Butyricicoccus porcorum sp. nov., a butyrate-producing bacterium from swine intestinal tract (original) (raw)
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2008
Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from the caecal content of a broiler chicken Five isolates that produced large amounts of butyrate were obtained in the course of a study on the butyrate-producing microbiota from the caecal content of a 4-week-old broiler chicken. The five isolates were virtually indistinguishable in biochemical and genetic terms, suggesting that they were derived from a single bacterial clone colonizing this habitat. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that the five isolates represented a unique lineage within the Clostridium leptum subgroup of the clostridia, with Eubacterium desmolans as the closest phylogenetic neighbour (about 93 % similarity). These data indicate that the five novel isolates represent a single novel species within a novel genus, for which we propose the name Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum is 25-3 T (5LMG 24109 T 5CCUG 55265 T ). The DNA G+C content of strain 25-3 T was 54.5 mol% .
Phylogenetic Relationships of Butyrate-Producing Bacteria from the Human Gut
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2000
Butyrate is a preferred energy source for colonic epithelial cells and is thought to play an important role in maintaining colonic health in humans. In order to investigate the diversity and stability of butyrate-producing organisms of the colonic flora, anaerobic butyrate-producing bacteria were isolated from freshly voided human fecal samples from three healthy individuals: an infant, an adult omnivore, and an adult vegetarian. A second isolation was performed on the same three individuals 1 year later. Of a total of 313 bacterial isolates, 74 produced more than 2 mM butyrate in vitro. Butyrate-producing isolates were grouped by 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The results indicate very little overlap between the predominant ribotypes of the three subjects; furthermore, the flora of each individual changed significantly between the two isolations. Complete sequences of 16S rDNAs were determined for 24 representative strains and subjec...
Environmental microbiology reports, 2016
Intestinimonas is a newly described bacterial genus with representative strains present in the intestinal tract of human and other animals. Despite unique metabolic features including the production of butyrate from both sugars and amino acids, there is to date no data on their diversity, ecology, and physiology. Using a comprehensive phylogenetic approach, Intestinimomas was found to include at least 3 species that colonize primarily the human and mouse intestine. We focused on the most common and cultivable species of the genus, Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, and performed detailed genomic and physiological comparison of strains SRB521(T) and AF211, isolated from the mouse and human gut, respectively. The complete 3.3-Mb genomic sequences of both strains were highly similar with 98.8% average nucleotide identity, testifying to their assignment to one single species. However, thorough analysis revealed significant genomic rearrangements, variations in phage-derived sequences, an...
Investigation of Butyrate-producing Bacteria and Genes from Fecal Samples of Thai Volunteers
2015
Butyrate, produced by intestinal anaerobic bacteria via dietary carbohydrate fermentation, is an important energy source for gut epithelial cells. The butyrate also plays a crucial role in homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells including cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Butyrate production depends on the type of diet and availability of butyrate-producing bacteria. Bacteria of Clostridial cluster IV (CIV) and cluster XIVa (CXIVa) are major butyrate producers. This study investigated: i) the availability of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (a representative of CIV) and Clostridium coccoides – Eubacterium rectale group (a representative of CXIVa), and ii) the presence of the butyrate-producing genes, butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase ( but ) and butyrate kinase ( buk ), in fecal samples of butyrate-producing volunteers using quantitative PCR. The samples were obtained from six normal (BMI23) and eight overweight (BMI23) Thai volunteers. The results showed t...
A gene-targeted approach to investigate the intestinal butyrate-producing bacterial community
Microbiome, 2013
Background: Butyrate, which is produced by the human microbiome, is essential for a well-functioning colon. Bacteria that produce butyrate are phylogenetically diverse, which hinders their accurate detection based on conventional phylogenetic markers. As a result, reliable information on this important bacterial group is often lacking in microbiome research.
Environmental Microbiology, 2010
Butyrate-producing bacteria play an important role in the human colon, supplying energy to the gut epithelium and regulating host cell responses. In order to explore the diversity and culturability of this functional group, we designed degenerate primers to amplify butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase sequences from faecal samples provided by 10 healthy volunteers. Eighty-eight per cent of amplified sequences showed > 98% DNA sequence identity to CoA-transferases from cultured butyrate-producing bacteria, and these fell into 12 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The four most prevalent OTUs corresponded to Eubacterium rectale, Roseburia faecis, Eubacterium hallii and an unnamed cultured species SS2/1. The remaining 12% of sequences, however, belonged to 20 OTUs that are assumed to come from uncultured butyrate-producing strains. Samples taken after ingestion of inulin showed significant (P = 0.019) increases in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Because several of the dominant butyrate producers differ in their DNA % G+C content, analysis of thermal melt curves obtained for PCR amplicons of the butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase gene provides a convenient and rapid qualitative assessment of the major butyrate producing groups present in a given sample. This type of analysis therefore provides an excellent source of information on functionally important groups within the colonic microbial community.
A gram-negative, anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacterium which is a curved rod and motile by means of a single polar or subpolar flagellum was isolated from the rumen of a cow on pasture. The bacterium fermented a range of carbohydrates. Glucose was fermented to formate, butyrate, and lactate. The composition of cellular fatty acids was determined. The DNA base composition was 40 to 41 mol% G+C. The complete 16s rRNA sequence (EMBL accession number, X95893) was obtained, and the phylogenetic relationships were deter- mined. The most closely related taxa were Roseburia cecicola, Eubacterium rectale, and Lachnospira pectinoschiza. The name proposed for this bacterium is Pseudobutyrivibrio ruminis gen. nov., sp. nov.; the type strain is A12-1 (DSM 9787). During a search for ruminal bacteria capable of metaboliz- ing succinate, using an enrichment procedure, a culture was obtained from which a non-succinate-fermenting bacterium was isolated that closely resembled Butyrivibrio jibrisolven...