Maternal Sociodemographic Parameters: Impact on Trace Element Status and Pregnancy Outcomes in Nigerian Women (original) (raw)
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Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences
For a comparative study of plasma copper, iron and zinc between anaemic and non-anaemic pregnant women, data for anaemic (n = 223) and non-anaemic (n = 126) pregnant women drawn from a cohort of 351 pregnant Nigerians recruited at gestational age of ≤ 25 weeks for the study of impacts of trace element status on pregnancy outcomes were analysed. With the exception of plasma copper which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in anaemic women in comparison to the non-anaemic women (10.11 ± 10.15 vs. 8.68 ± 7.92 µmol/l), plasma iron and zinc were lower (p > 0.05) in the former. While plasma copper, iron and zinc concentration were not correlated with maternal haemoglobin concentration, plasma zinc significantly correlated negatively (r = -0.141, p < 0.05) with plasma copper. It is thus concluded that anaemia in pregnant women in this population may partly be due to a combination of trace element deficiencies and their interactions with each other. While interventions should go beyond improving intakes, more research is desired to clearly define these interactions.
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2010
Micronutrient deficiencies, especially during pregnancy have been identified as important public health problem especially in economically disadvantaged settings. To determine the effect of maternal deficiencies of copper and zinc on pregnancy outcomes in a population of pregnant Nigerians, 349 pregnant women aged 15-40 years (mean; 27.04±2.75 years) recruited at gestational age of <25 week (mean; 21.8±3.14 wks) were evaluated for plasma copper and zinc using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The women were followed-up till delivery during which maternal morbidity and foetal outcomes were recorded. Both maternal sociodemographic and obstetric data were obtained by questionnaire. One hundred and sixty (45.8%) women were zinc deficient (mean = 2.65±1.16 µmol/l), 58.2% were deficient in copper (mean = 3.26±1.80 µmol/l), 23.8% were deficient in both copper and zinc while 18.6% were not deficient in either copper or zinc. There was comparative prevalence of illness in copper-deficient and copper-adequate mothers, except for hypertension which was significantly (p = 0.021) higher in the former. Significantly (p = 0.026) higher proportion of zinc adequate pregnant women suffered upper respiratory tract infections and malaria when compared with their zinc deficient counterparts. However, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found to be significantly (p<0.05) higher in mothers who were zinc deficient. Both plasma copper and zinc status had no significant effect on foetal outcome. The reason for the lack of effect of copper and zinc deficiencies on foetal outcomes in the presence of adverse maternal outcomes remained unknown.
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2010
With the increasing speculations of the involvement of nutrition, particularly trace elements in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, a comparative study of plasma copper, iron and zinc levels was carried out between preeclamptic and non-eclamptic Nigerian women living in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria. Data for 40 preeclamptic and 40 non-eclamptic women matched for age, gestational age, Body Mass Index (BMI), parity and socioeconomic status from a cohort of 349 pregnant women recruited at gestational age <25 weeks for the assessment of impacts of trace elements' status on pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. In addition to trace elements which were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Buck Scientific, Model AVG 210), Total White Blood Cell Count (TWBC) and Haemoglobin Concentration (HbC) were determined using standard laboratory techniques. The preeclamptic and the non-eclamptic women had comparable TWBC and HbC with the former having significantly (p < 0.05) higher blood pressure. However, although, the preeclamptic women had lower plasma copper, iron and zinc levels than the non-eclamptic women, only copper was found to be statistically significant (6.02±7.23 vs. 10.23±9.84 µmol/l, p<0.05). It is thus concluded that preeclampsia is associated with significant decrease in plasma copper. Further research is desired to elucidate the role of trace elements, especially copper in the pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension.
Role of trace elements zinc, copper and magnesium during pregnancy and its outcome
Indian journal of pediatrics, 2004
Trace element deficiencies have been documented to play an important role in determination of the fetal outcome. Pregnant women in developing countries have been reported to consume diets with a lower density of minerals and vitamins. Deficiencies of trace elements like zinc, copper and magnesium have been implicated in various reproductive events like infertility, pregnancy wastage, congenital anomalies, pregnancy induced hypertension, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, still births and low birth weight. The present review article highlights the important of role played by zinc, copper and magnesium during pregnancy and its outcome. The role of individual trace elements and in combination with other trace elements has not been completely documented. There is a need to undertake further studies in this field.
Essential and Non-Essential Metals Profile in Blood of some Nigerian Pregnant Women
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2015
In this study, the concentrations of some essential (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Zn) and non-essential metals (Cd and Pb) were determined in blood of pregnant women aged between 15-45 years and enrolled at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, for antenatal care. Fifty samples of whole blood were collected from the pregnant women and twenty five samples from non pregnant women as control. Levels of essential and non-essential metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The analyses were performed in order to assess the body burden of pregnant women with the metals and the health implications of the latter to pregnant women and their fetuses. Data analysis by descriptive and inferential statistics revealed that age, education, and profession correlate with the levels of the metals. The mean levels of the two non-essential metals obtained in this study were lower than the recommended limits for whole blood. While compared with other studies of pregnant women elsewhere results obtain were generally higher. Generally the values obtained in this study have indicated no serious body burden on the pregnant women. The importance of establishing factors that influence low human exposure concentrations is becoming critical in efforts to reduce exposures and hence the potential for adverse health effects. ©JASEM
Scientific Reports
Micro-nutrients are required in small amounts to maintain growth and cell functioning to complete the life cycle through reproductions. However, pregnant women in developing countries like Ethiopia are vulnerable to multiple micro-nutrient deficiencies. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the serum level of metals and associated factors like dietary diversity, and health-related problems in pregnant women among small-scale farming in Kellem Wellega, western Ethiopia. A cross-sectional laboratory-based study was conducted from June to August 2021 on 417 pregnant women attending antenatal care at rural healthcare facilities. Data was collected by using per-tested structured questionnaires via face-to-face interviews. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between predictor and outcome variables. A statistically significant was considered at p value < 0.05 for all the anal...
Blood Copper, Zinc, Calcium, and Magnesium Levels During Different Duration of Pregnancy in Chinese
Biological Trace Element Research, 2010
Concentrations of various trace elements are altered during pregnancy with changes in the mother’s physiology and the requirements of growing fetus. The aim of the present longitudinal study was to learn the changes of trace element copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) of normal pregnant woman during different durations of pregnancy and establish the reference values of changes of statistical significance. Blood samples were obtained from 128 normal pregnant women during early (10–14th week), mid (20–24th week), and late (30–34th week) pregnancy and 6–12th week postpartum and 120 healthy unpregnant healthy women. The full blood concentrations of chosen elements were measured by means of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Changes on levels of Cu, Ca, and Mg during all the three durations of pregnancy and Zn during mid and late pregnancy and postpartum were of statistical significance and new reference values of them were set in the present study. These new reference values will be helpful in assessing the health status of pregnant women with a socioeconomic and racial background similar to those of our study participants and give treatments to them promptly.
Zinc, Copper and Iron Levels of Normal and Low Birth Weight Neonates and Their Respective Mothers
Human body and all biological systems need a wide range of nutrients including minerals to perform various functions and to lead a productive life. Thus a number of minerals' intake daily is recommended for maintenance of sound health (1). Inadequate dietary intake of trace elements in pregnancy has adverse effects on birth weight. Therefore, elements including zinc, copper and iron were determined in normal and low birth weight neonates and their respective mothers. For this purpose blood samples were collected from Allied Hospital, Faisalabad and Gynecology, Centre, Jhang. They were centrifuged immediately; serum was separated into small serum cups and stored at 4°C for further analysis. Physical parameters, i.e., age, body temperature, height, weight and blood pressure were also recorded. Elemental analysis was done by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Significant differences were observed in body temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, age, zinc, copper and iron le...