Distribution and correlations of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Roma and Caucasian children: the Slovak Lipid Community Study (original) (raw)
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Central European journal of public health, 2010
The objective of the study was to determine some Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors in 174 Roma children and adolescents (88 males and 86 females) aged 7-18 in 3 Central Slovakian cities (44 from Zilina, 39 from Bansk, Bystrica and 91 from Rimavská Sobota). Venous blood samples were drawn in the morning, after a 12 hour overnight fast for biochemical analysis. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were determined enzymatically. HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) after selective precipitation lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated by the Friedewald Formula. Serum levels of apolipoproteins (apo A, apo B) were analyzed immunochemically. Concentration of lipoprotein a [Lp(a)] was analyzed by immunonephelometric method (Beckman-Coulter System). Anthropometric measurements, including weight, height, waist and hip circumference were used to calculate the sum of the body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR). Measured blood pressure (...
Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Fractions in Marginalized Roma versus Majority Population
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2018
The trend of modern clinical biochemistry is to emphasize the composition and the quality of lipoproteins over their quantity. The serum lipoprotein fractions and subfractions were analyzed by the Lipoprint Lipoprotein Subfractions Testing System, the parameters of lipid profile, as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triacylglycerides (TAG) were determined by an automated selective biochemical analyzer. Our results showed a significantly lower concentration of cholesterol in the LDL fractions 1 and 2 and in the HDL fractions 8 to 10 in Roma compared to the majority population. The most significant differences between Roma and the majority population when considering body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio and the index of central obesity were in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins, fraction A (IDL-A) and LDL-2. The last two listed were significantly higher in the majority population. VLDL was significantly higher in overweight or obese Roma men and in Roma men with central obesity compared to men from the majority population, as well as in Roma women with normal weight and physiological waist-to-hip ratio compared to the women from majority population. Our study is among the first describing the distribution of lipoprotein subfractions in different ethnic groups.
2012
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Central European journal of public health, 2014
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clustering of cardiovascular risk. The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among populations of lower socioeconomic status is a cause of concern and calls for an effective public health response. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Roma population compared with the non-Roma population in the eastern part of Slovakia and to determine the parameter which has the strongest association with metabolic syndrome. 123 Roma and 79 non-Roma patients with metabolic syndrome were evaluated. In the subgroup of Roma men, we found that waist circumference conferred the highest chance of MS (more than 12-times), followed by triglycerides (TG) (3.670-times). In the subgroup of non-Roma men, we found that waist circumference conferred the highest chance of MS (more than 16-times), followed by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (4.348-times increased risk per one unit decrease in HDL). In the subgroup of Roma women as well a...
Central European Journal of Public Health, 2011
The objective of the study was to determine some Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors in relation to cigarette smoking in 174 Roma children and adolescents (88 males and 86 females) and 131 non-Roma probands (males and females) aged 7-18 in central Slovakia. In this biethnic study, 26.4% of the Roma children and adolescents (more than twice contrary to the control group) were smokers. Among the studied ethnicities, the majority of smokers was Roma (79.3%, 46 subjects). Smoking Roma have higher means of TG, Lp(a) and WHR compared with non-smoking non-Roma. The most frequent CVD risk predictors of smoking Roma probands was low serum levels HDL-C, apo A (the Fisher test confirmed a significant relationship between cigarette smoking and HDL-C, apo A; p < 0.01). The results of the research should help to develop an effective preventative health education programs focused on Roma education (who live in a higher-risk environment compared to the majority population) in order to stem...
Journal of clinical lipidology
As a group, lipid disorders constitute one of the most important and common risk factors for atherosclerotic disease. According to the cardiovascular continuum theory, lipid disorders promote the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae, including acute coronary syndromes (ACS), ischemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. 1,2 Despite the introduction of very effective lipid-modifying drugs, hyperlipidemia is still poorly controlled and treated worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 7.2 million people worldwide die each year from coronary artery disease (CAD). 5 CAD is the most common cause of death in Europe, and ACS is a very common complication of this disease. Unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (MIs) are responsible for approximately 2.5 million hospital admissions worldwide and are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Western countries. 6 On the basis of 2006 mortality data, nearly 2300 Americans die of cardiovascular disease each day, which results in 840,000 deaths annually. Every year, 785,000 Americans experience their first MI, and MIs recur in approximately 470,000. 7 More than 100,000 Polish citizens sustain an incident MI every year. 2,8 These figures demonstrate the importance of continuing to place great emphasis on cardiovascular disease prevention, which should be one of the most important priorities for all cardiovascular societies and an area for strong, sustained international cooperation.
Prevalence of lipid abnormalities in Poland. The NATPOL 2011 survey
Kardiologia Polska, 2016
Background: Poland represents a country of high cardiovascular (CV) risk. The association between lipid abnormalities and increased CV risk is well established. Therefore, it is important to monitor the prevalence and control of dyslipidaemia. Aim: To evaluate serum lipids concentrations as well as the prevalence, awareness, and control of lipid abnormalities in a representative sample of adults in Poland. Methods: In 2011, in a national cross-sectional survey blood samples were collected from 1168 males and 1245 females, aged 18-79 years, for measurement of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) in blood serum. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated using Friedewald's formula. Results: Mean serum TC concentration was 197.1 mg/dL (95% CI 193.8-200.4) in males (M) and 198.6 mg/dL (95% CI 195.7-201.5) in females (F). Levels of LDL-C were 123.6 mg/dL (120.9-126.2) and 123.7 mg/dL (121.4-126.1), HDL-C-45.8 mg/dL (44.7-47.0) and 54.1 mg/dL (53.1-55.1), TG-140.9 mg/dL (133.0-148.8) and 104.0 mg/dL (99.8-108.2) for males and females, respectively. TC ≥ 190 mg/dL was found in 54.3% subjects (M 54.3%; F 54.4%). After adding patients on lipid-lowering treatment, hypercholesterolaemia was present in 61.1% of adults (M 60.8%; F 61.3%). LDL-C ≥ 115 mg/dL was detected in 57.8% of all subjects (M 58.3%; F 57.3%), while HDL-C < 40 mg/dL in 35.2% of males and < 45 mg/dL in 22% of females TG ≥ 150 mg/dL was found in 21.1% of subjects (M 28.4%; F 14.0%). The highest prevalence of elevated TC and LDL-C levels was present in the age group of 40-59-year-olds. Of those with hypercholesterolaemia 58.7% (M 61.5%, F 56.0%) were not aware of the condition; 22.0% (M 21.0%, F 24.5%) were aware but were not being treated; 8.1% (M 7.7%, F 8.5%) were treated but with TC ≥ 190 mg/dL; and only 10.9% (M 10.7%, F 11.0%) were being treated with TC < 190 mg/dL. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidaemia in Poland continues to be high-over 60% of adults have hypercholesterolaemia, and control remains poor. The results of the NATPOL 2011 survey call for urgent preventive measures.
Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM, 2013
A decreased serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular risk. However, total HDL is a very dynamic, changeable fraction, and does not perform the function of atherosclerosis markers. In the presented study, the pattern of serum lipids, including HDL-C subclasses (HDL2- and HDL3-cholesterol), in a middle- aged Polish Lower Silesia population was defined. A group of 746 males and 1,298 females, aged 35-70, were investigated. All subjects were participants in the PURE study. Mean serum lipid levels were determined for groups selected on the basis of gender, age, cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol and place of residence (urban/rural area). The data were analyzed using STATISTICA 6.0 PL. In multiple linear regression models, age was the most important independent and consistent predictor of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). The prevalence of low HDL-C (threshold 40 mg/dL in males, 50 mg/dL in females) was 16.5% for males a...
Age trends in prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Roma minority population of Croatia
2013
The Roma (Gypsy) are the largest European minority population characterized by poverty, social exclusion as well as by numerous life-style and cultural specificities, which all could have an adverse impact on their cardiovascular health. This study assesses the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors in community-based sample of 430 adult Roma, living in rural area of Croatia, by providing the actual and age-adjusted estimates using the European standard population. The most prominent classical CVD risk phenotypes (blood pressure, obesity, smoking, glucose and lipid profile) were selected, and the standard risk cut-offs were applied. The study has shown that compared to general population of Croatia, the Roma population bears a high CVD risk factors load related to smoking and high glucose level. The CVD risk factors prevalence in Roma also showed important sex and age patterns, the most imposing of which are the findings of higher prevalence of CVD risks in women (especially obesity and triglyceride levels) and the trend of higher body mass index (BMI) level in younger age group (18–34 years) which both stand in contrast to the trends characterizing the general population of Croatia. These findings are complemented by the trend of decreased risk in the oldest age group (65+ years) for all investigated CVD risk factors (with exception of triglycerides level) compared to the 50–64 age group. We conclude that the age and sex CVD risks pattern point to the health transition of this rural Roma population. As we expect the proportion of CVD in the Roma minority of Croatia to increase in the future along with further modernization of their lifestyle, the CVD prevention measures in this population are urgent and should be primarily targeted at women and at the younger segment of this population.