Integrated Strategies for the use of Lipid Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Ancient Mycobacterial Disease (original) (raw)

The use of ancient DNA and lipid biomarkers has become established for the detection of tuberculosis and leprosy in archaeological material. Long-chain compounds are released by an efficient non-aqueous alkaline extraction and acidic components are converted to stable pentafluorobenzyl (PFB) esters, which can be preserved for immediate or future analysis. These long-chain components are fractionated into nonhydroxylated fatty acid esters and mycolic acid esters. Characteristic profiles of mycolates are recorded by fluorescence high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of pyrenebutyric acid derivatives of PFB esters. Mycocerosate PFB esters are analysed by negative-ion chemical-ionisation gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (NICI-GCMS). In this study, ancient DNA analyses, along with mycolate and mycocerosate profiles, for a representative late 7th century AD skeleton from the Avar period in Hungary, are presented. It will be shown how mycolate and mycocerosate analyses of resid...

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