimental evidence does not entirely support these anecdotal reports. It is currently unclear whether exercise exerts any greater effect on mood than an equivalent period of quiet rest or other placebo conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of exercise against a noexercise condition within an experimental protocol. A second aim was to examine whether manipulation of Ss' expectations of psychological benefits from exercise could alter the extent to which their moods changed. The influence of personality on magnitude of mood change post-exercise was also evaluated. It was found that exercise did enhance mood more than a period of quiet rest, However, the manipulation of expectations failed to produce significantly different effects on mood. Finally, personality factors were found to influence significantly the mood effects of exercise.
Psychology Health & Medicine, 2010
For nearly 60 years, researchers have examined the relationship between personality traits and exercise participation. , using meta-analytic procedures reported that extraversion, conscientiousness, and neuroticism were significantly related to exercise participation (Personality correlates of physical activity: A review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40, 958-965). Gender as a moderator of the personality and exercise relationship remained inconclusive. In addition, researchers have suggested that the stage approach may lend greater insight as to the importance of personality. The investigator's primary purpose was to determine whether gender moderated the personality and exercise relationship. The secondary purpose was to determine the importance of personality within a stage approach. Participants were 827 females and 657 males college-aged students who completed measures of the ''big five'' personality traits and two exercise measures. The results indicated that gender was not a moderator and that the stage approach offers insight as hypothesized differences resulted in personality between intentional exercisers and non-exercising individuals as well as within exercising individuals.
Personality, exercise and psychological well-being: Static relationships in the community
Personality and Individual Differences, 1997
It is often claimed that participation in physical exercise is associated with a range of psychological benefits. In addition, certain personality traits have been linked with patterns of exercise participation. However, almost no research has examined the roles of personality, exercise, and psychological well-being in a single study. The present study examined the relationships between exercise, personality traits, and psychological health in a sample of 204 women and 48 men, recruited from health clubs and adult education classes by postal survey. Results from the women in the sample suggest that participation in physical exercise contributed only a small amount of variance (6%) on the prediction of Positive Affect. Personality factors were by far the most significant determinants of psychological well-being. Copyright 0 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Frontiers in Psychology, 2023
Introduction: Physical exercise is one of the most relevant lifestyle choices for the prevention of diseases; however, participation in this type of activity remains low. Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the understanding of related psychological factors in men and women. Objective: To determine whether personality traits, emotional intelligence and negative affective are differentially related to physical exercise characteristics in men and women. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 579 physically active people (61.1% men) between 18 and 59 years of age. The Big Five Inventory (BFI-15p), Brief Emotional Intelligence Scale (EQ-i-M20), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used. Results: Compared with men, women exercised fewer days and minutes per week, had fewer years of participation and performed fewer different physical exercises. On the emotional intelligence scale, compared with men, women showed less stress management, adaptability and general mood but greater interpersonal intelligence. With regard to personality traits, compared with men, women showed greater openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism. In males, heightened levels of general mood and extraversion were associated to a lasting commitment to physical exercise over time. Conversely, in females, depression was negatively associated with the years dedicated to physical exercise. Conclusion: Distinct approaches are essential for men and women, acknowledging the varied ways psychological factors are linked to physical exercise based on gender.
Exercisers Achieve Greater Acute Exercise-Induced Mood Enhancement Than Nonexercisers
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2008
Objective: To determine whether a single session of exercise of appropriate intensity and duration for aerobic conditioning has a different acute effect on mood for nonexercisers than regular exercisers. Design: Repeated-measures design. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: Adult nonexercisers, moderate exercisers, and ultramarathon runners (8 men, 8 women in each group). Interventions: Treadmill exercise at self-selected speeds to induce a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) of 13 (somewhat hard) for 20 minutes, preceded and followed by 5 minutes at an RPE of 9 (very light). Main Outcome Measure: Profile of Mood States before and 5 minutes after exercise. Results: Vigor increased by a mean Ϯ standard deviation of 8Ϯ7 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 5-12) among the ultramarathon runners and 5Ϯ4 points (95% CI, 2-9) among the moderate exercisers, with no improvement among the nonexercisers. Fatigue decreased by 5Ϯ6 points (95% CI, 2-8) for the ultramarathon runners and 4Ϯ4 points (95% CI, 1-7) for the moderate exercisers, with no improvement among the nonexercisers. Postexercise total mood disturbance decreased by a mean of 21Ϯ16 points (95% CI, 12-29) among the ultramarathon runners, 16Ϯ10 points (95% CI, 7-24) among the moderate exercisers, and 9Ϯ13 points (95% CI, 1-18) among the nonexercisers. Conclusions: A single session of moderate aerobic exercise improves vigor and decreases fatigue among regular exercisers but causes no change in these scores for nonexercisers. Although total mood disturbance improves postexercise in exercisers and nonexercisers, regular exercisers have approximately twice the effect as nonexercisers. This limited postexercise mood improvement among nonexercisers may be an important deterrent for persistence with an exercise program.
Personality, Emotional Intelligence and Exercise
Journal of Health Psychology, 2007
The associations of personality and self-report emotional intelligence (EI) with attitudes to exercise and selfreported exercise behaviour were investigated in a sample of 497 Canadian undergraduates. A positive attitude to exercise was negatively associated with Neuroticism and uncorrelated with other personality traits and EI. Exercise behaviour was positively associated with Extraversion and EI and negatively associated with Neuroticism. Structural equation modelling indicated that EI mediated the relationship between personality and exercise behaviour. The interpretation of this result in terms of EI having some properties of a coping style is discussed.
Mood Changes following Exercise
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2002
26 participants completed a mood measure to assess anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension, and vigor immediately before and immediately after two exercise sessions. Analysis showed significant mood enhancement for each exercise session. Follow-up univariate results indicated that Depressed mood scores were reduced significantly and Fatigue scores increased significantly following the first exercise session. Scores after the second exercise session indicated that Depressed mood decreased significantly. There was no interaction. Results lend support for the notion that exercise reduces depressed mood scores. It is suggested that researchers should consider the mechanisms that produce changes in mood following exercise.