Particleboards Engineered Through Separate Layer Bonding (original) (raw)
Related papers
2012
Single layer kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) core particleboards bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF), phenol formaldehyde (PF) and polymeric 4,4-methyl phenylmethane di-isocyanate (PMDI) resins were manufactured. The boards were fabricated with three different densities i.e 350 kg/m 3 , 450 kg/m 3 and 550 kg/m 3. Each type of the resin used was sprayed at three different resin loadings on the kenaf core particles. The boards produced was evaluated for its modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB), screw withdrawal (SWD), water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) in accordance with the British Standards. The study revealed that boards with higher resin contents gave higher MOR, MOE, internal bond and screw withdrawal and also improved the water absorption and thickness swelling. Similar trend was also observed from boards with higher densities. It is concluded that the boards with the density of 550 kg/m 3 were able to fulfill the British Standard specifications.
This study investigated the effect of kenaf parts (kenaf whole stem, kenaf core, and kenaf bast) on the mechanical and physical properties of single-layer and three-layer particleboards made from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis). The findings showed that the use of kenaf whole stem, which consists of both core and bast, had a positive effect on the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB), permeability, thickness swelling (TS), and water absorption (WA) values of single-layer and three-layer panels. Single-layer admixture panels made from a combination of 70% rubberwood and 30% kenaf had greater strength and stability than single-layer homogeneous panels. The presence of rubberwood particles on surface layers significantly improved the elastic properties of three-layer panels. Panels with kenaf whole stem in the middle layer had better performance than panels with kenaf core. The MOE values of 35RW-30KWS-35RW panels were 56% and 79%, which were higher than those comprising single layers of 100% KWS and 100% KC, respectively. This study suggests that kenaf whole stem is the preferred material to be used in particleboard manufacture incorporated with rubberwood as an admixture for three-layer panels.
World Applied Sciences Journal, 2012
This study was carried out to investigate the feasibility of using tree prunings of seven wood species available in Saudi Arabia to manufacture three-layered resin-bonded particleboard. The wood species used were J. procera as softwood species collected from Al-Baha region, southwest of the kingdom and six hardwood species viz., A. salicina, C. erectus, F. altissima, L. glauca, P. dulce and T. aphylla collected from different sites of Riyadh city during year 2011. Boards were pressed at target density level of 750 kg m and the resin content for core and surfaces was 8 and 10%, 3 respectively based on oven dry weight. The press conditions were 150 °C, 3.5 MPa and 8 min. Mechanical properties in static bending (MOR and MOE), tensile strength perpendicular to board surface (IB) and screw holding power were determined. In addition, water absorption and thickness swelling were also determined after 2 and 24 h water immersion. Chemical constitutents of wood had the highest effects on the properties of the produced particleboard. Results indicated that the suitability of waste material to manufacture high-quality particleboards with high strength and dimensional properties and points to a need of future research along that line. Additional treatments might be needed such as coating surface with melamine-impregnated paper or chemical modification of particles to improve the panel quality especially their dimensional stability.
Wood waste materials such as flakes, particles, sawdust, planer shaving, which are residues from furniture industry can be utilized to manufacture many composites such as particleboard. The most commonly used particleboard has three layers: two face layers and one core layer. The face layers consist of fine particles and the core layer is made of coarse particles.This study aimed to show the effect of shelling ratio and particle characteristic on physical properties of three-layer particleboard with high density core and different particles on surface layers. The materials used in this study were hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) strand and knife-milled Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga manziesii) as surface layers and hammer-milled matoa (Pometia sp.) as core layer. The wood particles were collected from a wood company. Adhesive used was MDI resin (methylene diphenyl diisocyanate) with 6 % content in mat preparation. The pressing conditions were: temperature 180°C, pressure 3 MPa and pressing t...
Materials
Reducing the density of wood-based materials is a desirable research direction in the development of the wood-based materials sector. Even though lightweight wooden particleboards have been commercially available for many years, they still have a number of disadvantages, especially their low strength parameters. The aim of this paper was to determine the possibility of producing particleboards of reduced density for use in the furniture industry, as a result of using expanded polystyrene and two types of microspheres (expanded and unexpanded) to modify the core layer of three-layer particleboards. Analysis of the results of testing the particleboards’ properties when using various types of modifiers (expanded and unexpanded fillers), urea formaldehyde (UF) glue content (high: 10%/12% and low: 8%/10%), various glue-dosing methods, and different particle sizes, allows us to conclude that the most satisfactory effect was found when using EPS. One partly positive effect was observed whe...
Elastic properties of the layers of three-layer particleboards
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 2010
Elastic properties of the face and core layers of commercial three-layer particleboards were examined. The method of compressing the block specimens glued from strips of layers separated from boards, and measuring specimen deformations by the electric resistance strain gauge technique was used. The layers were assumed to be orthotropic materials and the set of elastic constants were determined for both the face and core layers.
STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF THREE-LAYER PARTICLEBOARDS WITH WASTE FIBER REINFORCEMENT: A REVIEW
Population growth and level of urbanization have increased particleboard demand, demonstrating an increase in price and deforestation. The present study reviews the feasibility of three-layer particleboards reinforced with waste fibers as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to building material technology. Also, it investigates chemical properties, including the level of cellulose and lignin from various waste fibers, such as rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, and deciduous wood fiber. Furthermore, this review evaluates the three-layer particleboard's functionality as well as its mechanical and physical properties. This investigation delves into the innovative use of eco-friendly panels derived from agriculture, the food industry, and wood-based waste materials. A significant finding of this study is that the enhanced threelayer particleboards not only meet but sometimes exceed the minimum standards set by various international guidelines for general purposes, including ANSI A-208 1-1999. Also, the results indicate that the face layers present higher elastic properties compared to the core layer; this includes Young's moduli, Posson's ratio, and shear moduli. This indicates that it is feasible to replace traditional wood fibers as a raw material with certain organic waste materials while maintaining or even improving the performance of conventional particleboards. This advancement has significant implications for improving the structural performance of three-layer particleboards made from waste materials. This is not only in line with global sustainability goals to improve resource management but also an innovative approach to waste management across industries and forestry conservation. As a result, this research marks a substantial step in developing building materials that allow sustainable construction methods and promote the circular economy.
J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage., 2023
The aim of this research work was to optimize the production of particle boards from agricultural waste (wood chips). The mechanical properties investigated were the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR). The production of particle boards was investigated under the following conditions: stacking time (14-21days), resin loading (386-463 g) and amount of agro residue (154-185 g) using Box-Behnken design. Statistically significant models (p<0.05) were developed to represent the relationship between the responses (MOE and MOR) and the independent variables. Both models showed significant fit with experimental data with R 2 values of 0.99 and 0.97 respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that MOE and MOR were influenced by the stacking time, amount of resin and agro residue used. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the MOE and MOR and the optimization results showed that the maximum MOE and MOR values of 1114.09N/mm 2 and 9.34 N/mm 2 were respectively obtained at the optimum production conditions of stacking time, resin loading and amount of agro residue (i.e. 21days, 462.82g and 185.00 g respectively). The particle board produced at the optimized conditions satisfied the American National Standard Institute ANSI/A208.1-1999 specification for general purpose particle boards.
Study of the production process of 3-layer sugarcane-bamboo-based particleboards
Construction and Building Materials, 2018
h i g h l i g h t s 3-layer sugarcane-bamboo-based particleboard: viability and performance. Study of two production processes of 3-layer sugarcane-bamboo-based particleboard. 3-layer sugarcane-bamboo-based particleboards met the ANSI Standards requirements. Pressing in each layer decreased mechanical properties of 3-layer particleboard.
Improving core bond strength of particleboard through particle size redistribution
Wood and Fiber …, 2008
Novel particleboard furnish mixtures were formulated to improve the core-bonding and screw-holding of industrial particleboard without increasing resin content or board density. Single-layer (uniform vertical density with core furnish only) and conventional 3-layer particleboards were manufactured at two density levels from four novel mixes plus control (unscreened industrial core furnish). Board mean and core density, internal bond strength, edge screw withdrawal resistance, and moduli of rupture and elasticity were measured. The core of commercial furniture-grade particleboard appears to contain too many fine particulates and insufficient coarser particles. Uniform density profile single-layer boards containing novel mixes with higher-coarse (>2 mm) and lower-fines (<1-2 mm) fractions than industrial furnish had higher bond strength and screw-holding. In three-layer boards of low target density, replacing 20% fines particle content of the total furnish with coarse particles increased internal bond strength by 40% and screwholding by 18%. The results from this study suggest that not only fines content but also the ratio of all particle-size fractions strongly affect particle packing-efficiency and bond strength. This suggests that industrial particleboard core furnish be screened into three size-fractions, and some of the fines replaced with two coarser-particle fractions.