A rotary electromagnetic microgenerator for energy harvesting from human motions (original) (raw)
Related papers
Kinetic Energy Harvesting from Human Hand Movement by Mounting micro Electromagnetic Generator
E3S Web of Conferences, 2019
A comprehensive review of design and experimentation is presented in this research paper on sustainable renewable energy scavenging from Human body movement using Micro electromagnetic kinetic energy harvester to powering wearable, portable electronics, implantable medical devices etc. The body location which is chosen as the harvester is human hand between elbow and shoulder. Human body harvest energy in two ways i,e, mechanical energy and thermal energy. Mechanical energy is of two kinds one is static energy and the other one is kinetic energy. Due to motion or displacement or enforcement excitation the kinetic energy is extracted. The electric charges which remains imbalance on the surface or within a material is static energy. Thermal energy is extracted from the dissipation of heat from human body. Human body parts and organs generate energy through two types of activities are voluntary and involuntary. The energy which are produced by voluntary activities are high as people in...
Electromagnetic generator for harvesting energy from human motion
This paper presents an electromagnetic based generator which is suitable for supplying generating power from human body motion and has application in providing energy for body worn sensors or electronics devices. A prototype generator has been built and tested both by a shaker at resonance condition and also by human body motion during walking and slow running. The experimental results will show that the prototype could generate 300 W to 2.5 mW power from human body motion. The measured results are analyzed and compared with the theoretical model.
A micro electromagnetic generator for vibration energy harvesting
Vibration energy harvesting is receiving a considerable amount of interest as a means for powering wireless sensor nodes. This paper presents a small (component volume 0.1 cm 3 , practical volume 0.15 cm 3) electromagnetic generator utilizing discrete components and optimized for a low ambient vibration level based upon real application data. The generator uses four magnets arranged on an etched cantilever with a wound coil located within the moving magnetic field. Magnet size and coil properties were optimized, with the final device producing 46 µW in a resistive load of 4 k from just 0.59 m s −2 acceleration levels at its resonant frequency of 52 Hz. A voltage of 428 mVrms was obtained from the generator with a 2300 turn coil which has proved sufficient for subsequent rectification and voltage step-up circuitry. The generator delivers 30% of the power supplied from the environment to useful electrical power in the load. This generator compares very favourably with other demonstrated examples in the literature, both in terms of normalized power density and efficiency. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
Pendulum Generators to Power Wearable Devices from Human Motion
2017
This work analyzes the energy generation capability from human walking using pendulum-based generators. Energy harvesting is the process to extract energy from the surroundings to power small portable electronics. Literature for energy harvesters is mostly for linear devices whereas body motion has rotational components as well. The periodic swinging of the limbs is more suited for oscillating generators based on pendulum geometries, such as self-winding wristwatches. Wearable devices can benefit of harnessing energy from everyday activities, such as walking, to reduce battery size or the need for frequent battery recharges. This study discusses the energy availability of using inertial passive generators on body locations while walking. It is estimated that a miniature planar generator using an oscillating pendulum can scavenge from 0.1 mJ to over 20 mJ of energy from walking.
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2023
The biomechanical energy harvesting system (BM-EHS) uses human daily activities to create electricity. The BM-EHS is one of the potential alternative technologies for powering wearable and implantable electronic gadgets without batteries. The hybrid BH-EHS is modeled using two different vibration source-based human activities in this manuscript. The piezoelectric (PE) and electromagnetic (EM) based EHS are combined in the hybrid BM-EHS. The PE- EHS is based on human walking and jogging motions and is represented using a mass-spring-damper system and PE stack. The EM- EHS is based on the human knee and hip motions, with shaft conversion and a DC motor. The PE, EM, and hybrid BM-based EHS are modeled using MATLAB/Simulink, and performance results are realized individually. The PE-EHS obtains the average output voltage of 0.5 V and harvests 53.18 mW of power. Similarly, the EM-EHS achieves the average load voltage of 0.567 V and 30.6 mW harvested power. The hybrid BM-EHS obtains the average load voltage of 0.79 V and harvests 86 mW of power. The proposed BM-EHS is compared with the existing EHS with better-harvested power and energy improvement for the given load conditions. Overall, the harvested power can power up the low-power applications.
Elsevier , 2019
Harvesting electrical energy from various human motions using piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) is gaining research attention in recent years. The energy harvested could potentially power hand held electronic devices and medical devices without the need of external power source for recharging batteries. In this study, an attempt is made to improve the efficiency of PEH to harvest energy from human motions by adopting a double pendulum system coupled with magnetic force interactions. For the purpose of comparison, three configurations of PEH which includes the conventional PEH with cantilever beam (PEHCB), the PEH with single pendulum system (PEHSP) and the PEH with double pendulum system (PEHDP) are experimentally studied. Excitations by both mechanical shaker and major human body parts during walking and jogging motions are investigated. The performance of each configuration, in terms of voltage and power produced as well as the idle time between each cycle, are analysed, compared and discussed. ANSYS© software is used to analyse the proposed model and MAT-LAB© software is used to calculate the output power. The results demonstrate that, with the use of the proposed double pendulum system, multiple impacts in each motion cycle is generated, thus producing higher voltage and power as compared to the conventional PEHCB. The idle time between each motion cycle is also effectively reduced. The efficiency of the PEH is thus significantly increased.
Optimization of inertial micropower Generators for human walking motion
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2006
Micropower generators, which have applications in distributed sensing, have previously been classified into architectures and analyzed for sinusoidal driving motions. However, under many practical operating conditions, the driving motion will not be sinusoidal. In this paper, we present a comparison of the simulated performance of optimized configurations of the different architectures using measured acceleration data from walking motion gathered from human subjects. The sensitivity of generator performance to variations in generator parameters is investigated, with a 20% change in generator parameters causing between a 3% and 80% drop in generator power output, depending upon generator architecture and operating condition. Based on the results of this investigation, microgenerator design guidelines are provided. The Coulomb-force parametric generator is the recommended architecture for generators with internal displacement amplitude limits of less than 0.5 mm and the velocity-damped resonant generator is the recommended architecture when the internal displacement amplitude can exceed 0.5 mm, depending upon the exact operating conditions. Maximum power densities for human powered motion vary between 8.7 and 2100 W cm 3 , depending upon generator size and the location of the body on which it is mounted.
Hybrid Magnetic-Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Power Generation around Waistline During Gait
Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 2019
The development of a novel hybrid energy harvester for scavenging power around human waistline is presented. The harvester is composed of mm-scale electromagnetic coils and piezoelectric transducers incorporated on a belt, as well as permanent magnet structures placed on wristbands. The coils and transducers are positioned on the belt such that they correspond to either sides of the waist, facing the wrists and the hipbone. This configuration leads to simultaneous power generation on the coils and transducers due to swinging arm motion and varying belt stress during gait, respectively. Moderate walking at 1 m/s resulted in a peak open circuit voltage of 2.8 V on the coils, reaching up to 4.3 V at 2 m/s fast walking. The open circuit voltage obtained from the transducers varied from 5.2 to 9 V, corresponding to moderate walking at 1 m/s and running at a speed of 3 m/s, respectively. Instantaneous AC power was characterized separately at 1 m/s walking speed, and measured to be 14 mW and 13.5 μW from the coils and piezoelectric transducers, respectively. The two harvesting mechanisms were coupled with rectifiers and DC/DC converter circuitry to store energy in an onboard 20 mAh 3 V LiPo battery. Walking for 10 min was shown to raise the battery voltage from 2.2 to 2.8 V. The results reported here demonstrate the feasibility of this MEMS-scale harvesting scheme to recharge batteries of portable electronic devices.
Design and fabrication of a micro electromagnetic vibration energy harvester
This paper presents a new micro electromagnetic energy harvester that can convert transverse vibration energy to electrical power. It mainly consists of folded beams, a permanent magnet and copper planar coils. The calculated value of the natural frequency is 274 Hz and electromagnetic simulation shows that the magnetic flux density will decrease sharply with increasing space between the magnet and coils. A prototype has been fabricated using MEMS micromachining technology. The testing results show that at the resonant frequency of 242 Hz, the prototype can generate 0.55 W of maximal output power with peak-peak voltage of 28 mV for 0.5g (g D 9.8 m/s 2 / external acceleration.
Energy Harvesting From Human and Machine Motion for Wireless Electronic Devices
Proceedings of the IEEE, 2008
Energy harvesting generators are attractive as inexhaustible replacements for batteries in low-power wireless electronic devices and have received increasing research interest in recent years. Ambient motion is one of the main sources of energy for harvesting, and a wide range of motionpowered energy harvesters have been proposed or demonstrated, particularly at the microscale. This paper reviews the principles and state-of-art in motion-driven miniature energy harvesters and discusses trends, suitable applications, and possible future developments.