Perspectives of Sustainable Development of Tourism in the North-East Region of Romania (original) (raw)
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During the past decades, more and more governments have admitted the importance of tourism as catalyst of economic and social development. Therefore tourism has been praised for its rapid and sustained development, although not even its’ most optimistic advocates couldn’t foresee such growth and resistance during global economic recession periods, when tourism has maintained or even strengthened its position. After a period during which has had a fluctuating evolution, influenced by the general economic, social and political situation, Romanian tourism seems to have taken an ascendant trajectory during the past years. Supporting this statement is the WTTC report “Romania – The impact of travel and tourism on jobs and the economy” which presents optimistic forecasts regarding Romanian tourism. Moreover, the growth of some new, modern types of tourism in our country such as business tourism, rural tourism, urban tourism, etc., sustain the idea of a positive trend in the evolution of R...
Sustainable Tourism in Romania: Tendencies, Opportunities and Threats (coautor)
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Tourism represents one of the fast-developing sectors in Europe. The economic, political and demographic changes indicate that the proportion of common expenses for tourism is increasing fast, but the political measures for promoting long-term tourism advance slowly. It is well known that there is a tight interdependence between the global economic growth, the structure of economy, the use of natural resources and the changes in the environment. The economic activities using natural resources modify the environment; moreover, the nature of this change also determines the way in which these activities will take place in the future. People's welfare results not only from economic activities, but also from the joy the environment, in its broadest sense, can generate. As a distinct sub-field of economy, tourism develops in complex and very diverse forms. Therefore, tourism became a growing burden for the environment because of the use of water, soil and energy, of the development of the infrastructure, of buildings and facilities, because of pollution and waste, of soil fragmentation and the increase of the number of secondary residences. In some popular destinations, these pressures have caused a severe degradation of the local environment, which in its turn affects the tourist interest of these places. Some countries that used to be little visited in the past, especially in Central and Eastern Europe, such as Romania, are becoming more and more attractive due to their economic transition and opening of borders, which provides them with huge potential for the development of tourism. The holiday spending model changes, as pauses are shorter and people travel more often for shorter stays, and visit places that are more remote from their home. The price of trips continues to lower, and at the same time the tourism quota in common expenses grows. This should not make us forget, as Norbert Suchanek says, that there are three tourist tendencies extremely dangerous for the environment and for the social and economic situation in the developing countries that have expanded, that is, an increase in the number of plane travelers, of all-inclusive holidays and of cruises. Tourist experience has proved, in time, that irrespective of the type of tourism practiced, in general there result a series of impacts felt both by the society and at the level of the natural environment. The development of tourism in a certain area must not affect however the socio-economic interests of the resident population, nor those of the environment an, especially, of the natural resources that represent the main attraction, together with historic and cultural sites. Long-term development of tourism is especially apparent in the following three important fields: economy, ecology and society and culture. Long-term tourism can be implemented with tourist development, which must be supported under an ecological aspect, viable and profitable from an economic point of view, and balanced from an ethical and social point of view for the local population. Keywords: long-term tourism, tourist development, tourist tendencies, ethics In this context, we aim in this paper to identify the tendencies manifested through opportunities and threats for long-term tourism in Romania, considering that numerous supporting and financing actions for tourism are the focus of Europe and the entire world.
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