A Review of Spouse’s Reactions to Menopausal-Related Changes (original) (raw)
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The attitudes of menopausal women and their spouses towards menopause
Clinical and experimental obstetrics & gynecology
Objective: Menopausal experience and symptom reporting of the women was reported to be affected by their attitudes to menopause which in tum is influenced by a range of variables. In this study, we primarily tried to investigate the attitudes of women and their spouses towards menopause. The other aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between menopausal altituldgs and_menopausal,symptom experience, depression and anxiety scores of the participants. Method: The sample incluied 60 physiological menopausal women and their spouses. Socio-demographic data were obtained with a questionnaire. The menopausal 'symptoms were measured through the Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS). The women and their spouses were administered the Attitudes Towards Menopause Scale (ATMS), Beck Depression Inventory @DI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Reszlrs.'Both the menopausal women and their spouses had a positive attitude towards menopause. The women had a mean total score of 16.36 + 7.62 on MRS (moderate). The mean somatic, psychological and urogenital sub-scores of MRS were 6.43 r 3.23 (moderate),5.97 t 3.33 (moderate), and 3.93 + 2.77 (moderate), respectively. There were no significant differences in BDI scores bi:tween the women and their spouses. However, the scores of BAI were more likely to be higher in women than their spouses (p < 0.0001). The current study revealed a significant positive correlation between MRS scores and BAI and BDI scores of the women. A significant negative correlation was found with the scores oiATMS, and scores of MRS in women. The scores of AIMS in men weie significanlly and negatively correlated with the total, somatic, and urogenital subscale scores of MRS in women. Conclusion: The main findine of this study was that both the menopausal women and their spouses had a positive attitude towards menopause. We also found that, the women who had more negative attitudes towards menopause reported more severe menopausal symptoms. Our results also demonstrated that the severity of menopausal complaints might be related to the attitudes of the husbands towards menopause.
Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery, 2021
Women are subject to extensive changes during menopause. Life crises such as menopause can affect women's health and is a turning point in their lives. The husbands are the most important and closest people who can support their wives in this evolutionary crisis with their correct understanding of the situation. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of husbands' awareness of the physical and psychological experiences of postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 150 married postmenopausal women in Kashmar City, Iran, in 2019. The husbands of the intervention group received three sessions (60 minutes) of the menopause training program with oneweek intervals. The spouses of both groups received routine care at the health center. The questionnaire of psychological and physical experiences of postmenopausal women and measuring men's awareness of menopause in both groups was completed before the intervention and one month after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of the Chi-square, paired t-test, independent t-test, and analysis of covariance. Results: The Mean±SD age of women in the intervention group was 51.13±2.68 years, and their Mean±SD menopausal age was 49.09±2.60 years. The Mean±SD score of menopausal experiences before the intervention was 144.99±38.09 in the intervention group and 143.47±28.48 in the control group and 105.53(35.41) in the intervention group, and 118.82 (82.21) in the control group. The statistical test showed that the mean score of menopausal experiences and the range of adaptation after the intervention and also between the two groups have statistically significant differences with each other (P=0.001). Conclusion: Menopause has adverse physical and psychological symptoms. An intervention program to increase the awareness of men during menopause reduces negative menopausal experiences in women.
Women's experience and attitudes towards menopause and health: descriptive research
Obzornik zdravstvene nege, 2016
Introduction: The physiological changes in hormonal levels occurring during perimenopause and postmenopause may affect the health of women. The purpose of the research was to explore the views and attitudes of women of this stage towards menopause, health, healthy lifestyle and some aspects of information regarding menopause. Methods: The study was based on a quantitative and qualitative approach. A semi-structured questionnaire (Cronbach α = 0.813) was used as a research instrument. The open question was interpreted by a qualitative method. A random systematic sample consisted of one hundred female patients, aged 45 to 60 years, attending a private healthcare institution. The survey was conducted in October 2014. The data collected were processed with the software Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 20.0. Results: The self-reported health status of the respondents was good (57.3 %) or very good (22.3 %). The most commonly cited symptoms included hot flushes and night sweats (= 2.73), sleep problems (= 2.8), and mental and physical exhaustion (= 2.70). Information from nurses was never sought by 57.6 % and occasionally by 9.8 % of the respondents, although the interviewees expressed the need for more comprehensive information on the subject. The identified subcategories include a positive attitude and self-confidence, support of the environment, consumer health information and healthy lifestyle. Discussion and conclusion: The research participants have a positive attitude to health, they are aware that there is much they can do to maintain and improve their health. As they also expressed the need to be better informed, the scope of nurses' work in referential outpatient clinics may be extended to menopausal counselling. However, more research on this topic needs to be undertaken. IZVLEČEK Uvod: Obdobje perimenopavze in pomenopavze vpliva na zdravje žensk. Namen raziskave je bil raziskati stališča in odnos žensk do tega obdobja, do zdravja in do zdravega življenjskega sloga ter nekatere vidike informiranosti. Metode: Raziskava temelji na kvantitativnem in kvalitativnem pristopu. Uporabljen je bil delno strukturirani vprašalnik (Cronbach α = 0,813). Opisno vprašanje je bilo interpretirano s kvalitativno metodo. Uporabljen je bil slučajnostni sistematični vzorec stotih pacientk zasebne zdravstvene ustanove, vključitveni kriterij je bil starost od 45 do 60 let. Anketiranje je bilo izvedeno oktobra 2014. Podatki so bili obdelani s programskim orodjem Microsoft Excel in SPSS verzija 20.0. Rezultati: Anketiranke ocenjujejo svoje zdravje kot dobro (57,3 %) oziroma zelo dobro (22,3 %). Največ težav imajo z vročinskimi oblivi in navali znojenja (= 2,73), s spanjem (= 2,8) ter s psihično in fizično izčrpanostjo (= 2,70). Pri medicinski sestri informacij nikoli ni iskalo 57,6 % vprašanih in nobena od njih pogosto, občasno pa le 9,8 % vprašanih, kljub temu da so anketiranke izpostavile problem premajhne informiranosti. Prepoznane podkategorije so pozitivna naravnanost in samozaupanje, podpora okolice, informiranost in zdrav življenjski slog. Diskusija in zaključek: Anketiranke imajo pozitiven odnos do zdravja, zavedajo se, da za svoje zdravje lahko veliko storijo same. Izražena je potreba po večji informiranosti, zato je pomembno, da se aktivnosti diplomirane medicinske sestre v referenčni ambulanti razširijo tudi na področje svetovanja glede menopavze. Potrebne so nadaljnje raziskave na tem področju.
Attitude toward menopause among married middle-aged adults
Women & health, 2002
One-hundred and sixty-nine-married couples participated in a study designed to examine the relationship of menopausal attitude to the frequency of menopausal symptoms at midlife. Participants completed the Bowles' (1986a) Menopause Attitude Scale and a modified version of the Menopausal Symptoms Checklist . Wives expressed a more positive attitude toward menopause than their husbands, and wives reported experiencing more menopausal symptoms than their husbands perceived them as having. Post-menopausal women expressed a more positive attitude toward menopause than peri-menopausal women or women who had experienced surgical menopause. For both men and women, a positive attitude toward menopause was associated with women who reported fewer menopausal symptoms. A preliminary Structural Equation Model is presented as an effort to further stimulate the development of a theoretical model of attitude toward menopause among middle-aged married couples.
Women's Experiences about Menopause and Related Factors
Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2017
Introduction: Women’s quality of life following menopause is influenced not only by physical and psychosocial factors, but also by menopause-related concerns, their feelings and attitude and adjustment to menopause. The aim of the present study was to assess women’s experiences after menopause and its related factors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in 2016 on 350 menopausal women referred to 12 health centers affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Subjects were recruited using a two-stage sampling method, and data were collected through interview using two questionnaires, including a demographic questionnaire and a valid and reliable questionnaire, the “assessment of women’s experiences in after menopause”. Data was analyzed using Pearson and spearman correlation coefficient, one way ANOVA and multiple linear regression statistical methods. Results: Assessment of women’s experiences in after menopause revealed a total score of 34.9±16.9 percent (Mean±SD). Scores for the domains of women’s experiences in menopause were 42.8±19.3% for physical complications, 34.8±26.4% for negative attitudes, 34.1±27.5% negative feelings, 32.7±19.6% for concerns, 33.2±28.2% for adjustment, and 29.5±24.3% for psychological complications. Duration of menopause was the only predicting factor for total score of women’s experiences in menopause, i.e., with addition of one year to duration of menopause, the total score decreased by 1 point. Conclusion: Duration of menopause was the only predicting factor for the total score of women’s experiences. Future policies and programs for improving quality of life of women after menopause should concentrate on decreasing menopause related physical complications, negative attitudes and feelings, concerns and psychological complications.
Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women and Their Spouses: A Community-Based Study
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 2015
Background: Most women spend more than one-third of their lives after menopause. Due to physiologic changes in that period, menopause can cause a series of symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms, psychologic problems, and sexual dysfunction, which can affect the women's quality of life (QoL) and other family members, especially their spouse. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the association between the QoL of postmenopausal women and their husbands. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-inferential cross-sectional study was conducted according to the census of 2006 in Iran. A total of 400 postmenopausal women aging 50 to 59 years and their spouses in 80 cluster heads of Ilam City residents were selected and studied in collaboration with the Statistical Center of Iran. The required data were gathered using the short-form health survey (SF-36) questionnaire and demographic questionnaire developed by the researcher-trained interviewers. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 through Kruskal Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and correlation. Results: The participants' mean age was 54.2 ± 2.8 years for women and 61.1 ± 6.1 years for their spouses. More than half of the women (57%) and about one-third of men (32.8%) were illiterate. The employed educated women aging 50 to 54 years had a higher mean score of SF-36 domains. The difference in education was significant in all domains except for mental health. There was a significant difference in age in all domains except in general health. The mean score of all domains of QoL was significantly less in the illiterate men than in the literate ones (P < 0.05). The results of the present study showed a significant correlation (P < 0.05) between the couples' QoL, vasomotor symptoms, and aging. Spearman test showed a significant positive correlation in all domains of QoL between postmenopausal women and their spouses (correlation coefficient, 0.48-0.63). Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study and other performed studies in this regard, menopause, aging, vasomotor symptoms, and education had significant association with the QoL of postmenopausal women. The reduced QoL in postmenopausal women could eventually lead to the reduced QoL of their spouses. Therefore, it is necessary to plan for the education of these women and their husbands to broaden their understanding of the changes of menopause and ways to improve their QoL.
Association between Menopausal Symptoms, Quality Of Life and Marital Adaptation among Working Women
IOSR Journals , 2019
Back ground: Menopause is a significant landmark for all women. It is a universal event that occurs within a long process of climacteric changes. Quality of life is a multidimensional health concept which represents mainly subjective symptoms that may influence the sense of well being and day- to- day function. Women may experience significant quality of life and marital relation changes during menopause, only few researches have quantified these changes Aim of the study: To assess association between menopausal symptoms , quality of life and marital adaptation among working women. A descriptive correlation research design was carried out in the present study started by the beginning of July 2018 and continued until the end of September 2018. Setting: The study was conducted in all departments of Damanhour University directory. Subjects: A convenient sample of 200 female at the menopausal age in the previously mentioned settings was selected. Tool: Data was collected through four tools, A Structured interview schedule, Greene Climacteric Scale, dyadic adjustment scale and quality of life scale. Results: the study results revealed that more than one third (39%) of the study subjects aged from 45 to less than 50 yrs, less than half (49.5%) had university education, more than two thirds (68.5%) were originally urban dwellers, more than three quarters (77.5%) reported that the menopausal symptoms were quite a bit bothering, and most commonly acknowledge symptoms were psychological symptoms then somatic and lastly vasomotor and sexual symptoms. Regarding quality of life, more than one half (52%) scored their feeling as mostly satisfied, less than three quarters (74%) had moderate marital adaptation, there were a statistically significant differences between quality of life and severity of menopausal symptoms (0.013*), severity of menopausal symptoms and marital adaptation (0.004*), and quality of life and marital adaptation (0.000**). Conclusion: Menopause is negatively affecting the quality of life and marital relation.
Background: The menopause is a time in a woman's life when it is recognized that biological and social changes can influence upon their quality of life. While most women traverse the menopausal transition (MT) with little difficulty, others may undergo significant stress. Purpose: The purpose of this review was to assess the literature concerning the menopausal symptoms experienced by women in various countries of the world. Review Methods: A database search was conducted in CINAHL, Pub Med, Google Scholar, and Medline for the period of 2007-2013 using specific term "menopause", "perimenopause", "menopause symptoms", "midlife and quality of life". A total of 15 studies were identified which met the inclusion criteria. Results: The results of the 15 studies reveals that the burden of menopausal symptoms on the life of midlife women in different parts of the world. From this review, it is evident that there is great diversity in symptom frequencies across the cultures and ways of coping adopted by these women. Conclusion: With appropriate counseling, health information and an understanding of the menopause and its dimensions, menopause can become a time of beginning, rather than an end.
Psychological experiences of women regarding menopause
Introduction: Menopause is one of the stages of life for women that cause a wide variety of symptoms, effects, and sometimes limitations. Therefore this study aims to describe the psychological symptoms of postmenopausal women. Method: This is a qualitative study using phenomenological method on postmenopausal women in the city of Isfahan. The sampling was at first carried out using simple sampling and later using snowball sampling method. The data gathering tool as interviews carried out in the office of obstetricians and gynecologists. Data were classified using colaizzi's seven stage data analysis method. Results: Various psychological symptoms were reported in the interviews which can be summarized as irritability, aggression, fatigue, feelings of helplessness, and uselessness. Conclusion: During the interviews, postmenopausal women mentioned a variety of psychological symptoms that can cause limitations and hardships and require suitable support and follow-up.