I'm afraid to travel! Investigating the effect of perceived health risk on Malaysian travellers' post-pandemic perception and future travel intention (original) (raw)

The Effect of Perceived Risk, Perception of Covid-19, Subjective Norm, Financial Condition And Attitude on Tourists’ Behavioural Intention During Pandemic: Case of Malaysian Tourists

International Journal of Professional Business Review

Purpose: This study analyses the effect of perceived risk, perception of COVID-19, subjective norm, financial condition, and attitude on tourists’ behavioural intention during a pandemic by using the theory of planned behaviour as a model. In this study, independent variables are perceived risk, perception of COVID-19, financial condition, and attitude, while the behavioural intention is the dependent variable in the context of Malaysian tourists. Design/methodology/approach: This study used the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model as the explanatory power of tourists’ behavioural intention. A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed among Malaysian tourists travelling overseas. The data was distributed using the google form. To analyse the hypotheses, the researcher used the multiple regression linear to describe the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. Findings: The result of this study showed that attitude has the strongest level of significant e...

The impact of COVID-19 outbreak towards the post-pandemic leisure travel intention

Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Culinary Arts, 2021

There are studies related to COVID-19 pandemic across various sectors, including social, psychology, and specific industries, e.g., tourism. Several countries have imposed travel restrictions to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks and it may lead to travel behaviour changes for their residents. This research contributes to the existing knowledge by providing a new point of view, by extending the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) along with additional determinants of travellers' post-pandemic behavioural intentions, namely cognitive and affective risk perception and non-pharmaceutical interventions. This study focused on Indonesian residents who intended to travel abroad for vacation in 2020, but their plan was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using a convenience sampling technique and analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The PLS-SEM enables us to predict the key factors that affect post-pandemic travel intentions. The res...

Minimising perceived travel risk in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic to boost travel and tourism

Tourism Review

Purpose This study aims to confirm the expected impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) related to perceived travel risk on the likelihood of tourists to visit a destination. It then aims at identifying the key predictors of perceived travel risk in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. A theoretically grounded framework is proposed which can be further improved to understand and predict international travel behaviours within the context of global pandemics. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods design is adopted. In the first phase referred to as Study 1, a cross-sectional design is used based on a sample of 217 international outgoing tourists surveyed at the Mauritian International Airport and data is analysed using hierarchical regression. In Phase 2, referred to as Study 2, a purposive sample of tourists around the world are interviewed and data is analysed using the thematic analysis technique. Findings The results show that amongst those tourists who are willing to travel in ...

Effect of Covid-19 pandemic on tourist travel risk and management perceptions

PLOS ONE, 2021

This study aims to explore the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on tourists' travel risk and management perceptions. Driven on the effect of the pandemic, we investigate tourists' travel risk and management perceptions and its effect on society using a sample of 716 respondents. The data was collected through social media platforms using a representative sampling method and analyzed applying the PLS-SEM tool. The findings reveal that Covid-19 pandemic has greatly affected travel risk and management perceptions. Travel risk and management perception had a significant association with risk management, service delivery, transportation patterns, distribution channels, avoidance of overpopulated destinations, and hygiene and safety. The results also identified the mediating effect of travel risk and management perceptions. The finding of this study contributes to tourism crises and provides future research insights in the travel and tourism sector and response to change tourists' travel risk and management perceptions in the post-covid recovery period.

To Travel or Not: Travel Intention During Post-Pandemic Times

Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities

The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the tourism industry in various ways, including tourists’ travel intentions. Unlike previous studies that have focused on the dark side of the pandemic, this study adds the dimension of perceptions of information on COVID-19, social groups, and perceived travel risk to explore their influence on travel intention. A total of 250 valid questionnaires were collected from a sample of Malaysian private university students. The results showed that students’ traveling intention for local or international destination in the forthcoming year following the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak is significantly high. In addition, the travel intention of Malaysian students was formed from the direct roles of COVID-19 information, social groups, and perceived travel risks. Perhaps, these students start travel plans when they feel the pandemic was under control by the government especially the statistics of affected people revealed by the Ministry of Health shows a decre...

Tourists’ risk perception, travel behaviour and behavioural intention during the COVID-19

European Journal of Tourism Research

Considering the coronavirus risk, the purpose of the study is to reveal the group differences in travel risk perception, travel behaviour and behavioural intention in terms of the tourists’ sociodemographic characteristics – gender, age and past travel experience. A convenience sampling was used and members of the eligible travel groups on social media platforms were invited to respond to an online survey. A total of 160 responses were obtained from Turkey in January 2021. Exploratory factor analysis, independent samples t-tests and cross-tabulation analysis were performed to analyse the data. This study determined the differences in the risk perception of coronavirus, travel behaviour and travel intention of tourists in terms of gender and age of tourists. Although it is known that the higher the experience, the lower the risk perception, the study showed no differences associated with the past travel experience. This supposes that all tourists, regardless of their past experience,...

Exposure to Contagion: Perceived Risks and Travel Behavioural Shifts in Malaysia during COVID-19 Pandemic

Malaysian Journal of Science Health & Technology, 2021

At the beginning of March 2020, the Coronavirus pandemic was acknowledged as a great confrontation that shook the travel organisations’ core. Indeed, it provides such a profound disturbance to the industry. It gives a preview of Malaysian travellers’ discernments in a distinctive point of time - the times of the COVID-19 linked to the worldwide lockdown and restriction movement order. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between perceived risks and Malaysian travel behaviour due to the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies the risk factors that influenced Malaysian travel behaviour. This study was focused on a random sampling among Malaysians who had experienced the pleasure of travelling. The questionnaire was designed to measure travel behaviour and several perceived risks, including travel, psychological, safety, security, financial, and health. Ordered Probit regression and test statistic scores disclosed that perceived psychological risk, perceived financial risk, and per...

Tourists’ Revisit Intention During The Covid-19 Pandemic Recovery Phase And The Moderating Role Of Perceived Risk: The Case Of Kinabalu Mountain National Park In Sabah, Malaysia

2021

The outbreak in 2020 of the pandemic COVID-19 has affected not only the health of populations but also economies worldwide. Unprecedented global travel restrictions and movement control orders have severely disrupted global tourism and the global economy overall. This study examines how COVID-19 is affecting tourists’ travel behaviour and their preferences in the pandemic recovery phase, with emphasis on Kinabalu Mountain National Park in Sabah, Malaysia. It investigates the direct relationships between Motivation (MV), Demographic Characteristics (DC) and Destination Image (DI) and Revisit Intention (RI), and the moderating role of Perceived Risk (PR) on the relationship between these variables and RI. Results show that all variables have a significant relationship with RI, and PR moderates the relationships between RI and MV, DI and PR, but not DC. The findings offer important insights for owners and managers of tourism firms, researchers and policymakers. Tourism firms should als...

Intention to Revisit Malaysian Tourism in the Post COVID-19 Period

Conference Proceedings of the International Conference on Hospitality Management

Within the unprecedented situation, Malaysian rural tourism was badly hit by the COVID-19 outbreak that reverberated across the global economy. This study represents the interdependency of revisit intention that correlated with rural tourism stigma and trust to excess the COVID-19 preventive efforts in uplifting the rural tourism in the country. As Malaysian daily COVID-19 cases are under control starting from November 2021, it is the appropriate time to study on the intention to revisit. Theory of planned behavior was applied to define the likelihood of tourists revisiting the rural tourism destination after COVID-19 or in the future. Results indicate that the current development of pandemic arises the concern among tourists and influences their trust to revisit. 298 responses analyses to examined to impede meaningful investigation for regional planning and remote area tourism development from the views of stakeholders, the planning agencies, and communities. The result of the study has shown that attitude, fear of COVID-19, and compliance have a positive and significant influence on trust. Likewise, trust has a positive and significant influence on intention, while compliance has the strongest influence on trust. Hence, this study is essential to highlight factors hampering the COVID-19 pandemic on rural tourism in Malaysia.

Lessons from COVID-19: How the pandemic shaped tourists' travel intentions and willingness to fly

Cogent Social Sciences, 2024

This study investigated, using structural equation modelling, the causal relationships between tourists' perceived coViD-19 measures/situations, desire to travel, travel intention to destination, and willingness to fly. The moderating role of travel anxiety was also examined. Data were collected from 655 Thai tourists who had experienced air travel amid the coViD-19 pandemic in Thailand. The results showed the direct effects of perceived coViD-19 measures/situations on desire and travel intention but not on willingness to fly. Desire to travel mediated the relationships between perceived coViD-19 measures/situations and travel intention and between such perceptions and willingness to fly. results also revealed the direct effect of travel intention on the willingness to fly. The moderating role of travel anxiety was identified in determining the relationship between perceived coViD-19 measures/situations and desire to travel. The study offers insights into restoring tourists' confidence to travel during and after the pandemic and mitigating the negative impacts of an identical situation in the future.