The normal vehicle forces effects of a two in-wheel electric vehicle towards the human brain on different road profile maneuver (original) (raw)
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Study of the dynamic behaviour of a human driver coupled with a vehicle
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2014
In this paper a 15-degree-of-freedom human–seat vibratory model is developed using anthropomorphic modelling and the model is coupled with a typical seven-degree-of-freedom small passenger car to study the dynamic response of a human driver due to vehicle vibrations. The coupled model is analysed by MATLAB simulation for the ride dynamic behaviour of the human driver under a harmonic input excitation in the frequency range 0–40 Hz. The ride behaviours in terms of the vertical accelerations of different segments of the human driver are compared with respect to the ride comfort using the ISO 2631-1:1997 standard. Further, parametric analysis is carried out to improve the ride comfort of the human driver.
Analysis of the vertical vibration effects on ride comfort of vehicle driver
Journal of Vibroengineering, 2012
Vehicle vibrations affect the health and comfort of the driver and passengers considerably. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of vertical vehicle vibrations on the driver. To achieve this goal, a human biodynamic model with 11 degrees of freedom was incorporated into a full vehicle model and this combined human-vehicle model was subjected to the road disturbance. After dynamic analysis of the proposed model, root mean square (RMS) acceleration responses of the human body parts over a certain frequency range were obtained. Physiological effects of the vibrations on the human body were analyzed using the criteria specified in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 2631. Then, in order to observe the effectiveness of a controller on the vibration isolation of human body, sliding mode controller was applied to the model. Comparison of the vibration effects for the uncontrolled and controlled cases of the human-vehicle model was presented. It can be concluded from the results that sliding mode controller considerably reduces whole body vibrations compared with the uncontrolled case and thereby improves the ride comfort satisfactorily.
Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2021
The main reason that affects the discomfort in a driving vehicle is the vibration response. The human body vibration leads to many malfunctions in both comfort and performance in human health. As a result, the human body’s simulation in sitting posture in the driving vehicle has a strategic relationship for all Tires and vehicles manufacturers. The digital process simulation of the human body seat vehicle vibration shows two significant advantages. The first advantage is the prevention of the high-cost modifications in the construction stage of the vehicle, while the second one describes the stability test during the undesirable vibrations. This study modelled the human body’s dynamic characterisations, natural frequency, and mechanical response when seated in the driving vehicle with vibration transmissibility in the vertical direction have been using the biomechanical vibration model. The vertical vibrations and the transmissibility of the human body dynamic response are presented in detail. Exciting results have been obtained, and they are significant for human health, which relates to sitting posture in the driving vehicle. It can assist in understanding the influences of low-frequency vibration on human health, comfort, and performance, and therefore it could be applied for ride comfort evaluation. An analytical solution to derive the general equations of motion for the human system was developed. Then, using the vibration analysis technique and the corresponding equations, the accurate dynamic response of the selected mode is identified. Furthermore, the mathematical modelling for free vibration using the finite element analysis has been performed to determine the appropriate values and set its description. Then, the comparison results of the two techniques have been carried out.
The human body behavior under vehicle vibrations
The influence of vertical vibrations on the human body is analyzed on the basis of models, where the main components and their characteristic properties are made evident. As a function of position of the body, there are considered models, having concentrated masses, elastic constraints and dampers. For a few models that are presented, the matrix differential equations of motion are written and the mathematical input-stateoutput model (M-ISO-M) is specified. On the basis of the adopted mathematical models, computer block diagrams are defined. Thus, for the study of behavior of the mechanical systems, calculus diagrams are elaborated, in order to make evident the connections between the blocks and the developments with the help of Math Lab simulation of the system response to a harmonic input signal. Also with the help of the AnyBody Modeling System software, a driving simulation had been made, resulting intense muscle activities by subjecting the human body to the vehicle vibrations and external forces. The concrete cases that are studied refer to real situations for which the system parameters are deduced by a methodology, previously specified. In each case, fixed by the program running, for each mass, the amplitude-pulsation characteristics are determined, making evident the resonance possibilities.
Effects of vibration on occupant driving performance under simulated driving conditions
Applied Ergonomics, 2017
Although much research has been devoted to the characterization of the effects of whole-body vibration on seated occupants' comfort, drowsiness induced by vibration has received less attention to date. There are also little validated measurement methods available to quantify whole body vibration-induced drowsiness. Here, the effects of vibration on drowsiness were investigated. Twenty male volunteers were recruited for this experiment. Drowsiness was measured in a driving simulator, before and after 30min exposure to vibration. Gaussian random vibration, with 1e15 Hz frequency bandwidth was used for excitation. During the driving session, volunteers were required to obey the speed limit of 100 kph and maintain a steady position on the left-hand lane. A deviation in lane position, steering angle variability, and speed deviation were recorded and analysed. Alternatively, volunteers rated their subjective drowsiness by Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) scores every 5-min. Following 30-min of exposure to vibration, a significant increase of lane deviation, steering angle variability, and KSS scores were observed in all volunteers suggesting the adverse effects of vibration on human alertness level.
Characterization of the effects of vibration on seated driver alertness
Nonlinear Engineering, 2014
Although performance of vehicle drivers under fatigue conditions has been investigated in many types of environments, there is insu cient research data about the e ects of vibration speci cally on levels of mental alertness in seated drivers. In addition to the paucity of research in this area, the study of drowsiness caused by whole body vibration is complex due to several confounding factors (such as lack of sleep, air temperature, health). Hence, we investigated the relationship between whole body vibration and driver drowsiness. A human vibration test setup was designed for this study. Ten subjects were exposed to low frequency sinusoidal and random whole body vibration in multi-axial vibration at 0.3 m/s² (rms) for 20 minutes. Changes in drowsiness during vibration exposure were measured by recording electroencephalographic signals. Two brainwave spectrums (theta and beta waves) were used for analysis. Exposure to whole body vibration was found to be correlated with a reduction in alertness. Reduction in beta wave and increase in theta wave activity, caused by vibration, were found to be statistically signi cant. The data presented here quantify for the rst time the drowsiness caused by whole body vibration and will help de ne the threshold limit for safe driving.
Multi-excitation discomfort in a driving car: contribution from sound and vibrations
2020
Sound and vibration can be considered as the two main sources of discomfort when driving. The objective of this study is to quantify the relative influence of each of these sources on overall discomfort. Based on knowledge of the relative influence of vibration sources in interaction with the driver, such as seat, floor or steering wheel. Vibration situations have been generated in a way that each vibration interface induces an equivalent level of discomfort. In a driving simulator, showing a straight road, 20 sound and vibration situations were presented to 15 participants. Vibration levels ranged from 110 to 130 dB, 100 to 120 dB for the floor and seat (0 dB ref : 10-6 m/s�) added with a rolling noise between 85 and 110 SPL. For each situation, the participant were asked to rate their overall feeling of discomfort, using a Borg scale between 0 and 50. This experiment evaluates the relative discomfort induced by noise and allowed to determine their relative weighting in an overall ...
Contribution of noise and vertical vibration to comfort in a driving car
In a driving car, passengers are submitted to complex sound and vibration stimuli. These stimuli are integrated in a complex way and contribute to the comfort for passengers. This talk will summarize some work related to that field, during which a noise and vibration simulator was used to evaluate the relative contributions of noise and vibration to comfort in a driving car. A first step showed that this evaluation was only slightly modified by vision (of a video showing the road on which the car was driven on). Then a complete experimental plan was used : sound and vibration levels were independently varied and the subjects were asked to evaluate the comfort of the overall situation. The results were in concordance with the existing literature, i.e. the interaction between both stimuli is very small. But the relative contributions of sound and vibration to comfort were different from the existing models; this was certainly due to the range of levels used in that experiment, which represented usual levels measured in cars.
Effect of Vibration towards Driving Fatigue and Development of Regression Model Based on Vibration
The Proceedings of Design & Systems Conference, 2017
This paper present the result of whole-body vibration (WBV) of the Malaysian drivers driving a car through different road conditions; straight, winding, uphill, and downhill) at constant speed (80km/h). The objective of this study is to study the effect of the WBV towards the driving fatigue. Besides, the regression modeling of WBV for drivers' fatigue was developed. There were ten healthy and experienced drivers served as the subjects of this study. The WBV measurement was taken and evaluated using the tri-axial seat pad accelerometer and 4-channel VI-400PRO Human Vibration Meter (HVM). Design Expert 8.0.6 software was used for the development of regression model. This study is expected to analyze the WBV, and develop the regression model of the WBV by using regression analysis. The result of this study indicates that the subjects recorded the vibration values that show they feel fairly uncomfortable as it in the caution zone. The vibration exposure can cause the changes in body chemistry and metabolism, which can lead to fatigue effects. Besides, the regression model was successfully developed and validated, which the validation runs were within the 90% prediction interval of the developed model and the residual errors compared to the predicted values were less than 10%. Through this study, the significant parameters that influenced the WBV were also identified. WBV was influenced by the time exposure, type of road, gender, the interaction between time exposure and type of road, and interaction between time exposure and gender. Thus, the author believes there is a new contribution to the body of knowledge throughout this study.