State Anti-Terrorism Legislation in the United States: A Review of Statutory Utilization (original) (raw)

Home Grown Terrorism in The United States (US) – Causes, Affiliations and Policy Implications

In the wake of the September 11th, 2001 attacks of the twin towers in New York and the Pentagon in Washington D.C, a focus on decapitating and dislodging transnational terrorist groups from safe heavens overseas have shifted research and policy efforts from threats of potential homegrown terror activities. The paper explores causes of home grown terrorism, the role of transnational terror groups and policy implications on effective counter-terrorism in the United States of America while carefully examining the May, 2010 attempted attack of Time Square, New York and April 2013 Boston Marathon Bombings as case studies for analysis.

CONSIDERING A DOMESTIC TERRORISM STATUTE AND ITS ALTERNATIVES

Northwestern University Law Review Online, 2020

Recent years have seen an increase in right-wing extremist violence within the United States, which has highlighted the disparities in law enforcement’s handling of “international” as opposed to “domestic” terrorism. Public, legal, and law enforcement commenters have begun calling for a “domestic terrorism statute,” arguing that the lack of such a statute is the largest hurdle in prosecuting domestic terrorists. This Essay explains that the primary cause of the disparity in prosecutions between domestic and international terrorists is not a lack of a domestic terrorism statute but rather the lack of a generalized terrorism statute and the failure to designate right-wing organizations as “terrorists.” Law enforcement pursuing international terrorists rely on these designations and material support statutes far more than on any statutes prohibiting terrorist acts, largely because the acts prohibited are so limited that they are rarely useful, even in the international context. But the two options of designating domestic terrorist organizations or creating a broad terrorism statute are highly problematic. This Essay discusses the barriers to prosecuting domestic terrorists as terrorists, including the problems with current terrorism statutes in responding to modern, small scale attacks and the tactics used to prosecute international terrorists. It then explores the problems with broad, generalized terrorism statutes that have been passed at the state level and drafted in Congress, and the problems with simply applying the international framework for terrorist designations to domestic terrorists. Finally, it suggests several alternative options to lessen the disparity between the handling of right-wing and other domestic terrorists, and international terrorists.

United States of America: Counterterrorism Pre-911

In: Silke, Andrew (ed). 2018. Routledge Handbook of Terrorism and Counterterrorism. Abingdon: Routledge., 2018

This chapter examines the history of counter-terrorism and the terrorism and terrorist threats to which it responded in the United States pre-9/11. Part one will provide an overview of the different types of domestic and international terrorism and movements that have affected or targeted America historically and been the focus of counter-terrorism. Part two will examine the history of counter-terrorism in the United States, looking at different developments, policies and approaches, and examine the ways in which counter-terrorism has changed in response to both threats and attacks, political and ideological agendas and interests, pressure and criticism, as well as challenges, mistakes and failures. Winter, A. 2018. 'The United States of America: Counter-Terrorism Pre-9/11'. Routledge Handbook of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism. ed. Andrew Silke. Abingdon: Routledge.

A first look at domestic and international global terrorism events, 1970–1997

2006

Abstract. While the study of terrorism has expanded dramatically since the 1970s, most analyses are limited to qualitative case studies or quantitative analyses of international incidents only—which comprise a very small proportion of all terrorist events. Until now, empirical data on both domestic and international terrorist events have not existed. We have compiled information from more than 69,000 terrorism global incidents from 1970 to 1997.

WAR ON TERRORISM IS STILL WAR-When Counter Terrorism Becomes Terrorism: American Case Study

Counter Terrorism , 2021

This paper briefly mentions terrorism’s aspects and dimensions in accordance with the infinite meanings and definitions of terrorism. After which, it discusses counter-terrorism; aspects, dynamics and dimensions, along with a broad discussion on American Counter-terrorism policies post 9/11. The ways and approaches that should be monitored by states to prevent it from changing into terrorist work.