Is Physical Activity Predictable From Age, Gender, Anthropometric Measures and Motor Abilities: Cross-Sectional Design in 8-12 Years-Old Children (original) (raw)
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World Applied Sciences Journal, 2011
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare anthropometric variables, sedentary behaviours and various physical fitness components of three different physical activity levels in 7-to-11year-old Ardabilian boys. 766 healthy boys underwent standard anthropometry and twelve fitness tests. Child’s TV watching and video playing daily time (TVVPT) was taken for sedentary behavior evaluation. Physical activity (PA) for children was measured using the PA Questionnaire. Considering the mean of PA scores children were categorized in three no active, some active and active groups. Except Hand grip strength and Balance test, the active boys attained better results in all fitness tests than the no active boys (P#0.01). Also except cardiorespiratory fitness, Hand grip strength and Balance test the active boys attained better results in all fitness tests than the some active boys (P#0.01). The some active and the no active boys had significantly higher TVVPT than the active boys (P#0.01). The mean values of Weight, BMI, Fat mass were significantly higher in the no active boys than both the some active and the active boys (P#0.01). Regarding the active boy’s higher fitness level, high PA is recommended, although it should be stated that any PA in children is better than none at all.
Physical activity and fitness in 8-year-old overweight and normal weight children and their parents
International journal of circumpolar health, 2012
To compare the physical fitness and physical activity of 8-year-old overweight children (n = 53) to normal weight children (n = 65), and to determine whether a significant relationship exists between physical activity of parents and their children. A cross-sectional study. A total of 119 children from Northern Finland were recruited for the study. Waist circumference, height, weight and BMI were measured. Physical activity of the children and their parents was determined with self-administered 7-day recall questionnaires (PAQ-C). Physical fitness of the children was evaluated with 7 items of the EUROFIT-test battery (flamingo balance test, plate tapping, sit-and-reach test, sit-ups, bent arm hang and 10×5 shuttle run). Aerobic capacity of the children was tested with 6-minute walking test. Overweigh was related to impaired performance in tests requiring muscle endurance, balance, explosive power of lower extremities, upper body strength and endurance, speed and agility in both gende...
The study was intended to examine the relationship of physical activity levels with selected physical parameters viz. power, speed, legs explosive power, handgrip strength, upper body strength, abdominal strength and flexibility among the school children of age 11-12 years. A sample of 60 male children was selected using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by administering physical fitness tests and a self-reported questionnaire was used to assess physical activity levels. Data was analyzed by employing bivariate correlation, putting alpha level at 0.05. It was found that physical activity levels has significant relationship with power, speed, leg's explosive strength, endurance, upper body strength and abdominal strength (p< 0.05).
Journal of Exercise Science and Physiotherapy, 2011
The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the motor fitness in relation to Body Mass Index of school going children involved in physical activities. One hundred school going male children of 9 th and 10 th grade were selected to serve as subjects for this study. The researcher divided the entire 100 sample into three groups. i.e. Low BMI (N=25), middle BMI (N=50) and High BMI (N=25) groups, which were compared with each other. All the subjects were tested on Chin ups, Vertical Jump, Shuttle Run, Sit and Reach and BMI (Body Mass Index). In order to find out the significance of differences between the three BMI groups male children, mean, standard deviation, quartile deviation (Q1 and Q3) and t-ratio were computed. The results of the study revealed non significant differences between Low BMI and High BMI groups in their vertical jump, flexibility, chin-ups components of motor fitness. Low BMI group children were however found to be better in muscular strength, speed, and agility and similar on flexibility compared to high BMI group children. Low BMI group was also better on speed and agility components of motor fitness than the middle BMI group children and was similar in other components of fitness. Whereas, middle BMI group children were superior on muscular strength, speed, and agility and similar on vertical jump and flexibility components of fitness in comparison to high BMI group children.
Physical activity levels and patterns of 9-and 15-yr-old European children
2005
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess physical activity levels and patterns from children participating in the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS). Very limited physical activity data exist that have been collected from representative samples of children and even fewer data collected where physical activity has been measured using objective methods. Methods: Subjects were 2185 children aged 9 and 15 yr from Denmark, Portugal, Estonia, and Norway. Physical activity data were obtained using MTI (formerly CSA) accelerometers. The primary outcome variable was established as the child's activity level (accelerometer counts per minute). Children wore the accelerometer for 3 or 4 d, which included at least 1 weekend day. Results: Boys were more active than girls at age 9 (784 Ϯ 282 vs 649 Ϯ 204 counts·min Ϫ1 ) and 15 yr (615 Ϯ 228 vs 491 Ϯ 163 counts·min Ϫ1 ). With respect to time engaged in moderate-intensity activity, gender differences were apparent at age 9 (192 Ϯ 66 vs 160 Ϯ 54 min·d Ϫ1 ) and age 15 (99 Ϯ 45 vs 73 Ϯ 32 min·d Ϫ1 ). At age 9, the great majority of boys and girls achieved current health-related physical activity recommendations (97.4% and 97.6%, respectively). At age 15, fewer children achieved the guidelines and gender differences were apparent (boys 81.9% vs girls 62.0%). Conclusions: Accelerometers are a feasible and accurate instrument for use in large epidemiological studies of children's activity. Boys tend to be more active than girls, and there is a marked reduction in activity over the adolescent years. The great majority of younger children achieve current physical activity recommendations, whereas fewer older children do so-especially older girls.
Anthropometry and motor fitness in children aged 6-12 years
Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2010
This study aimed at evaluating motor abilities and anthropometric parameters in children aged 6-12 years and their interrelationships. One hundred fifty-two children underwent standard anthropometry (BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, sum of five skinfolds) and motor fitness tests (standing long jump and 30m dash). Data were stratified by age (6-7, 8-9, 10-12 years) and sex (M/F), and the Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between BMI and the other anthropometric measurements in each class as well as the correlation between anthropometric parameters and fitness tests. The effect of age, sex, and individual anthropometric measurement on velocity or jump length was evaluated by ANOVA. BMI positively correlated with waist circumference and subcutaneous fat, and negatively correlated with body density. Motor fitness was not significantly affected by BMI, while sum of five skinfolds negatively associated with velocity in males aged 6-7 years and with jump length in females aged 8-12 years. Motor fitness significantly correlated with age, and performance was higher in males. Moreover, motor fitness tests positively correlated with each other, especially in females. In the 6-12 years period motor performance improves with age and improvement is partially sex-related; this correlation is higher in boys, possibly because of their lesser amount of fat. Subcutaneous fat is a better predictor of physical fitness than BMI or waist circumference. Results also suggest that explosive strength and velocity are related the 6-12 years age span, possibly because both are power events, which involve horizontal movement of the centre of mass.
Longitudinal changes in 11-13-year-olds' physical activity
Acta Paediatrica, 2000
The influence of age, sex, maturity, body mass and body fatness on the physical activity (PA) of 11-13-y-olds was examined longitudinally. Body mass, triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness and pubic hair were recorded and 3-d continuous heart rate (HR) monitoring was used to estimate PA on each annual measurement occasion. At the onset, subjects were 11.0 (0.4)-y-old and data were available on 202, 143 and 160 subjects in years 1 to 3, respectively with an almost equal sex distribution. Multilevel regression modelling examined age-, sex-and maturity-related changes in time spent with HR above 139 (moderate activity) and 159 (vigorous activity) bpm. Sustained (10 or 20 min) periods of moderate or vigorous activity were not characteristic of PA patterns. Both PA measures declined with age, with a consistent sex difference reflecting the lower PA levels of girls. Body mass and fatness were not significant explanatory variables, but an additional decrement in activity was evident in late maturity.
"Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in physical fitness, physical activity, and sedentary activities among 7 to 11 year old boys with varying body mass index in Ardabil, Iran. Methods: The sample consisted of 766 boys who participated in eight weight bearing (1 mile walk/run, sit ups, standing long jump, vertical jump, shuttle run 4 × 10 m, 30-meter sprint, pull ups, pushups) and four non-weight-bearing physical fitness tests (flamingo balance, handgrip; sit and reach and finger reaction time). Physical activity and sedentary activities were assessed by questionnaires. Body mass index (BMI) was computed to classify participants into normal weight, underweight, overweight and obese groups. Results: The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity was 10.7%, 14.1% and 4.2% respectively. Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) decreased progressively as the BMI increased and differences among the all body mass index categories were significant (P<0.01). Obese subjects performed worse in all weight bearing fitness tests than normal weight subjects (P<0.01). Moreover, overweight subjects performed worse in one mile, pushups and pull ups than normal weight subjects (P<0.01). Underweight subjects had significantly lower Pushups than normal weight subjects (P<0.01). Obese subjects had significantly higher sedentary activities and lower physical activity than other counterparts (P<0.01). Conclusions: This study showed that weight bearing physical fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity progressively decreased as the BMI increased and conversely, sedentary activities increased as the BMI increased."