Urinary Schistosomiasis and Concomitant Bacteriuria in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Urinary schistosomiasis caused by fluke worm Schistosoma haematobium is one of the most common tropical diseases which poses serious health hazard due to its associated morbidities. A total of seventy-six (76) urine samples were collected from volunteers in Ewean community, Akoko – Edo Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. The urine samples were examined for the presence of bacteriuria and subsequently urine culture was carried out using standards bacteriological methods. Urinary Schiotosomiasis was found in twenty three (23) samples from the 76 urine samples collected and this was subsequently cultured. Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella aerogene and Proteus rettgeri were bacteria isolated from culture of the 23 positive samples. The prevalence of infection according to gender of the 23 individuals when compared to the number of schistosome eggs showed 15 (19.74%) of the volunteers had light infection as defined by <50 ova/10ml of urine while 8 (10.52%) volunteers has heavy infections as defined by ≥50 ova/10ml of urine. The 23 positive individual samples shows 17 males were infected while only 6 females were infected which implies that more males were exposed than females. The incidence and percentages of isolation was in the following decreasing order; Escherichia coli 8(34.78%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 4(17.39%), Proteus mirabilis 3(13.04%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3 (13.04%), Proteus rettgeri 3(13.04%) and Klebsiella aerogene 2(8.70%). Result showed that Escherichia coli had the highest incidence rate of 8(34.78%) while Klebsiella aerogene had the lowest incidence rate of 2(8.70%). It was concluded that urinary schistosomiasis is synonymous with urinary tract infection which affect the entire genitourinary tract. It therefore becomes necessary to recommend the incorporation of antibiotics to the management of urinary schistosomiasis.
Science World Journal, 2012
A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis in Abarma district of Gusau Local Government Area of Zamfara State, Nigeria. A total of 400 urine samples were collected and analyzed for the eggs of Schistosoma haematobium using the standard filtration technique out of which 296 (74.0%) were found to be infected. The mean egg intensity of infection was 77.63 eggs/10ml of urine. The infection rate was higher among males 81.7% than the females 68.6%, although the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The males had higher mean egg intensity of 139.36 eggs/10ml of urine compared to the females with 38.16%eggs/10ml of urine. The highest infection was recorded in the age group 10-19 years, with 86.8% and egg mean intensity of 102.7 eggs/10ml of urine while the least infection rate occurred within the 30- 39 years and 50-59 years age groups, with 55.0 and 50.0 eggs/10ml of urine respectively indicating infection to be age spec...
The prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in Enwan, a rural community of Edo state, Nigeria was study with a total of 300 individuals volunteering to take part in the investigation for the present of Schistosoma haematobium ovas in their urine samples. Of this total samples which comprises of 193 (64.3%) males and 107 (35.7%) females examined for the presence ova of S. haematobium in their urine using centrifugation technique, overall, 130 (43.3%) had the eggs of S. haematobium in their urine and which was graded as light infection (< 50 ova/10ml) and heavy infection (≥ 50 ova /10ml) of urine. A total of 75 (57.7%) had light infection while 55(42.3%) had heavy infection for S. haematobium. Thirty one (37.3%) had heavy infection while 52(62.7%) light infection of 83(63.9%) positive males for S. haematobium. Twenty four (51.1%) had heavy infection while 23(48.9%) had light infection of 47(36.1%) positive females for S. haematobium. Males had the highest to the lowest prevalence rate at age between 16 – 20years 37(71.2%
Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018
A study was carried out to determine prevalence of urinary Schistosomiasis among two villages located along Hadejia valley in Jigawa State, Nigeria. A total of 125 urine sample from people residing in each of the two villages (Yamidi and Shawara), were screened for the presence or absence of S. haematobium eggs. Urine sample were screened using Concentration Sedimentation Technique. The overall prevalence of S. haematobium infection in Yamidi was 76.8% with mean Eggs per cubic Centiliter (EPC) of 2.9, and in Shawara the overall prevalence was 77.6% with mean EPC of 3.4. Males were found to be more infected than female in both the two villages. People aged 1 to 5 years have highest prevalence of the infection in both the two villages than people among older age group. People with haematuria have highest prevalence of 95.1% and mean EPC of 6.0 than people without haematuria that have lower prevalence of 72.0% and mean EPC of 3.4.There was no significant relationship (p > 0.05) between the infection and presence or absence of haematuria. This study has established that urinary schistosomiasis is endemic in the study area.
Journal of Water and Health
Schistosomiasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases, affecting about 240 million people worldwide. Urinary schistosomiasis (US) is a chronic and debilitating disease caused by blood flukes, Schistosoma haematobium, and people with US are vulnerable to secondary infections caused by bacteria. The study was designed to evaluate the risk factors involved in US and urinary tract infection (UTI) in parts of Ondo State, Nigeria. The study areas were rural communities known to be endemic for schistosomiasis, with farming as their major occupation and they depend solely on the use of the infected rivers for their day to day activities. Structured questionnaires were administered to obtain information concerning the infections. Five hundred and nine community dwellers participated in the study. The results showed that schistosomiasis was significant for gender and age (X2(1) = 23.934, p = 0.000) and (X2(7) = 85.991, p = 0.000), respectively, while UTI was not significant for age and ge...
Urinary schistosomiasis and bacteriuria was investigated in Enwan community in order to determine the various bacteria associated with the infection and there antibiogram. A total of 300 Positive individuals for Schistosoma haematobium, comprising of 193 (64.3%) males and 107 (35.7%) females had their urine samples collected, examined and cultured using standard bacteriological techniques. The bacteria isolated include: Escherichia coli 30 (30.6%), Klebsiella aerogenes 22 (22.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12 (12.2%), Proteus rettgeri 24 (24.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus 10 (10.2%) in the decreasing order of isolate. The antimicrobial sxusceptibility pattern of these bacteria revealed varying susceptibilies by all isolates to Gentamycin and bacteriuria is a major difficulty encountered in the management of urinary schistosomiasis. Therefore, there is also need to incorporate antibacterial therapy to the integrated morbidity control approach of diagnosis, drugs treatment, snail control in mass schistosomicidal treatment programmes along with other public health interventions such as access to safe water, improved sanitation, health education, health communication and appropriate case management.
Urinary schistosomiasis among children and teenagers near Oyan dam, Abeokuta, Nigeria
Journal of Rural and Tropical Public Health, 2011
Objectives: Studies were carried out to determine the status of urinary schistosomiasis among pre-school and school-aged children in three communities around Oyan dam, South Western Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009. Urine samples were collected and investigated for the presence of microhaematuria using the Medi-Test Combi 9 reagent strip. Urine was also microscopically examined. Results: Of 120 urine samples collected at Ibaro-Oyan, Abule Titun and Abule Sikiru communities, both Medi-Test Combi 9 reagent strip and microscopy revealed prevalences were 66.7% (95% confidence interval: 57.5 to 75.0) and 71.7% (95%-CI: 62.7 to 79.5), respectively. There was no significant difference in infection rates between sexes, although rates were slightly higher in females. Overall, infection rates increased with age (microhaematuria: p=0.030; S. haematobium eggs: p=0.006). Conclusions: The results indicate that the communities around Oyan dam were still endemic with ...
The aim of the study was to assess the current status and the level of awareness of urinary schistosomiasis in Emelego community, Rivers State, Nigeria using the standard method for examination of schistosomiasis. Prevalence of infection showed that out of the 350 urine samples examined, none was positive (Zero prevalence) for urinary schistosomiasis. Haematuria and proteinuria showed that those within the age range of 31-40years had more cases of Haematuria at 15(62.5%) while those within >51years had zero cases. The highest prevalence of proteinuria was within the age range 51-60 years with 3(100.0%) while the least case was recorded within the age 31-40 years with 9(37.5 %). There was a significant association (P<0.05) between age and prevalence of Haematuria and Proteinuria. Prevalence on the bases of sex showed there was a significant association (P<0.05) between sex and Haematuria and Proteinuria. The level of awareness of schistosomiasis between males and females showed that more males (23.08%) were aware than females (15.74%).However, the difference was not significant (P>0.05). In conclusion, schistosomiasis is no longer a threat to inhabitants of Emelego community of Abua/Odua Local Government Area of Rivers State.
Urinary Schistosomiasis among School Pupils in Ilie Community , Southwestern Nigeria
2016
Urinary schistosomiasis though a neglected disease is endemic in many rural communities in Nigeria and is second only to malaria. The present study was carried out to determine the current status of urinary schistosomiasis in Ilie, a rural community in Southwestern Nigeria. Urine samples were collected from 320 school pupils (4-15 years old) and examined for ova of Schistosoma haematobium. Out of the 320 urine samples examined, 131 (40.9%) had ova of S. haematobium. The prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis between the male (42.8%) and female (39.0%) participants was not significantly different (p = 0.49) but prevalence increased significantly with increase in age (p = 0.002). The overall geometric mean intensity of infection was 38.2 eggs/10 ml urine. The intensity of infection was not dependent on sex (p = 0.79) or age (p = 0.69). The overall prevalence of haematuria in this study was 26.3%. The prevalence of haematuria was independent on sex (p = 0.72) but varied significantly wi...
Distribution Pattern of Human Urinary Schistosomiasis in Kwara State, Nigeria
American Journal of Infectious Diseases
Human urinary schistosomiasis is a severe parasitic infectious disease in many rural communities in tropical Africa. The status of infection in Kwara State is inadequately documented. We, therefore, investigated distribution pattern of infection amongst school-aged children in the three Senatorial Districts of the state. Of 3757 urine samples examined, 670 (17.8%) were infected with 8.9% in Central, 13.5% in South and 28.7% in the North Senatorial districts. The overall geometric mean intensity and mean population egg load were 347.3 and 61.9 eggs per 10 mL urine respectively. Generally, infection is age and sex dependent (p<0.05). Males had significantly higher prevalence and intensity of infections than the female (20.6%, 361 eggs/10 mL of urine vs. 14.3%, 340 eggs/10 mL of urine; p<0.0001). A high eggcounts of 412.25 eggs/10 mL urine was recorded among 16-20 years age group in Kwara central. In this study, 27.2 and 10.7% were moderately and heavily infected respectively. There is a significant association between intensity of infection and prevalence of haematuria and proteinuria among the infected population (p<0.0001). Our findings show that urinary schistosomiasis is endemic among kwaran schoolchildren and further study is recommended to reveal the essentials attributable risk factors of infection in the endemic communities.