www.ijsr.net Role of Antioxidants on Thyroid Hormones in Wister Rats (original) (raw)
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Role of Antioxidants on Thyroid Hormones in Wister Rats
2014
It is estimated that huge amount of ROS, especially of H2O2, are produced in the thyroid under physiological conditions, justifying the statement that the thyroid gland is an organ of “oxidative nature”. The present research work aimed to investigate the free radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in both hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients.Adult male Wister rats, weighing around 150-200 gms used in this study. Rats were maintained in the animal care facilities. Under veterinary supervision, food and water were supplied ad labium to the animals. All rats were fed with normal diet (20% protein). Animal studies were performed in compliance with generally accepted guidelines governing such work. Rats have been administered with known amount of Vitamin C, Vitamin E and turmeric. Results showed increased levels of thyroxin in rats after 15 days. ( Vit C-5.2 ± 1.2 NS,Vit E 5.3 ± 0.5 NS and Turmeric-5.3 ± 0.87 NS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2014
Antioxidant vitamins neutralize free radicals and may prevent unwanted free radical cellular damage in the body. Free radicals damage other molecules by removing electrons and destroying deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA.The thyroid gland is an organ of "oxidative nature" as huge amount of ROS, especially of H 2 O 2 , are produced in the thyroid under physiological conditions. Aims-To evaluate the effect of antioxidants on thyroid hormones in rats, fourty wistar were used in this study and with antioxidants namely Vit. C, Vit. E and Turmeric. Methods-The present research work has been undertaken to investigate the free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant status in both hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients.Adult male Wister rats, weighing around 150-200 gms were used in this research work and under maintained animal care facilities and veterinary supervision. All rats were fed with normal diet (20% protein) and have been administered with known amount of Vitamin C, Vitamin E and turmeric.Results-Samples has been analysed after 15 & 30 days of feeding. Results showed increased levels of thyroxin in rats after 15 days (Vit C-5.2 ± 1.2 NS,Vit E-5.3 ± 0.5 NS and Turmeric-5.3 ± 0.87 NS).Conclusion-It was observed that the circulating levels of T3 were significantly increased in Vit. C, Vit. E and Turmeric extract treated rats (Table-2 and 3). The thyroid hormones responded to antioxydants indicating the significance of antioxydants for the prevention of occurrence of certain diseases in thyroid gland by protecting biological system against potentially harmful effects of processes or reactions that can cause excessive oxidations.
Thyroid Hormones in Excess Induce Oxidativestress in Rats
Acta Endocrinologica (Bucharest), 2009
Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in the regulation of the mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Hyperthyroidism caused by the acceleration of the energy metabolism leads to the occurrence of cellular oxidative stress. The aim is to evaluate the pro-oxidant / antioxidant balance and the effect of vitamin E supplementation in damage caused by the excessive administration of thyroid hormones. Materials and Methods. White, male Wistar rats were used in the study. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (1:control group, 2:animals treated with L-Thyroxine 10 µg/animal/day for 30 days, 3:L-Thyroxin treated rats protected with vitamin E 10 mg/animal/day). Malondialdehyde (MDA), the marker of lipid peroxidation, carbonyl proteins, SH groups, glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined from the serum, while MDA, carbonyl proteins, SH groups and GSH were determined from the thyroid tissue homogenates. The results showed increased levels of carbonyl proteins (1.31±0.33 nmol/mg protein, p=0.0001) in serum in thyrotoxic group versus control, while MDA levels did not differ significantly from the control. Significantly low values of the SH groups, GSH and SOD were found (p<0.001) in the plasma of Thyroxin treated rats. Vitamin E supplementation significantly increased plasma MDA levels in the Thyroxin treated group as compared with the control group (p=0.01) and with the animals treated only with Thyroxin (p=0.04). Carbonyl protein levels in plasma of the hyperthyroid supplemented rats were also increased as compared to controls (p=0.0002). Antioxidant capacity markers in plasma of group 3 were decreased compared with group 1. The marker of lipid peroxidation (MDA) significantly decreased in thyroid homogenates of the group 2 as compared with group 1 (p=0.004). Significantly high levels of the SH groups (p=0.0006) and low levels of GSH (p=0.0001) were found in thyroid homogenates of the L-Thyroxin treated group as compared with controls. These results suggest that experimental hyperthyroidism is accompanied with increased oxidative stress and with the consumption of antioxidant enzymes in induced oxidative aggressions. No protective effects of vitamin E on oxidative stress induced by excessive administration of thyroid hormones were detected.
Journal of Endocrinology, 1997
The effects of altered thyroid states on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, and susceptibility to oxidative stress of rat tissues were examined. Hypothyroidism was induced by administering methimazole in drinking water for 15 days. Hyperthyroidism was elicited by a 10-day treatment of hypothyroid rats with tri-iodothyronine (10 micrograms/100 g body weight). In tissues of hypothyroid rats the lipid peroxidation was not modified, whereas in hyperthyroid rats lipid peroxidation increased in liver and heart but not in skeletal muscle. The glutathione peroxidase activity increased significantly in heart and muscle of hypothyroid rats and in muscle of hyperthyroid rats. The glutathione reductase activity was not modified in tissues of hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats. In both rat groups the whole antioxidant capacity of tissues decreased, but significantly only in liver and heart. The results obtained studying the response to oxidative stress in vitro indicated that the susceptib...
The impact of thyroid activity variations on some oxidizing-stress parameters in rats
Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2007
The effect of the thyroid activity on the formation of lipid peroxidation and on liver and heart antioxidant enzyme activities was investigated in Wistar rats. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism conditions were induced for five weeks by the administration of 0.05% benzythiouracile (BTU) and L-thyroxine sodium salt (0.0012%), in drinking water, respectively. No significant effect was observed on the rates of both lipid peroxidation and the vitamin E in hepatic and cardiac tissues of hypothyroidism rats compared to the controls, contrary to the hyperthyroidism rats, which expressed a pronounced increase. The increased glutathione peroxydase activity in rats suffering from hyperthyroidism was associated with a fall of the reduced glutathione in the homogenate and a marked increase in the glutathione reductase activity. An increase in superoxyde dismutase and catalase activities was also recorded in hyperthyroidism. Our results explain the thyroid activity variation in relation to the lipid peroxidation and the tissular contents of the enzymatic and the non-enzymatic antioxidants. To conclude, our results show the occurrence of a state of oxidizing stress in relation to hyperthyroidism. To cite this article: M.
Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 2010
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dysthyroidism on lipid peroxidation, antioxidants status, liver, and serum dysfunction parameters in the hypo-/hyperthyroidism-induced rats. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism conditions were induced for 5 weeks by administration of 0.05% benzythiouracile (BTU) and L-thyroxine sodium salt (0.0012%), in drinking water, respectively. The enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and the lipid peroxidation product; thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) were measured in liver as indicators of oxidative damage. However, liver dysfunction parameters represented by the activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), were measured in serum. In hyperthyroidism rats, the TBARS contents of liver have significantly increased compared to those in hypothyroid rats and the controls (po0.001), associated with a fall of the total antioxidant status (TAS) in the serum of the hyperthyroid rats. The SOD, CAT, and GPx activities in liver of hyperthyroid rats have significantly increased compared to hypothyroid rats and the controls (po0.001). The AST, ALT, LDH, GGT, and ALP activities increased in the hyperthyroidism rats (po0.05). We conclude that thyroid dysfunction induces oxidative stress and modifies some biochemical parameters of liver. Our results show the occurrence of a state of oxidizing stress in relation to hyperthyroidism.
The protective role of nutritional antioxidants against oxidative stress in thyroid disorders
Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2023
An imbalance between pro-oxidative and antioxidative cellular mechanisms is oxidative stress (OxS) which may be systemic or organ-specific. Although OxS is a consequence of normal body and organ physiology, severely impaired oxidative homeostasis results in DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis, ultimately compromising cells' function and viability. The thyroid gland is an organ that exhibits both oxidative and antioxidative processes. In terms of OxS severity, the thyroid gland's response could be physiological (i.e. hormone production and secretion) or pathological (i.e. development of diseases, such as goitre, thyroid cancer, or thyroiditis). Protective nutritional antioxidants may benefit defensive antioxidative systems in resolving pro-oxidative dominance and redox imbalance, preventing or delaying chronic thyroid diseases. This review provides information on nutritional antioxidants and their protective roles against impaired redox homeostasis in various thyroid pathologies. We also review novel findings related to the connection between the thyroid gland and gut microbiome and analyze the effects of probiotics with antioxidant properties on thyroid diseases.