Antitumor and antioxidant activity of Polyalthia longifolia stem bark ethanol extract (original) (raw)
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2017-Antitumor potential of someselective medicinal plants on experimental tumor ascitesl.pdf
Background: Conventional anticancer chemotherapy is limited due to the associated with toxicity. Exploring new agents which can lower toxicity and enhance the efficacy of anticancer drug is of a paramount significance. Aim: Evaluate the antitumor activities of extracts of medicinal plants including green tea, chamomile, black cumin seeds, and wheat bran, as well as their capability to lower the toxicity induced by the conventional chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin (CIS). Materials and Methods: The antitumor effects of these extracts were evaluated in in vitro and in vivo assays using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. In vitro studies, the cell viability and the expression of apoptosis-related genes Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction technique. EAC cells were injected into mice followed by treatment with injection of CIS and oral administration of each extract or in combination. Results: The content of polyphenolic compounds in green tea, chamomile, black cumin, and wheat bran were 1200, 315, 35, and 20 mg/100 g of dry weight, respectively. Their 50% of inhibitory concentration values were 13.5, 30, 350, and 1060 mg/mL, respectively. The polyphenolic compounds suppressed EAC viability in vitro associated with up-regulation of Bad and Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Treatment of EAC tumor-bearing mice with these extracts associated with increases in the mean survival time of mice as well as increases and decreases in the numbers of dead and live EAC cells, respectively. The antitumor effect of a combinatorial treatment of the extracts together or with CIS was higher than those of single treatment. The hepatic and renal glutathione peroxidase and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased after treatment with the extracts. Conclusion: The extracts of these medicinal plants have potential antitumor effects when used in combination and can ameliorate the toxic effect of chemotherapy through antioxidant effects while enhance its antitumor effect through apoptotic effects.
Study On Antioxidant And Antitumor Activities Of Some Herbal Extracts
2011
The potential of antioxidant activities of the plant extract Gynura procumbens, Achyranthes aspera and Polygenum tomentosum were studied by using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) .Antioxidant activity was qualitatively and quantitatively determined. In this analysis , Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) was used as the standard .The antioxidant activities were observed all three plant extracts and the EC50 values of G procumbens A.aspera and P.tomemtosum were 13.7 μg /ml,14.37 μg /ml and 14.35 μg /ml. Among these plants, G.procumbens is more potent antioxidant activity then others. Antitumor activities were found with A.aspera (s2) extracts in the dose of 100ppm in carrot disks and G.procumbens (s1) and P.tomentosum (s3) in the dose of 1000 ppm. Therefore, these herbal plants are used in traditional medicines.
Journal of pharmacy and nutrition sciences, 2014
Objective: Indigenous herbs alone or in combination are widely used in Indian system of medicine to treat innumerable ailments since time immemorial. Many strategies has been adopted to enhance anticarcinogenic responses and to establish therapeutic benefits. Poly herbal extracts (PHE), one of the emerging trends of modern medicine, where the assorted active principles work vibrantly to produce a maximum therapeutic activity with minimal toxicity by virtue of its additive, potentative, synergistic, agonistic or antagonistic effects. Though, Withania somnifera, Oroxylum indicum and Calotropis gigentia are independently established as potent antineoplastic agents, their antitumor and antioxidant perspective in combination is yet to be studied. The proposed study ascertains the assorted antineoplastic and antioxidant potential of the said potent herbs in PHE. Method: The antitumor potency of the PHE at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight was screened on Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) xenografted swiss albino mice. The in-vivo anti-oxidant activity was investigated on the basis of hepatic anti-oxidant enzymes' levels. Result: The PHE at the aforementioned dose showed a restoring effect on altered hematological parameters (*** P< 0.05 considered to be significant), down turn in ascitic tumor volume and increase in mean survival time. A significant improvement in biochemical parameters (Enzymic antioxidants) was too observed. Conclusion: The study epitomizes the PHE (400 mg/kg body weight) as a potent anti tumor and anti-oxidant preparation with synergistic effects on EAC bearing mice.
Anticancer activity of Medicinal plant extract-A re view
2010
Traditional medicine has a long history of serving peoples all over the world. India is without doubt a herbal hub. Medicin al plants that are native to India and their use in various traditiona l systems of medicine are indeed awe-inspiring. The ethnobotany and ubiquitous plants provide a rich resource for Natural drug research a nd development. In recent years, the use of traditional medicine infor mation on plant research received considerable interest. The medici nal plants contain several phytochemicals such as vitamins, carotenoid s, terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, tannins, saponi ns, enzymes, minerals etc. These phytochemicals possess antioxid ant activities, which, prevent or can be used in the treatment of m any diseases, including cancer. There are the several medicinal p lants all over the world, including India, which are being used tradit ionally for the prevention and treatment of cancer. The present pap er is a comprehensive review of different literat...
Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 2013
In the present study, the root nodules of Premna herbacea Roxb. (PH) was investigated for its in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity. Two extracts, aqueous and alcoholic; two fractions of alcoholic extract, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay, trypan blue exclusion assay and MTT assay. Alcoholic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction were found to be the most effective in BSL assay, trypan blue exclusion assay. In vivo antitumor activity was screened in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model and the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) model. The extracts and the fractions were tested at two dosages (250 and 500 mg/kg) by intraperitoneally (i.p.) route on every alternate day upto 13th day. Cisplatin was used as positive control in both studies in single dose (day 1) 3.5 mg/kg by i.p. route. In EAC model, ascites tumor was induced by inoculating 2.5 million of EAC cells i.p. alcoholic extract at 500 mg/kg was the most effective in elevating MST, reduction in body weight in EAC induced tumor. Only the effective extract i.e., alcoholic extract were studied for hematological and antioxidant parameter. It showed a restoring effect on altered hematological parameters and a significant improvement in biochemical parameters at 250 mg/kg dose of alcoholic extract. These results explain the toxicity of 500 mg/kg might be high. In the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) model, solid tumor was developed by i.m. injection of 1 million DLA cells. Both the extracts and the fractions possessed potent antitumor activity against solid tumor models by significantly reducing the solid tumor weight and volume.
Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 2007
To evaluate the antitumor and cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of Phyllanthus polyphyllus (MPP) in mice and human cancer cell lines, the antitumor activity of MPP was evaluated against an Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor model. The activity was assessed using survival time, hematological studies, lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), solid tumor mass, and short-term in vitro cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic activity of MPP was evaluated using human breast cancer (MCF7), colon cancer (HT29), and liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines Oral administration of MPP (200 and 300 mg/kg) increased the survival time and significantly reduced the solid tumor volume in a dose-dependent manner. Hematological parameters, protein, and packed cellular volume (PCV), which were altered by tumor inoculation, were restored. MPP significantly decreased the levels of LPO, GPx, GST, and significantly increased the levels of SOD and CAT. In a cytotoxicity study against human cancer cell lines, MPP was found to have IC 50 values of 27, 42 and 38 g/ml on MCF-7, HT-29, and HepG2 cells respectively. MPP possessed significant antitumor and cytotoxic activity on EAC and human cancer cell lines.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2020
In search of safe and effective therapeutic agents as alternative to synthetic chemotherapeutics for the treatment of leukemia, the herbal drugs (Leaf of Madhuca longifolia, leaf of Prosopis cineraria and bark of Flacourtia indica) with long traditional use in West Bengal have received our attention. Aim of the study: Present work was conducted to isolate and identify the active compounds of the selected herbal drugs using bio-assay guided fractionation and also to investigate their anticancer mechanism in leukemia cell lines. Materials and methods: Bio-assay guided fractionation was used for the isolation of active constituents such as myricitrin, vitexin and vanillin from the aqueous extracts of M. longifolia, P. cineraria and F. indica, respectively using liquid partitioning and column chromatography and the compounds were characterized by HPLC, MS and NMR. Dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity of isolated compounds were studied against leukemia cells and their anticancer mechanism such as cell wall damage, nuclear damage, ROS and NO generation, SOD level, LDH release and lipid peroxidation were investigated. Results: Aqueous extract of M. longifolia, P. cineraria and F. indica exhibited maximum anti-proliferative activity against HL-60 (Acute myeloid leukemia, AML, 72.06%), K-562 (Chronic myeloid leukemia, CML, 42.14%) and Jurkat (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ALL, 51.71%) cells. Myricitrin, vitexin and vanillin exhibited dose-dependent (IC-50 values 164.4, 147 & 29.22 μg/ml) and time-dependent activity with maximum cytotoxicity at 48 h. All these three compounds caused apoptosis in leukemia cells by inducing free radicals such as ROS (1.33-2.65 Arbitrary units) and NO (11.17-18.53 μM), cell membrane damage and nuclear condensation which were evidenced by increased release of LDH (1326-1439 U/L), improved lipid peroxidation (10.19-14.41 nM/ mg protein) and reduced SOD level (6.2-9.21 U/mg protein) in leukemia cells. Conclusions: Based on anti-proliferative activity, the isolated phyto-compounds myrcitrin, vitexin and vanillin from M. longifolia, P. cineraria and F. indica could be developed as natural drugs for treating AML, CML and ALL leukemia types, respectively.
In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects of oriental herbal mixtures
Food Science and Biotechnology, 2010
To identify antitumor materials, oriental herb extracts were investigated in the present study. The effects of individual oriental herb extracts (OHE) and a mixture of these extracts (MOHE) for antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and tumoricidal activities were determined. The OHEs and MOHE exhibited relatively high free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, in a concentration dependent manner. The total phenolic contents of the extracts suggest that these compounds may have played a role, at least in part, in the free radical scavenging and antioxidant effects. Since the MOHE showed the highest toxicity against tumor cell lines, the MOHE was administrated in cancer mice models. Consistent with the in vitro studies, the MOHE resulted in prolonged life spans in cancer mice possibly by combination of its anticancer and antioxidant activities. Our data indicate the possibilities of using the MOHE to counteract carcinogenesis as well as other forms of electrophilic toxicity.
Chemico-biological Interactions, 2008
Polyalthia longifolia is a lofty evergreen tree found in India and Sri Lanka. We are reporting first time the anticancer potential of P. longifolia leaves extract (A001) and its chloroform fraction (F002). Both inhibited cell proliferation of various human cancer cell lines in which colon cancer cells SW-620 showed maximum inhibition with IC50 value 6.1 μg/ml. Furthermore, F002 induce apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells as measured by several biological end points. F002 induce apoptotic bodies formation, DNA ladder, enhanced annexin-V-FITC binding of the cells, increased sub-G0 DNA fraction, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmt), release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleavage of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) in HL-60 cells. All the above parameters revealed that F002-induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial-dependent pathway in HL-60 cells.
Evaluation of some plant extracts for standardization and anticancer activity
Indian journal of traditional knowledge
In recent times, the trend in cancer research is shifting towards identifying new medicines from natural resources for management of cancer. Medicinal plants such as Sthauneyaka (Taxus baccata L.) and compound formulations like Triphala ghrita, Khadirarista, Madhusnuhi rasayana, Maha triphaladya ghrita, Panchatikta guggulu ghrita are indicated in the Ayurvedic texts for management of cancer/ tumour. The anti-proliferative activities of hydro-alcoholic extracts of some standardized plant materials were screened against a panel of 14 human cancer cell lines representing different tissues (lung, pancreas, colon, cervix, oral, bladder, prostate, breast, leukaemia, etc.) through Sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay. The findings revealed that Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) ex Lamb. and Berberis aristata (Roxb.) ex DC. have maximum anticancer activity against 3 cell lines while Withania somnifera Dunal. showed activity against two cell lines. In addition to these, Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. and Pi...