Growth and Yield of Oyster Mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) Grown on Different Substrates Ammended with Varying Levels of Wheat Bran (original) (raw)
Related papers
2019
Mushroom production has been gaining uppermost interests from scientific point of view due their nutritional values and medicinal importance’s. In this report, the effect of substrates’ composed from different mix ratio of wheat straws and cotton seed waste on growth, yield and yield related parameters of oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushroom were presented. The experiment was lied out in different mix ratio of wheat straws and cotton seed waste for ten treatments with two replications in randomized complete design. The quantitative data including days taken for full colonization, days from colonization to primordial formation and days after primordial emergences to first harvest were recorded. The measurements of growth and yield parameters viz. cap-diameters, stipe length, number of fruits, aborts, bunches, biological efficiencies and total biomass were also recorded. The shortest days of primordial emergences 2.88days (T10) after mycelium fully colonize the substrates, days of fi...
Journal of Biological Sciences
Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) production is low despite its high demand in Swaziland. Most communal farmers dispose of their agricultural waste while it can be used usefully as substrates for the production of mushrooms. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different agricultural wastes used as mushroom substrates on growth, development and yield of mushroom. The substrates investigated were banana leaves, sugarcane tops, maize stover and maize stover and cobs (1:1 dry mass/dry mass). The study was conducted at the University of Swaziland, Faculty of Agriculture-Luyengo Campus, at the Crop Production's mushroom laboratory. Sterilization of substrates was done at the Malkerns Research station. Pleurotus ostreatus was evaluated for growth and yield using four replicate bags of sugarcane tops, maize stover, maize stover and cobs and banana leaves as substrates. The moist substrates were sterilised, packed in heat-resistant plastic bags, seeded with 2-4% ...
Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is known to utilize a wide range of agricultural by-products and organic wastes from agro-processing industries. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the usability of maize stem along with different proportion of cotton seed waste for the growth, yield and yield related parameters of oyster mushroom. From all the different treatments tested, those composed the maize stem: cotton seed waste in the ratio of (60:40 and30:70) showed fastest mycelial run, 3.6 and 7.2 cm respectively, on 7 th and 14 th days of incubation. Maize stem: cotton seed waste (60:40 and 80:20) took shortest time from incubation to 1 st flush 30 days; while maize stem: cotton seed waste (90:10 and 80:20) showed shortest pinning to maturation throughout the flushes. Maize stem: cotton seed waste (30:70) observed to have higher number of aborts 105, higher number of fruiting bodies 125 and maize stem: cotton seed waste (30:70) showed larger pilus diameter 9.2cm, higher fresh weight of matures 795g and highest biological efficiency 159%. Although the total yields of the mushroom biomass, as well as the biological efficiency were greatly affected by the different substrate compositions, all combination of the substrate gave more than 100% biological efficiency which makes maize stem together with cotton seed waste a good option for mass production of oyster mushroom which can produce good quality mushroom fruit bodies. Introduction Mushroom is fruiting bodies of fungus growing on damp rotten log of wood, decaying organic matter and soil rich in organic substances. Edible mushrooms are highly nutritious and can be compared with eggs, milk and meat (Caglarimak, 2007; Stamets, 2005). Edible mushrooms on dry basis contain about 19-40% protein; that is its protein content is twice that of vegetable and four times that of oranges, and they are rich with vitamins, minerals, less percent of unsaturated fatty acid and carbohydrate which makes it so ideal for diabetic and the obesity patient (Ogundana and Fagede, 1982). Most mushrooms have exceptional medicinal potentials and properties; curative and prophylactic especially in diseases such as high blood pressure, asthma, respiratory tract infections, anemia, hepatitis, cancer, tumor, etc (Wasser, 2002, 2008). Mushrooms are also important for cholesterol reduction, immune enhancement, cancer, anti allergic activities, antimicrobial and cardiovascular treatment. They also have a long history of use as traditional medicine in China. Their legendary effects on promoting good health and increasing adaptive abilities have been also been demonstrated (Wasser, 2002). Mushroom cultivation also serves as the most efficient and economically-viable biotechnology for the conversion of ligno-cellulosic waste materials into high-quality protein food for revenue generation (Ortega et al, 1992;Berch et al., 2007).However, the cultivation of mushroom is still at its infancy in some parts of Africa, especially in Ethiopia. The major problem associated with the transfer of technology for mushroom cultivation is the lack of technical know-how for its cultivation (Dawit, 1998). In Ethiopia more than 80% of the population is engaged in agricultural activities and huge amount of residues are produced as by products during the harvest season. Maize production has been wide spread in low high land areas through cultivation of improved varieties. Four different by products are produced from maize production including: stems, leaves, maize stover and comb. Each one of the residues has been observed to be greater than the produces. The agricultural residues are generally burnt in the fields leading to emission of green house gases and the environmental degradation. The best way of minimizing these wastes is recycling through utilizing these products as substratum for growing mushroom. The mushrooms can use the plant derivatives as source of carbon and other nutrients and convert the waste biomass in to value added mushroom fruit bodies besides, contributing to the environmental sustainability. Mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus belonging the family Tricholomataceae are commonly known as oyster mushrooms which occupy the second position among cultivated edible mushrooms worldwide due to their nutritional and medicinal values (Khan et al., 2008). The present paper was designed following the above objective in order to understand the effect of different proportion of maize stem together with cotton seed waste on growth, yield and yield related parameters of the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus.
African Journal of Plant Science, 2018
A mushroom is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above the ground on soil. The nutritional value of mushrooms is greater than one may think. Generally, it is a nature's hidden treasures of nutrition. The aim of this study was to access the suitability of available agro wastes of some lignocelluloses materials containing five different types of main substrates namely, sawdust (Sd), cow dung (Cd), teff straw (Tfs), corn cobs (CbZ) and chat left over (ChC). During this study, rate of mycelia invasion, cap diameters, stipe length, fresh weight per flush and total yield of Pleurotus ostreatus were recorded, accordingly. Results indicate that, CbZ alone, CbZ*Tfs, CbZ*Sd and Cd*CbZ showed highest biological efficiency of 83.62, 72.8 to 87.5, 62.6 to 7 and 63.4 to 63.8%, respectively, while the lowest yield was obtained from Cd*ChC and Tfs*ChC (46 to 50.16%). Moreover, CbZ alone as well as in combination with other agro wastes (Tfs*CbZ and CbZ*SdC, Cd*Tfs and Chat (Catha edulis)) enhanced the yield of P. ostreatus. Thus, the currently used agro wastes, such as corn cobs, teff straw, sawdust and cow dung are promising substrate for domestic as well as industrial production of mushroom.
Purpose Food insecurity and poverty are common challenges in arid and semi-arid regions. Diversification into low input agriculture like mushroom cultivation can help address these challenges. However, recommended mushroom substrates in Kenya (rice and wheat straws) are not widely available cheaply. Crop residues found in semi-arid areas can serve as alternative substrates, but their efficiency has not been adequately evaluated. This study evaluated the potential of various agro-waste materials as alternative substrates for cultivation of phoenix oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius) in semi-arid regions. Method Five agro-waste materials and their combinations were tested: maize stalks, beans straw, maize cobs, rice straw, and Melia volkensii leaves. The study assessed the effects of these substrates on different mushroom growth and productivity parameters. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design, under relative humidity of 80-90% and temperatures of 23-24°C, over a 75 day period. Results Substrates containing M. volkensii failed to colonize fully except in their combination with bean straw, which yielded little. Yields varied significantly by substrate, ranging from 136.2 g/kg of wet substrate in bean straw + Melia volkensii to 434.9 g/kg of wet substrate in rice straw. Mushroom yields from maize stalks + bean straw and maize stalks + maize cobs substrates were not significantly different from those of rice straw, the control substrate. Conclusion The study showed that combinations of maize stalks, bean straw and maize cobs are suitable alternatives to rice straw, as substrates for oyster mushroom production.
Mushroom cultivation is an economically feasible biotechnological process for conversion of various lignocellulosic wastes in to protein rich nutritious food. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the suitability of waste paper supplemented with wheat straw and wheat bran for Oyster mushroom cultivation. Therefore, an experiment with different concentration of waste paper supplemented with wheat straw and wheat bran were evaluated for cultivation of Pluerotus sajor caju and their effect on productivity and biological efficiency (BE). Maximum BE (94.92%) was obtained in the treatment waste paper (50%) + wheat straw (25%) + wheat bran (25%) while a minimum BE of 56.82% was achieved when waste paper was used alone for the cultivation of mushroom. The study revealed that waste paper along with wheat straw and wheat bran can be successfully used for oyster mushroom production as a promising alternative to wheat straw.
Performance of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in different local agricultural waste materials
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2012
The present study was conducted to evaluate different substrates for establishment of yield performance of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The substrates were prepared from single or mixture of different agricultural waste materials supplemented with lime and water as additive to each substrate. A total of eight substrates labeled 1 to 8 were prepared. Substrate 4, which is a mixture of palm kernel cake and maize cob, had the highest mycelia growth rate (80%), sprouted 15 days after inoculation and yielded the highest total fresh weight for a period of 10 harvests (2957.5 g). Substrate 3, a mixture of palm kernel cake and sawdust, had 78% mycelia growth rate, sprouted 16 days after inoculation and yielded 2535.7 g fresh mushroom. Substrate 2 is a mixture of maize straw and sawdust and had 75% mycelia growth rate, sprouted 17 days after inoculation and a total of 2207.4 g fresh weight. The mushroom grown in substrates 4, 3 and 2 produced bigger and firmer fruiting bodies, which differed significantly (P < 0.05) from the other substrates. Substrates 1 and 5 which had 50% mycelia growth rate, sprouted 31 and 33 days after inoculation and 1408.8 and 1092.6 g, respectively, were recorded after a period of 10 harvests. Substrate 4, 3 or 2 is therefore recommended for cultivation of oyster mushroom.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2013
Nutrient supplements and agricultural wastes used for mushroom cultivation are important in improving establishment and production of mushrooms. Agricultural wastes such as sawdust, grass, sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw and maize cobs have successfully been used for the production of Kenyan wood ear mushrooms [Auricularia auricula (L. ex Hook.) Underw.]. However, the effect of varying concentrations of wheat bran supplements on their productivity has not been fully researched. In this study, fresh and composted agricultural wastes were supplemented with wheat bran at concentrations of 0, 5, 10 and 20%. The cultivation experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated three times. Data was collected on days to spawn run, days to primordial initiation, primordial concentration quality and biological efficiency. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance using SAS version 9.1. Mean separation was done using least significant difference (LSD) and effects were declared significant at 5% level.
International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2019
Due to the recent insights of the mushroom nutritional and medicinal advantages, interests in mushroom production and consumption have been increasing. The main aim of this paper is to report the effect of substrates' composed from different mix ratio of wheat straws, waste paper and cotton seed waste on growth, yield and yield related parameters of oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushroom. The experiment was conducted from December 20017 to March 2018. There were five treatments (T1-T5) with two replications in randomized complete design. The quantitative data were collected and analyzed. The results of this experiments indicated that, the fastest mycelia run was recorded from T4 (19.5 days) for complete colonization and the slowest from T1 (28 days) for complete colonization. Fewer days from colonization to primordial formation was taken for treatment T3 and T4 (2.5 days), while more days taken for T5 (4 days. Larger cap diameter (11.19 cm) was recorded for the mushroom grown on T1. While smaller cap diameter 96.23) was recorded for the mushroom grown on T4, shortest stipe length was recorded from the mushroom on T5 while longest stipe length was recorded for T2, (4.11); highest number of fruits recorded for T3 (41.44) while lowest number of fruits recorded for T5 (22.07). Highest number of aborts recorded for T2 (18.78, while the lowest was recorded for T5 (10.37); Highest number of bunches recorded for T4, (4) while the lowest number of bunches recorded for T5 (1.38). Maximum number of fruits 41.44 (T3), highest biological efficiencies 191.745 (T5), were produced from the different substrate composed from wheat straw, waste paper supplemented with cotton seed waste. Treatments T3 and T4 of this experiment gave maximum total biomass and Biological efficiency so that it could be recommended for pilot or large scale production of oyster mushroom.
Six agricultural by-products were used in the cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius. all of which were supplemented with 2% 15:15:15 N: P: K fertilizer and 3% rice bran to increase the nutritional composition of the substrates . In addition, 1% CaCO was added to minimize 3 bacteria contamination. The ramification rate and yield performance of the substrates were evaluated differently . Palm fr uit husk was the best performing substrate with the highest total yield harvest (190.0g), biological efficiency (63.3%) and production rate (6.33%); banana leaves gave the lowest harvest yield (56.6g), biological efficiency (18.9%) and production rate (1.58%). Also, white maize was observed to have the greatest suitability for spawn production out of the five grains evaluated. Utilization of agro-waste as substrate will be of great importance in commercial cultivation of mushroom and bioconversion of agro-wastes .