Oricum 48 BC. Archaeology of the Caesar's Civil War (original) (raw)
Related papers
The three wars between Rome and the kingdom of illustrate the ultimate progress of the Republican intervention in the East and its most brutal consequences, as the non-combatant populations of many Greek poleis suffered from such severe war conditions. Therefore, garrisoning legionaries in towns, the origins of the 'Ephesian Vespers', the use of local auxiliaries, and the final doom of civilians, particularly women and children, as war casualties are analysed in four different perspectives in this joint paper.
2017
This monograph comes as a result of the research carried out by the authors (Ioan Carol Opriș and Alexandru Rațiu) between 1993-1996, 2006-2010, as well as from several other survey ditches in 2011 and 2014 on a building of approx. 10 x 11 m and a surface of 109.5 m2 situated in the southern part of the fort at Capidava, next to the main gate. The building C1 functioned during the 6th c. until a violent attack destroyed it in 582 or subsequently, in the early years of Mauricius Tiberius` reign. On this occasion the whole southeastern side of the fort (curtains G and H, as well as the gate tower no 7 and the largest building known so far intra muros – a granary/ horreum) has been heavily burnt. Both the planimetric distribution, along the via principalis in the vicinity of the gate, and its specific architectural features, corroborated with the analysis of the finds, allowed us to establish the function of the building C1 as storage facility with commercial destination for the local distribution of annona goods (in LR 1 and LR2 amphorae), besides other expensive merchandise in Cretan, Western Asia Minor and above all Levantine containers. The latter are the unmistakable and so called Carthage LR 4 amphorae produced in Gaza - Palaestina Prima for the famous vinum Gazetum (Gazetina, Gazeticum). Three annexes follow the text: the first one focused on the numismatic analysis of an emergency hoard of bronze folles found in situ (Andrei Gândilă – Univ. of Alabama in Huntsville) and offers key elements of further dating the moment when the building was destroyed, under heavy attack; the second is dedicated to the dendrochronology of the building, based upon its wooden elements saved from the incendium post 582 (Tomasz Ważny, Peter I. Kuniholm, Charlotte L. Pearson - Univ. of Arizona in Tucson); the third is the analysis report of an organic sample collected from inside a Pontic amphora, indicating a content of pine tar, most likely needed in treating the boats sailing on the Danube (Adriana Rizzo and Choi Mak - Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York).
The Roman army between the Alps and the Adriatic (Jana Horvat ed.), 2016
The paper deals with two funerary inscriptions found in Carnuntum that belonged to the legionaries of legio XV Apollinaris. There is no unanimous opinion about their origin, since the name of the town is given in abbreviated form Aeq, which can be related either to Aequum in Dalmatia, or to Aequiculi in Italia. The voting tribe is noted as Cl(audia), and the town of origin of the legionaries was explained as Aequiculi in the relevant literature, since the tribus Claudia was the voting tribe of this town, while the voting tribe of Aequum was Tromentina. With no mention of tribus there would be no doubt that the soldiers originated from Aequum, since soldiers from the colony of Aequum are much better epigraphically attested than soldiers from Aequiculi. We think that in the first case the tribus Claudia could be explained with the deduction of the veterans in Savaria (whose tribus was Claudia), while in the second case we presume that Claudia was a pseudo-tribus. The thesis that these soldiers were likely to have been from Aequum is strengthened by the epigraphic evidence from Pannonia and Upper Germania.
Schild von Steier, 2016
In the article two sites that offer compelling archaeological evidence of the Roman military conquest are presented. The first is the fortified settlement at Grad near Šmihel pod Nanosom, which was almost certainly the site of a Roman attack in the mid-2nd century BC, and the second is Nadleški hrib, a hill that held a Roman fort most probably built and used in the time of Octavian’s war in Illyricum and in the Augustan period.