Fertility and Population Growth in Assam (original) (raw)
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Determinants Of Fertility: A Study Of A Minority Community In Nagaon District Of Assam
2020
The study of human population has always remained an area of interest among social scientists. The global concern on declining fertility levels and its impact on the economy needs to be reviewed in the context of the Indian scenario particularly with reference to states that are experiencing lower fertility levels. Assam with its highest growth rate among the major states in India inhabited by heterogeneous religious, linguistic and socio-economic groups of people provides a unique place for any demographic study. The study area for the present research work is the Nagaon district of Assam, having highest percentage of Muslim population in Assam. In the sample villages, data related to fertility have been collected for 3 years i.e., from January 2014 to December 2016 and data were collected during the month of November, 2017. Several demographic measures have been applied to work out the fertility determinants and pattern of Muslim women and statistical tools like multiple regressio...
District Level Fertility Differentials and Population Growth of Assam
2017
Fertility refers to actual reproductive performance, applied to an individual or a group. This work makes an attempt to examine the effect of religion on fertility especially Hindu-Muslim fertility differentials in Assam. The Complete Fertility Rate of women is computed by Parity Progression Ratio for each district of Assam. Another attempt has been made to investigate district disparities in the growth of population in Assam. The relevant data are drawn from population Census. Keywords—Education, Fertility, Growth of Population, Parity.
Assessing the Impact of Religions and Castes on Population Fertility in an EAG District of India
Volume 7 No.1, 2019
Culture and subculture have given an imprint on social and economic development. Alongside, it has an impact on different aspects of social change and the extent of modernisation in a region. The present study investigates the role of religion and caste in determining the fertility and the causes responsible for religious and caste fertility differential in Sagar district. This district is geographically located in the state of Madhya Pradesh. To examine the contribution of religion and caste on a change in fertility in temporal scale, both primary and secondary data have been collected and were used for the analysis of the results of this study. The primary data, which was collected through a field survey, were conducted in the study area, and the secondary data were obtained from the Census of India (1981-2011). In order to receive more accurate results, statistical techniques-Multiple Classification Analysis, Logistic Regression Analysis and Decomposition Analysis have been applied. To find out the role of individual socioeconomic characteristics on religious fertility, Multiple classification analysis technique has been used in this study and Logistic regression analysis was applied to probe the likelihood of contraception adoption by the various socioeconomic backgrounds, while, Decomposition analysis has been conducted to probe the religious and caste composition change on temporal scale fertility change. The findings demonstrate that the Muslim and Scheduled population (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) have very high fertility than that of the other segments of society. Moreover, the inclination of fertility transition (from high to low) among other religions (Christians, Sikh and Jain) begins earlier than that of the Hindus, Muslims and Scheduled population. As per the decomposition analysis, the share of Hindu population was more prominent in reducing the fertility which gradually decreased from the decade 1981-91 to 2001-11, while the share of the schedule population and others religions have dramatically decreased during the period. On the other hand, the role of scheduled population and Muslim community has phenomenally increased for changing fertility behaviour. The analysis of the study suggests that education and adequate employment opportunities have reduced the role of religion and caste on fertility in the study area.
Education And Fertility: Evidence From A Minority Community In Assam
2020
Continuous and rapid growth of population in Assam has been an obstacle to its socioeconomic development over the years. In addition to migration and falling mortality, the higher level of fertility is reason for rapid growth of population in Assam. Studies have shown that the Muslims in India exhibit higher levels of fertility than any other community. A similar pattern is exhibited in Assam too. Figures on Literacy rate, level of education and other socio-economic indicators are also very poor among this particular community. Estimation of the fertility level through the application of demographic techniques is required to understand the fertility preferences. This paper makes an attempt to study the effect of education on the fertility of the Muslim community in Nagaon district of Assam as this district constitutes the highest percentage of Muslim population in the state. The study employs chi-square test to find out the association between education and fertility. Further, the m...
Although marriage is a social institution but marital status and age at marriage are important demographic determinants as these aspects influence the pattern of fertility and natural growth of population. Studying the various aspects of marital status of any population group especially the figures related to women can give an exposition about the probability of fertility rate as well as social manifestation prevailing in the society. It also helps to understand the preferred specific age at marriage for women. However, little is known about the marital status of women living in Assam cutting across religions—Hindu, Muslim and Christian. In this backdrop, an attempt has been made through this research to examine the changing trend of marital status among the Hindu, Muslim and Christian women of Assam. The research is based on secondary data and Census information and considers the entire state of Assam. Census data of 2001 and 2011 shows interesting and striking information about the changing situation of marital status among the Hindus, Muslims and Christians of the state. It is arguable that the study linked to female marital status is saliently more influencing in this context as it determines the socio-economic status of women and pattern of fertility in any society. Among the different religions of Assam, Hindu women have the highest married proportion followed by Christian while Muslim is the lowest in the same category. Depending on the socio-cultural practices, economic conditions and the level of educational attainment, the age at marriage varies among the religious groups. The proportion of woman being married at a younger age has been less, is an indication of advancement in the educational scenario. Keywords: Marital Status, Age at Marriage, Demographic Determinant, Population, Census, Assam, India
Education, Religion, Development and Regional Patterns of Fertility in West Bengal
The current study analyses the impact of religion, education, and development on the spatial pattern of fertility in West Bengal, where different religions groups live together. Using the data from Fertility Tables of Census of India, 2011, it has considered the parameters of 'parity progression ratios', 'projected parity progression ratios',' TFR', 'age-order specific fertility rates', and 'cumulated order-specific fertility rates' and accordingly analysed. Multiple regression analysis has been used to determine the impact of development and use of contraceptive on fertility in West Bengal, while logistic regression analysis to understand the impact of religion and education on fertility. West Bengal has the lowest total fertility rate (TFR, 2.42) in the country (TFR, 2.89) and its spatial pattern shows that its four southern districts (Haora, Kolkata, South 24 Parganas and Purba Mednipur) and four eastern districts (Burdwan, Nadia, North 24 Parganas and Hugli) have lower TFR.
Space and Culture, India, 2018
Although marriage is a social institution but marital status and age at marriage are important demographic determinants as these aspects influence the pattern of fertility and natural growth of population. Studying the various aspects of marital status of any population group especially the figures related to women can give an exposition about the probability of fertility rate as well as social manifestation prevailing in the society. It also helps to understand the preferred specific age at marriage for women. However, little is known about the marital status of women living in Assam cutting across religions—Hindu, Muslim and Christian. In this backdrop, an attempt has been made through this research to examine the changing trend of marital status among the Hindu, Muslim and Christian women of Assam. The research is based on secondary data and Census information and considers the entire state of Assam. Census data of 2001 and 2011 shows interesting and striking information about th...
The relation between major religious group and reproductive behavior, based on primary sample survey data has been explored. The results indicate that religions has a significant effect on reproductive behavior of some selected villages of Farakka block , of the major two religious group studied, Muslims were found to have the highest giving birth of child rather than Hindus. Religious attitude in reproductive behavior persisted even after controlling for the effect of several major indices of social and economic development such as women education, employment, age at marriage and contraceptive use. Necessary steps are taken through General Awareness, Governments Role and involve Religious Leaders. Some simple statistics like percentage will be used for the study. Religion has a significant relevance in the demographic study of socioeconomic development. Religion prescribes code of life, refers to a system of beliefs, attitudes and practices which individuals share in groups and through this orientation towards life and death, religion is supposed to affectonès reproductive behavior(fertility behavior). Fertility is the natural proficiency of women for giving births. But in the demographic content fertility refers the actual reproductive performance of woman or group of women. Fertility has two major components-Biological and Social. The performance of reproduction is biological component. On the other hand women are having certain number of children and the impact of that population growth on society is social component. According to Thompson (1953 " Fertility is generally used to indicate the actual reproductive performance of a woman or group of women, ranging from small communities to the entire capable women population of a country. " Religion affiliation is an important characteristics future of the people in many countries that has immense significance in their socioeconomic and political life. Religion is frequently cited as a significant factor that influence the fertility decision of the people, so fertility differentials is based on religion affiliation of the people. In Farakka Block, fertility estimates from various sources have found that among the major two religious groups-Muslims and Hindu. Muslim had the highest fertility than the Hindu Religious groups. NEED FOR THE STUDY: Most of the studies on religious differentials in India were centered on the fertility difference between Hindu and Muslim. Among all the states of India, West Bengal achieved a tremendous demographic transition well recognized all over the world. In Farakka block there exist fertility differentials among the two religious groups-Muslim and Hindu. The fertility is much higher among Muslim population as compared to the Hindus in the study area. This calls for an examination of the reason for religious reproductive behavior of some selected villages of Farakka Block.
Journal of Family History, 2016
Religion, class–caste factors, and sociocultural norms influence fertility rates, largely determining reproductive behavior. Hindu–Muslim fertility differentials in West Bengal, India, are examined through characteristics and interaction hypotheses tests using National Family Health Survey-3 data. Results reveal most Hindu women have at least two births while Muslim women are likely to have at least four births, before avoiding subsequent births. Multiple classification analysis implies prevalent socioeconomic characteristics cause this fertility differential. Fertility differences are also noticed between lesser-and better-educated women groups, implying a strong religion– women education level interaction effect. The same holds true for the religion–son preference interaction effect as well. Prelude to the Study It is universally accepted that fertility enjoys central importance in population change analysis and consequently forms a vital component of societal development studies 1,2 and is governed by factors such as class, caste, religion, sociocultural norms, and values and thus differs across regions as the above parameters vary spatio-temporally. 3,4 The reproductive behavior of populations reflect the prevailing fertility rates. Developed as well as developing nations show fertility differentials that are aligned primarily along their major religions and practiced sociocultural norms, with intrareligion or
STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC DISPARITIES OF TWO COMMUNITIES OF ASSAM
The study of religious differentials in fertility of Assam is important, because of its religious heterogeneity. There are vast disparities among the districts of Assam relating to growth of population and fertility of two major religions, i.e. Hindu and Muslim. It is observed that there is an inter district disparities in the growth of population in Assam. Significant disparities have been found in respect of religion wise development. Districts have been classified according to different demographic indicators by computing an index using Principal Component Analysis. Based on statistical data available in Census Report, the total investigation has been made.