A study of aerobic bacterial profile and their antibiogram in patients with chronic osteomyelitis with special references to staphylococcus aureus (original) (raw)
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Journal of Infection, 2010
This study describes the microbiological spectrum of chronic osteomyelitis and so guides the choice of empirical antibiotics for this condition. Methods: We performed a prospective review of a 166 prospective patient series of chronic osteomyelitis from Oxford, UK in which a standardised surgical sampling protocol was used. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was most commonly isolated (32%) amongst a wide range of organisms including gram negative bacilli, anaerobes and coagulase negative staphylococci. Low grade pathogens were not confined to patients with a history of metalwork, a high proportion of cases were polymicrobial (29%) and culture negative cases were common (28%). No clear predictors of causative organism could be established. Many isolates were found to be resistant to commonly used empirical anti-microbial regimens. Conclusions: The wide range of causative organisms and degree of resistance to commonly used anti-microbials supports the importance of extensive intra-operative sampling and provides important information to guide clinicians' choice of empirical antibiotics.
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Objective: Chronic osteomyelitis is the infection and inflammation of the bone. Inappropriate use of antibiotics and multidrug resistance has raised the morbidity and mortality rate in chronic osteomyelitis. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of chronic osteomyelitis with special mention to various resistant mechanisms. Methods: The study is a prospective design. Hundred (100) clinically diagnosed cases of chronic osteomyelitis of all age group and both sex admitted in a tertiary care hospital at central India, in one year were included. Samples like pus, sinus discharge or exudates were collected aseptically and sent for microbiological investigation. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates to the commonly used antibiotics was done by using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: The aerobic bacteriological study of chronic osteomyelitis showed Staphylococcus aureus is being continued to be major etio...
The Antibiotic Use in Osteomyelitis Infection: A Systematic Review
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021
Introduction: Osteomyelitis is a serious infection of the bone. One of the therapies for osteomyelitis is antibiotic treatment. Antibiotic treatment has evolved substantially, but bone infections are still a challenge. Antimicrobial therapy is also difficult, caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms. Therefore, a systematic review is needed to assess antibiotic use in osteomyelitis infection. Method: Articles were searched using Pubmed with keywords “antibiotics”, “osteomyelitis”, and its combination. The authors used five years publication date and English language to select the appropriate journal. Result: The author identified 13 relevant articles with antibiotics use in osteomyelitis. All of the cases were about chronic osteomyelitis and osteomyelitis in diabetic foot ulcers. Osteomyelitis in other sites of long bones needs longer duration treatment than long bone osteomyelitis. In acute osteomyelitis in children, antibiotic treatment can switch from IV to oral antibiotics. Fur...
Antibiotics for treating chronic osteomyelitis in adults
Reviews, 1996
Chronic osteomyelitis is generally treated with antibiotics and surgical debridement but can persist intermittently for years with frequent therapeutic failure. Despite advances in both antibiotics and surgical treatment, the long-term recurrence rate remains at approximately 20% to 30%.
Pathophysiology of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis. Why do antibiotics fail so often?
Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2000
In this review the pathophysiology of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis is summarised, focusing on how bacteria succeed so often in overcoming both host defence mechanisms and antibiotic agents. Bacteria adhere to bone matrix and orthopaedic implants via receptors to fibronectin and to other structural proteins. They subsequently elude host defences and antibiotics by "hiding" intracellularly, by developing a slimy coat, or by acquiring a very slow metabolic rate. The presence of an orthopaedic implant also causes a local polymorphonuclear cell defect, with decreased ability to kill phagocytosed bacteria. Osteolysis is determined locally by the interaction of bacterial surface components with immune system cells and subsequent cytokine production. The increasing development of antibiotic resistance by Staphylococcus aureus and S epidermidis will probably make conservative treatment even less successful than it is now. A close interaction between orthopaedic surgeons and physicians, with combined medical and operative treatment, is to be commended. (Postgrad Med J 2000;76:479-483)
Tropical Doctor, 2020
Chronic osteomyelitis is a relapsing, persistent, low-grade inflammation of bone caused by various infectious agents. The present study, conducted over a two-year period, on specimens received from cases of chronic osteomyelitis was, to determine the frequency of isolation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and to analyse their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Specimens were processed for Gram stain, aerobic and anaerobic culture, and were identified according to standard techniques. Significant growth was observed in 102/204 specimens, in which aerobic growth was observed in 62 (60.8%) and anaerobic in 40 (39.2%). Resistance to metronidazole and clindamycin was observed in 6.7% and 30% of the anaerobic isolates, respectively. None of these were resistant to meropenem. A significant proportion of anaerobic isolates were found to be resistant to commonly used empirical drugs, such as clindamycin, thus necessitating a need for routine anaerobic susceptibility testing.