Optimization of the process of primary school age children adaptation: practical expertise (original) (raw)
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Physical condition of primary school children in school year dynamics
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The publication covers the issues of primary school-aged children’s physical condition, the analysis of somatometrical, somatoscopical and physiometric parameters of primary school-aged children’s physical condition during the school year allows for the conclusion that the indices of children’s physical development and its balance are mainly located within average indices. The indices of cardiovascular system functioning in primary school-aged children are as well within average values, which is proved by the results of analyzing the indices of adaptive and potential capacity of children’s bodies. Poor indices of respiratory system functioning, as well as the indices of physical efficiency and physical fitness in primary school children were revealed. The survey of disease incidence in primary school children indicated that over half of children have non-contagious diseases, with the highest rate of musculoskeletal disorders. Psychoemotional responses to study load of the majority o...
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Over the last twenty years, rapid changes in the lifestyles of children and adolescents have been observed worldwide. Studies of secular changes show that changes in the lifestyles of children and adolescents in developed countries are manifested in an increased amount of subcutaneous fat, in a higher proportion of overweight population and in deterioration of their motor performance, particularly endurance and strength. Poor physical fitness of children and youth is associated with many preventable diseases and poses a serious current and future public health problem. Regular and quality physical activity (PA) during childhood can lead to improvements in numerous physiological and morphological variables in children and youth. Therefore, school-based PA interventions are important in improvements of PA level of children and their outcomes. One of PA intervention programmes started in Slovenia in September 2014. Recently, this intervention has been offered to schoolchildren between the ages of 10 and 12. Studies of physical development of children aged 10-12 have revealed that the proportion of overweight and obese children in Slovenia has been increasing, particularly in this age group, and that physical fitness of these children has been decreasing even more than amongst adolescent youth. Such school-based PA intervention can significantly influence the physical fitness of children. Therefore, the concept of design of new PA intervention programme, grounded on research-based data, is presented to show that the planning of such intervention programme should be based on research evidence and experience, should include modern approaches to the programme content and its implementation, should be organizationally well designed and should also be implemented by professional, competent teachers.
Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Sport Preparation of Selected Children and Young Athletes
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Sport is an integral part of the educational process implemented on the level of pre-primary education (ISCED 0) and integrated basic education (ISCED 1 and 2). The children in primary schools (ISCED 1: grades 1-4, ISCED 2: grades 5-8) have the opportunity to partake in highquality extracurricular sport activities organised in school sports clubs. Sport activities implemented in the course of basic education are instrumental in the development of physical abilities and acquisition of motor skills that are important for systematic sports training, as well as recreational, leisure time activities later in life. School sports clubs are organised forms of activity targeting a wide base of children, among which, only a few meet the criteria for becoming top athletes. Sport has a significant impact on the psychosomatic development of children and youth, i.e. the development of the abilities, characteristics and motor skills applicable throughout one's life. Aside from improving the ch...
The publication covers the issues of primary school-aged children’s physical condition, the analysis of somatometrical, somatoscopical and physiometric parameters of primary school-aged children’s physical condition during the school year allows for the conclusion that the indices of children’s physical development and its balance are mainly located within average indices. The indices of cardiovascular system functioning in primary school-aged children are as well within average values, which is proved by the results of analyzing the indices of adaptive and potential capacity of children’s bodies. Poor indices of respiratory system functioning, as well as the indices of physical efficiency and physical fitness in primary school children were revealed. The survey of disease incidence in primary school children indicated that over half of children have non-contagious diseases, with the highest rate of musculoskeletal disorders. Psychoemotional responses to study load of the majority of children are close to negative ones. The data, received as the research result, indicates the necessity to conduct fitness and health recreation activity for the primary school-aged children as a part of physical education, aiming to improve the indices of their physical conditions. Key words: physical condition, primary school children, physical education. Butenko H. Physical condition of primary school children in school year dynamics / H. Butenko, N. Goncharova, V. Saienko, H. Tolchieva, I. Vako // Journal of Physical Education and Sport. – 2017. – Vol. 17, Issue 2, Art. 82. – pp. 543 – 549.
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Taking into account the psychophysical development of a young person, a child in particular, attention should be paid to forming certain habits related to physical activity, health, nutrition, hygiene, and aesthetics during the preschool period as such habits will be of utmost importance in his/ her adult life. Physical activity of children affects various health parameters both today and in the future. Specialists draw attention to the correlation between physical activity and the development of the musculoskeletal system, body posture, the nervous, respiratory and vegetative systems. The lack of physical activity may result in cardiovascular diseases or obesity. These are just some of the reasons for which people need physical activity in their lives. Bearing in mind the lack of research on this issue, it was decided to conduct research on the physical activity of children (210 students) aged 4-6 attending selected kindergartens located in the town of Biała Podlaska, Poland. The l...
Lifestyle and Physical Fitness in Early School-Age Children
Aim of the study: the aim of the study was determining relation between selected health behaviour aspects and level of physical fitness in 1 st - 3 rd grade pupils at primary school in Malbork (Pomorskie province). Materials and Methods: the research was conducted in 2009 among 153 children aged 7-10 years. The research group consisted of 80 girls and 73 boys. The diagnostic survey method with use of a questionnaire technique and a set of indirect motor trials was applied. Results: the research has shown that the health behaviours of young Polish children do not differ from their peers in other countries. The largest percentage of early school-age children in Malbork achieved the average level of physical fitness (57.0%), while the percentage of students with low (22.0%) and high (21.0%) level was similar. Conclusions: the connection between pro-health attitudes of early school-age children (i.e., leisure activities, own health condition, nutrition and the use of drugs) and the leve...
Journal of physical education and sport, 2018
Introduction: Child's body is a complex self-regulating system, the formation of which is influenced both by the genetic factor and the environmental factors. The younger school age is characterized by an active process of formation of morpho-functional structures of the body. The objective of this study is to monitor the physical condition in seven-to-nine-year-old children in the process of physical education. Material and methods: The study was carried out on the basis of secondary schools No. 6, No. 30, No. 27, No. 33 and No. 22 during 2016-2017 school year. Altogether 595 pupils of primary school age (n = 595) were involved in the study, including 210 schoolchildren of 7 years, 200 schoolchildren of 8 years old, and 185 schoolchildren of 9 years. For the samples that corresponded to the normal distribution law, the parametric Student's t-test was used; for the samples that did not correspond to the normal distribution law, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis criterion was ...