Impact of solid waste burning air pollution on some physio-anatomical characteristics of some plants (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Current Science (IJCSPUB), 2023
In the present comparative investigation, studies have been done with special reference to the chlorophyll content of plants, the stomatal index, and leaf area to check the consequences of vehicular exhaust on selected parameters in a polluted area by comparing it with a non polluted area. The sample leaves of three roadside species, viz., Calotropis procera, Dalbergia sissoo, and Bougainvillea spectabilis, were collected in high traffic regions and compared with those in areas that are less polluted. Considerable reductions in stomatal index and leaf length and width were observed at sites receiving higher vehicular emissions. The chlorophyll a, b, and total content were quantified, and the resultant data showed a reduction in chlorophyll a, b, and total contents at polluted sites when compared to non-or less polluted areas.
EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON PLANTS IN ULHASNAGAR GARDEN AREA AND AMBERNATH MIDC AREA
Bhumi Publishing, 2023
Air pollution is the one of most common factors for environmental degradation. Air is highly polluted due to industrialization and transportation resulting in increasing SO2 and NO2. Air pollution has harmful effects on human and plant health and their physiological activity. Plants play a major role in balancing the ecological System. Air pollution affect plant biochemical parameter like total chlorophyll content, relative water content, leaf extract pH, etc. The present study evaluates and compares these biochemical parameters of ten plants species growing in MIDC area of Ambernath and Garden area of Ulhasnagar. Ambernath MIDC area has been used as study area and Ulhasnagar Garden area has been used as control. Introduction: Pollution is caused due to human activity. Air is an essential resource for the substance of life and all organisms need clean air for their healthy growth and development (Rai et al., 2013). But today this air has become highly polluted due to industrialization and urbanization (Lohe et al., 2015). The major contributor to the air pollution problem is the transport sector. Air pollution affects the plant via leaf or indirectly via soil acidification. Air pollution affects plants physiologically like chlorophyll content, leaf size, stomata size or stomata number, etc. the chlorophyll content of the plant is important for photosynthetic activity as well as the growth and development of biomass. The air pollution tolerance index indicates the potential of vegetation to encounter air pollutants and all components of trees can be used as biomonitors. The plant species which are more sensitive acts as a biological indicator of air pollutants. The response of plants of air pollution at physiological and biochemical level can be understood by analyzing Some Biochemical Methods and Parameter Chlorophyll content, leaf extract pH, and Relative water content in leaf. The Ambernath MIDC area is an industrial and transport sector zone. This zone has many chemicals, textile, metal industries. Due to high rate of transportation plant suffer from abiotic stress and change their physiological activity. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the biochemical parameter of plants in the MIDC area and a garden area. The impact of various air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter on the plants was studied. The analysis was focused on the differences in tolerance index of plants growing in the MIDC area and garden area. Furthermore, the effects of air pollution on the growth and health of plants in the two locations was also studied. This study aims in understanding the effect of air pollution on plants.
Effect of Air Pollution on Chlorophyll Content of Leaves
Current Agriculture Research Journal, 2013
In the present investigation, comparative studies have been done, to find the effect of air pollutants generated from the exhaust of industries and automobiles on the chrorophyll content of leaves. The leaves samples of Azadirachta indica, Nerium oleander, Mangifera indica and Dalbergia sissoo were collected from areas with potentially higher and lower levels of air pollution Photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids were quantified. A reduction in the photosynthetic pigments of plant leaves growing in higher polluted site as compared to non or less polluted ones.
Effect of Air Pollution on the Anatomy Some Tropical Plants
Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2014
The problem of impact of air pollutants on vegetation is quite complex. Our knowledge on the impact of air pollutants on different plant species comes largely from the morphological and physiological investigations. The effects of pollutants on different tropical plants have conceived relatively little attention than the tropical animals. The observations recorded in the present study on the extent of circumference of shoot axis, cortex area, pith, xylem area, fibre length, and the number of stomata/field of Abutilon indicum G.Don, Croton sparsiflorus Morong and Cassia occidentalis Linn. has clearly indicated that air pollutants emitted from the clay industry and automobile exhaust exercised a decisive influence on the above parameters. A statistical analysis of the data obtained from the study showed a significant reduction in circumference of shoot axis and xylem area of the plants. But cortex and pith areas did not show any significant variation between the control and the polluted samples.
Effect of Pollution on Chlorophyll Content in Plants from Urban Locality
Indian journal of applied research, 2018
The present study was conducted to analyse the effect of air pollution on the chlorophyll content on four different plant species namely F. benghalensis; M. indica; A.indica; F.racemosa. The study highlights the level of Chlorophyll A and Chlorophyll B along with total Chlorophyll a+b from all the four plants collected from polluted and non polluted site. It was observed in the present study, the level of Chlorophyll A and Chlorophyll B were less in the sample collected from polluted area as compared with the sample collected from non polluted area. Out of the entire plant sample under study, the level of Chlorophyll A and B was higher in Ficus benghalensis. The present study clearly indicates that due to automobiles the levels of pollutants in the air have increased and their adverse effect is seen on the chlorophyll content of the plant. There by affecting the percentage of energy production in photosynthesis.
Urban air quality around commercial and residential areas in cities has been progressively deteriorating due to gaseous pollutants released by an increasing load of vehicular on the roads resulting in adverse effects on human health. Plants due to their gas exchange have capability combat gaseous pollutants. The Phytoremediation capability and capacity of plants has been studied through the use of Anticipated Pollution Index (API) and Air pollution tolerance Index (APTI). Apart from other factors, the ecological significance of each plant has been considered for evaluating the API. The present study was undertaken for 40 plants, Syzygium cumini, Menispermum cordifoliu, Albizia lebbeck, Saborium chinense Raf. Eclipta prostrate, Tectona grandis, Thevetia peruviana, Nerium oleander Linn, Pithecellobium dulc, Alianthus excelsa Roxb., etc.. Phoenix humili (3.65) and Calotropis gigantean (15.13) with highest APTI were found to be more tolerant to gaseous pollutants, whereas Syzygium cumini is anticipated to be better performer along road sides on the API score. Others plants found to be excellent performers were
International Association of Biologicals and Computational Digest
Plants can be used to mitigate increasing air pollution from vehicular exhaust by planting them along roadside. The present study focuses on the changes on physiological parameters selected tree species growing along road passing through Kalupur fruit market and Vimal Park society, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The leaf samples of four trees were collected observe some physiological and biochemical parameters including pH of the leaf extract, Relative Water Content, Stomatal index, and Total Chlorophyll. Result of study showed that Ficus religiosa has the highest pH of leaf extract at polluted site, Azadirachta indica has highest total chlorophyll compared to non-polluted and Polyalthia longifolia has highest Stomatal index and RWC.