The costs of SME’s financial distress: a cross-country analysis (original) (raw)
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African Journal of Business Management
This study aims to identify a number of qualitative and quantitative elements that affect financial distress costs between Italian and German small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We propose a model that interprets "expected costs" as the product between "expected financial distress likelihood" and "total amount of financial distress costs due to insolvency". The model is estimated using panel data methodology on samples from two European countries (Italy and Germany). The results indicate that expected costs depend on the use of derivative financial instruments, use of intangible assets and the relation with local banks (small local banks rather than large banking groups); in particular, the results obtained from crosscountry comparison shows that German SMEs (or Mittelstand companies) have characteristics that limit financial distress costs. It should be emphasized that the present work limits its field of investigation to a few variables without fully addressing other elements of uncertainty which may adversely affect the expected cost of financial distress in SMEs. This work will be useful to stimulate debate on policies to support SMEs. The originality of this study is to focus on determinants of financial distress in SMEs using panel data methodology.
Global Crisis and Financial Distress Likelihood of SMEs
Advances in finance, accounting, and economics book series, 2018
In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, this chapter sheds light on the determinants of the financial distress costs between Italian and German small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The authors propose an innovative formulation of the expected costs originated by financial distress expressed as the product of the expected financial distress likelihood times the total amount of the financial distress costs if insolvency does occur. The model is estimated using panel data methodology on samples from two European countries (Italy and Germany). The results indicate that the amount of ex-post costs depends on derivative financial instruments, intangible assets, and relation with local banks (small local banks rather than large banking groups).
2012
Financial distress in SMEs is a common phenomenon across the world, which has been a subject matter of academicians, professionals and government. Although SMEs are contributing to the economy in the form of employment, supply of products and services by using indigenous technologies, social entrepreneurship, income generating activities etc. SMEs are found most vulnerable to the macro-economic as well as internal management crises. Consequently, they fall into financial distress. In view of this, the present study has been undertaken aiming at identifying the causes of financial distress in SMEs of Bangladesh. The study has employed both financial and statistical techniques for analyzing the data collected for the study. The study has identified some potential problem areas related to financial distress such as rate adequacy, sales trends, indebtedness, management capability, financial planning, etc. The study has also identified some most important causes of financial distress such as fund management & resource crunch, poor accounting system, poor financial control, poor productivity and profitability and management succession. The study has finally come out some strategic and policy related measures for both viable and financially distressed SMEs for preventing them from the exposition to financial and operating risk.
Predictors of Financially Distressed Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Case of Malaysia
This study aims to investigate factors contributing to financial distress among manufacturing SMEs. By employing the logistic regression, we find that age, size, debt ratio, sales to total assets and net income to share capital could predict financially distressed SMEs for the 4-year prior to distress model. However, 3-year prior to distress, more variables, namely age, size, debt ratio, short-term to total liabilities, current ratio and EBIT to total assets, are found to be significant. As companies are nearer to distress situation, less number but important variables emerged. Two year prior to distress, age, debt ratio and EBIT to total assets remained significant while one year prior to distress, only debt ratio could predict financially distressed companies. This ratio is found to be consistently significant in all periods.
Determinants and Predictors of SMEs’ Financial Failure: A Logistic Regression Approach
Risks, 2020
This paper aims to identify the determinants and predictors of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)’ financial failure. Within this framework, we have opted for a quantitative method based on a sample of healthy and failing SMEs of a Moroccan bank. The main results of the different optimal models are obtained by the stepwise method of estimating logistic regression. These results show, in a normal economic context, that the variables that discriminate between healthy and failing SMEs are the main predictors of financial failure. Autonomy ratio, interest to sales, asset turnover, days in accounts receivable, and duration of trade payables are the variables that increase the probability of financial failure, while repayment capacity and return on assets reduce the probability of failure. These variables present an overall classification rate of healthy and failing SMEs of 91.11% three years before failure and of 84.44% two years and one year before failure.
THE SURVIVAL OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS
POLISH JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, 2019
Small and Medium Businesses (SMEs) in developing countries are always associated with economic and social problems (for example: poverty, unemployment, economic inequality). Therefore, the development of this business is expected to contribute positively to these issues. In order to realize this, SMEs must be sustainable, at least they must be able to avoid financial distress. Financial distress occurs when a company is unable to fulfill its obligations. This study aims at analyzing the survival time and determinants of financial distress from SMEs in Indonesia. Purposive sampling used in the data of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange produced 34 samples of SMEs. The survival analysis used because it is more consistent and accurate. The Cox Hazard Model was used and found the fact that for SMEs in Indonesia, the probability of experiencing financial distress after eight years was small. Age and Net working capital to total assets negatively affected financial distress, while inflation and economic growth had a positive effect on SMEs financial distress in Indonesia. Therefore, it is important for companies to survive for up to eight years by having optimum working capital, since macro factors are difficult to control by the companies. The policy makers are recommended to keep monitoring inflation and economic growth so that Indonesian SMEs can survive.
The determinants of the costs of financial distress in SMEs
International Small Business Journal, 2014
This study emphasizes the concept of variform universality and considers whether colonialism may be one of the cultural drivers of such divergence. We use a well-established methodology to explore the personal entrepreneurial networks of Cypriots with those of their Greek and English counterparts. We suggest that entrepreneurial networking exhibits variform universality, whereby patterns obtain across nations, moderated by culture. We conclude by relating these tentative findings to other work suggesting that power-related phenomena may be important in shaping variform universality in entrepreneurial networks. We recommend post-colonial theory as a promising path to explore these in-between social spaces where the entrepreneurship of the dominated is enacted.
Parametric Conditions of High Financial Risk in the SME Sector
Risks, 2019
The sector of SME is the major force for the national economic and social development. Financial risk is one of the key threats to the activity of small and medium enterprises. The most common manifestation of the financial risk of SMEs is difficulty in financing the business and lack of funds for development. Banks are unwilling to grant loans to such companies. Moreover, it is the rising operating costs that cause shrinking profits, which may result in corporate debt, difficulty in debt repayment, and consequently, high financial risk of these entities. Numerous differences in conducting the activity of small and large enterprises intensify this risk and mean that the model of credit financing for companies is not adjusted to the capabilities and principles of the operation of small enterprises. Therefore, risk management is one of the most important internal processes in small and medium enterprises. The identification of factors that affect the level of financial risk in these e...
Size Effect, Financial Characteristics And Insolvency Profiles Among The Smes In Malaysia
2011
This study makes an attempt to analyze the effect of size on financial characteristics and insolvency of small medium enterprises. The conceptual framework is designed using the right measures, variables, concepts and models. A total sample of 229 businesses is considered consisting of small (57), medium (111) and large (61) SMEs. Non-parametric statistical techniques are used for empirical testing. The results indicate that size effect is significant only on profitability measures. There are no significant differences among the small, medium and large SMEs with regard to insolvency scores. In general, about 55 per cent of the large SMEs fall under the bankruptcy category, as compared to 39 per cent of the small SMEs and about 47 per cent of the medium SMEs. Large SMEs face greater financial risk and thus, face greater insolvency. Keywords: SMEs, size, insolvency
Analysis of Financial Distress and its Determinants in Selected SMEs in Wolaita Zone
2016
The development of SMEs is considered as one of vital determinants of the growth of Ethiopian economy, and for secure equitable distribution of the benefits of the economic growth. However, SMEs in the country are leveled as not performing well and falling short of yielding the much anticipated contribution for the growth of the economy as they are expected. This study is conducted to analyze financial distress level of SMEs in Wolaita Zone and indentify those factors affecting their financial health. In this study 30 firms form three sectors are selected as samples selecting ten samples from each of manufacturing, service and trade sector using purposive sampling method. Accordingly, the results of Altman’s Zeta Score Model analysis indicate that three of the ten selected firms in the service sectors are found to be financially distressed, but none of the sampled SMEs in the sector are below the bankruptcy point. In manufacturing sector, one of the ten selected SMEs is found with t...