The 4 th International Conference Advanced Composite Materials Engineering COMAT 2012 18-20 October 2012 , Brasov , Romania INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES IN POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES (original) (raw)

Polymer-Nanoparticle Composites: From Synthesis to Modern Applications

The addition of inorganic spherical nanoparticles to polymers allows the modification of the polymers physical properties as well as the implementation of new features in the polymer matrix. This review article covers considerations on special features of inorganic nanoparticles, the most important synthesis methods for ceramic nanoparticles and nanocomposites, nanoparticle surface modification, and composite formation, including drawbacks. Classical nanocomposite properties, as thermomechanical, dielectric, conductive, magnetic, as well as optical properties, will be summarized. Finally, typical existing and potential applications will be shown with the focus on new and innovative applications, like in energy storage systems.

Preparation of nanoparticle-based polymer composites

Nanoparticle-Based Polymer Composites, 2022

Nanoparticle-based polymer composites are potential candidates for biomedical, energy storage, and photovoltaic applications. Applications of nanoparticle-based polymer nanocomposites depend on both the nanoparticles and the matrix. Applications of those materials can be modified with the physical modifications and functionalization of the surface (capping or stabilizing ligands) of nanoparticles and the sizes of the matrix. Usually, three separate steps comprise the preparation of nanoparticle-based polymer nanocomposites. Nanoparticles and matrix are prepared separately. In the final step, both of those raw materials are combined in various physical and chemical processes. In this chapter, the steps to prepare the nanoparticle-based polymer composites are described elaborately. As the application of nanocomposites is dependent on the constituent materials, so it is necessary to understand the preparation of the constituent materials (nanoparticles and matrix) and the composite alone. Aside from the discussions on matrix and filler materials, the popular approaches undertaken to produce ceramic, metal, and polymer nanocomposites are briefly overviewed. In the discussion of the methodologies, our focus was to highlight the general as well as specific applications of the approaches and associated thermal, mechanical, and process parameters to maintain for successful execution and realization of their particular advantages or customized utilization. In the end, there is a brief section where the potential drawbacks of the approaches are discussed. In short, this chapter provides a brief yet comprehensive overview of the process, applicability, and limitations of nanoparticle-based polymer composites.

The Influence of the Ceramic Nanoparticles on the Thermoplastic Polymers Matrix: Their Structural, Optical, and Conductive Properties

Polymers

This paper prepared composites under the free membranes form that are based on thermoplastic polymers of the type of polyurethane (TPU) and polyolefin (TPO), which are blended in the weight ratio of 2:1, and ceramic nanoparticles (CNs) such as BaSrTiO3 and SrTiO3. The structural, optical, and conductive properties of these new composite materials are reported. The X-ray diffraction studies highlight a cubic crystalline structure of these CNs. The main variations in the vibrational properties of the TPU:TPO blend induced by CNs consist of the following: (i) the increase in the intensity of the Raman line of 1616 cm−1; (ii) the down-shift of the IR band from 800 to 791 cm−1; (iii) the change of the ratio between the absorbance of IR bands localized in the spectral range 950–1200 cm−1; and (iv) the decrease in the absorbance of the IR band from 1221 cm−1. All these variations were correlated with a preferential adsorption of thermoplastic polymers on the CNs surface. A photoluminescenc...

Applications, drawbacks, and future scope of nanoparticle-based polymer composites

Nanoparticle-Based Polymer Composites, 2022

Over the earlier decades, an explosive growth of nanotechnology and nanoparticle synthesis techniques has been witnessed. The infusion of nanoparticles into polymer matrices to fabricate nanoparticle-based polymer composites has been carried out along with the advancement of nanotechnology. Unlike conventional materials, polymer nanocomposites exhibit superior performance because of the outstanding properties of nanoparticles such as high aspect ratio, unique structural attributes, and properties. This chapter focuses on recent state-of-the-art polymer nanocomposite applications that include but are not limited to food packaging, biomedical, drug delivery, sensing, energy storage, flame retardancy, microelectronics, surface coating, pollution remediation, e-textiles, etc. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of nanoparticle-based polymer composites and their potential prospective applications have also been discussed.

A Review on Polymer Nanocomposites and Its Applications

International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering, 2023

Multiple phases that have at least one, two, or three dimensions in the nanoscale range make up a nanocomposite material. Phase interfaces are produced when material dimensions are reduced to the nanoscale level, and they are crucial for improving the properties of the material. Understanding the relationship between structure and property is directly influenced by the surface area to volume ratio of the reinforced material employed during the creation of nanocomposites. Opportunities for overcoming barriers in the medical, pharmaceutical, food packaging, electronics, and energy industries are provided by nanocomposties on entirely new scales. Polymeric nanocomposites are frequently created by directly incorporating inorganic nanoscale building pieces into polymers. Surface modification of the nanofillers is crucial in the creation of nanocomposites through dispersive blending. It has the power to make fillers more hydrophobic, improve interfacial adhesion by chemical bonding or chain entanglement, and get rid of the loose structure of filler agglomerates. The state of the art for nanoparticle/polymer composites is reviewed in the current work, along with the specific surface pretreatment methods and their uses. Particular emphasis is placed on the function of modified nanoparticles and the mechanisms involved in the enhancement of the mechanical characteristics and wear resistance of the composites.

Analysis of the structure of polymer-inorganic nanoparticles in solutions

Nanotechnologies in Russia, 2014

A methodical approach to analyzing the structure of hybrid polymer inorganic particles with cov alent bonding between the components has been suggested. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated on the example of modified poly(methyl methacrylate) containing covalently bonded zirconium dioxide nanocrys tals. The methodological approach is based on the application of viscometry, dynamic light scattering, and absorption spectroscopy for a comparative study of the unmodified polymer and its analogue containing a low weight fraction (about a few hundredths) of hybrid particles. The methodology allows a quantitative estima tion of the weight of the polymer component covalently bonded to the inorganic nanoparticle to obtain a fully soluble composite material.

Organic-inorganic nanocomposites prepared by reactive suspension method: investigation on filler/matrix interactions and their effect on the nanoparticles dispersion

Colloid and Polymer Science, 2017

Epoxy resin/TiO 2 nanocomposites prepared by both reactive suspension method, based on in situ synthesis, and conventional mechanical mixing are analysed by solidstate nuclear magnetic resonance and transmission electron microscopy in order to have a deeper insight into the nature of interactions at the polymer/particle interface and their effect on the nanoparticles dispersion. Specifically, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments showed that the nanoparticles, synthesized by reactive suspension method, can efficiently link the matrix by hydrogen bonds forming a hybrid organic-inorganic 3D network. Such evidences strongly supports our previously reported theory, in which the nanoparticles in situ synthesized by reactive suspension method act not only as rigid filler, but also as actual cross-linking points, dramatically improving the mechanical properties of the polymeric matrix. Moreover, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy investigations, the formation of such hydrogen bonds significantly affect also the nanoparticles distribution, thanks to a stabilizing effect on the nanoparticles' surface that prevents their aggregation and improves their dispersion.

Morphology and properties of polymer matrix nanocomposites

International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering, 2010

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become strongly promising nano-particles for developing novel smart polymer matrix nanocomposites to satisfy the ever increasing design requirements of the recent avenues of space industry and other special structural applications. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of doped and dispersed CNTs in polymer matrix on its intrinsic properties. Three different types of polymers; polyvinylchloride (PVC), polymethylemethacrylate (PMMA), and polystyrene (PS) were subjected to this experimental investigation. CNTs/polymer matrix composites with a content ratio of CNTs up to 5% by weight were synthesized in lab. The nanocomposites were then characterized by measuring their mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. In addition, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied, and the results are presented and discussed. It can be generally concluded that both PMMA and PS polymers disclosed much better matching ability and cross linking ability with the interweaving CNTs than the PVC. Both PMMA and PS polymers may thus be nominated for further extension of the investigation to cover a wider range of CNTs content ratios in an endeavour towards searching for maximum specific performance properties of such nanocomposites.