In Vitro Analysis of the Anti-viral Potential of nasal spray constituents against SARS-CoV-2 (original) (raw)
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The effects of ethyl lauroyl arginine hydrochloride (ELAH) in nasal spray formula on SARS-Cov-2
2021
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In vivo (human) and in vitro inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 with 0.5% povidone-iodine nasal spray
Australian Journal of Otolaryngology
Background: Nasal disinfection with 0.5% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) may be a useful adjunct in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this article is to confirm the in vitro activity of the PVP-I nasal spray against SARS-CoV-2 and whether that may translate into reduced nasal shedding in vivo. Methods: Two SARS-CoV-2 virus isolates were exposed to 0.5% PVP-nasal spray (Nasodine®) for different times in vitro, with PCR and cell culture used to assess impact on viral infectivity and RNA copies. An open label in vivo single arm pilot study of 14 subjects with positive COVID-19 PCR diagnosis was undertaken. Baseline nasal swabs were collected to quantify SARS-CoV-2 pre-treatment, followed by a single 0.5% PVP nasal spray application (1.12 mL). Nasal swabs were collected at 5, 15, and 60 minutes post-dose to assess immediate and residual impact of treatment. Results: In vitro, the nasal spray reduced infectivity by 3.5 log10 TCID 50 /mL (99.97%) after 15 seconds exposure and eliminated detectable viral infectivity after 60 seconds; there was no effect on viral RNA detection by PCR. In vivo, culturable virus (VOC beta/B.1.351 variant) was obtained from 6 of 14 PCRconfirmed positive subjects; in these subjects, 5 minutes after the single PVP-I dose, the mean viral titre was reduced by 65% versus baseline and by 79% versus baseline at 60 minutes post-dose. 5 of the 6 subjects (83%), had reduction or cessation of viral shedding at 5 minutes in all 6 subjects, virus titers 60 minutes post-dose were below baseline value. 0.5% PVP-I treatment didn't interfere with the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 via PCR-detection of viral RNA in humans. Conclusions: 0.5% PVP-I nasal spray is rapidly virucidal to SARS-CoV-2 in vitro using exposure times consistent with nasal residence; single in vivo nasal administration reduced infectious viral titers in COVID-19 subjects with culturable virus. A single application of 0.5% PVP-I nasal spray does not interfere with PCR-mediated laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19. We are undertaking a large double blinded randomized controlled trial to confirm if repeated application of 0.5% PVP-I nasal spray over a longer period could be useful in suppressing viral shedding and transmission risk in COVID-positive patients.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
The nasal epithelium is a key portal for infection by respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and represents an important target for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. In the present study, we test the safety and efficacy of a newly developed nasal spray (AM-301, marketed as Bentrio) against infection by SARS-CoV-2 and its Delta variant on an in vitro 3D-model of the primary human nasal airway epithelium. Safety was assessed in assays for tight junction integrity, cytotoxicity and cilia beating frequency. Efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated in pre-viral load and post-viral load application on airway epithelium. No toxic effects of AM-301 on the nasal epithelium were found. Prophylactic treatment with AM-301 significantly reduced viral titer vs. controls over 4 days, reaching a maximum reduction of 99% in case of infection from the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 variant and more than 83% in case of the Delta variant. When AM-301 administration was started 24 h after inf...
2021
BackgroundFor SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses, the nasal epithelium is a key portal for infection. Therefore, the nose is an important target of prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against these viruses. We developed a nasal spray (AM-301, a medical device marketed as Bentrio) to protect against infection by SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other viruses.Aims of the studyTo test the safety and efficacy of AM-301 against SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsAM-301 was tested on an in vitro 3D model of primary human nasal airway epithelium. Safety was assessed in assays for tight junction integrity, cytotoxicity and cilia beating frequency. Efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated in prophylaxis and infection mitigation assays.ResultsAM-301 did not have any detrimental effect on the nasal epithelium. Prophylactic treatment with AM-301 reduced viral titer significantly vs. controls over 4 days, reaching a maximum reduction of 99%. When treatment with AM-301 was started 24 o...
Iota-carrageenan and Xylitol inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture
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A novel antiviral formulation inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection of human bronchial epithelium
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A pilot study of 0.4% povidone-iodine nasal spray to eradicate SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx
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