Low-Power Wake-Up System based on Frequency Analysis for Environmental Internet of Things (original) (raw)
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Analog Ultra Low-Power Acoustic Wake-Up System Based on Frequency Detection
2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things and Intelligence System (IOTAIS), 2018
An ultra low power acoustic wake-up detector based on high frequency signal analysis is presented in this paper. Focused on environmental or military Internet of Things (IoT) applications, it aims at detecting in real time the presence of specific animal species or drones for generating alerts and for triggering power consuming tasks such as high frequency signal recording only when needed. This wake-up detector continuously monitors the presence of specific frequencies in an analog acoustic signal, with a good frequency selectivity and a high frequency detection capability. It is based on an ultra-low analog frequency to voltage converter using a current-mirror, analog timers and comparators. Dedicated to long term stealth environmental or military surveys, a strong emphasis has been put on power consumption reduction in order to limit size and weight of the system. This power consumption has been reduced to 34µW , leading to a full year of autonomy including the microphone when powered by 3 coin cell CR2032 batteries.
Design and implementation of a long-range low-power wake-up radio for IoT devices
2019 IEEE 5th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2019
In this paper, we present the design and implementation of an on-demand wake-up radio (WuR) for longrange wireless IoT devices to reduce the power consumption, thereby increasing the life time of the devices. A custom narrowband (NB) low noise amplifier is designed and implemented for WuR. The low-noise amplifier achieves a gain of 31 dB at 1 mA current consumption from a 6 V power supply. The WuR achieves a sensivity of-80 dBm by consuming just 1 mA, thereby optimizing the energy consumption of battery powered longrange IoT devices, hence reducing the power consumption and overall costs when deployed in large scale.
A wake-up detector for an acoustic surveillance sensor network
Proceedings of the third international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks - IPSN'04, 2004
We describe a low-power VLSI wake-up detector for use in an acoustic surveillance sensor network. The detection criterion is based on the degree of low-frequency periodicity in the acoustic signal. To this end, we have developed a periodicity estimation algorithm that maps particularly well to a low-power VLSI implementation. The time-domain algorithm is based on the "bumpiness" of the autocorrelation of one-bit version of the signal. We discuss the relationship of this algorithm to the maximum-likelihood estimator for periodicity. We then describe a full-custom CMOS ASIC that implements this algorithm. This ASIC is fully functional and its core consumes 835 nano-Watts. The ASIC was integrated into an acoustic enclosure and tested outdoors on synthesized sounds. This unit was also deployed in a three-node sensor network and tested on ground-based vehicles.
A wake-up detector for an acoustic surveillance sensor network: algorithm and VLSI implementation
2004
We describe a low-power VLSI wake-up detector for use in an acoustic surveillance sensor network. The detection criterion is based on the degree of low-frequency periodicity in the acoustic signal. To this end, we have developed a periodicity estimation algorithm that maps particularly well to a low-power VLSI implementation. The time-domain algorithm is based on the "bumpiness" of the autocorrelation of one-bit version of the signal. We discuss the relationship of this algorithm to the maximum-likelihood estimator for periodicity. We then describe a full-custom CMOS ASIC that implements this algorithm. This ASIC is fully functional and its core consumes 835 nano-Watts. The ASIC was integrated into an acoustic enclosure and tested outdoors on synthesized sounds. This unit was also deployed in a three-node sensor network and tested on ground-based vehicles.
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2013
Energy-efficient operation is a challenge for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A common method employed for this purpose is duty-cycled operation, which extends battery lifetime yet incurs several types of energy wastes and challenges. A promising alternative to duty-cycled operation is the use of wake-up radio (WuR), where the main microcontroller unit (MCU) and transceiver, that is, the two most energy-consuming elements, are kept in energy-saving mode until a special signal from another node is received by an attached, secondary, ultra-low power receiver. Next, this so-called wake-up receiver generates an interrupt to activate the receiver node's MCU and, consequently, the main radio. This article presents a complete wake-up radio design that targets simplicity in design for the monetary cost and flexibility concerns, along with a good operation range and very low power consumption. Both the transmitter (WuTx) and the receiver (WuRx) designs are presented with the accompanyin...
Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2021
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A miniature, low-power, intelligent sensor node for persistent acoustic surveillance
2005
The desire for persistent, long term surveillance and covertness places severe constraints on the power consumption of a sensor node. To achieve the desired endurance while minimizing the size of the node, it is imperative to use application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) that deliver the required performance with maximal power efficiency while minimizing the amount of communication bandwidth needed. This paper reviews our ongoing effort to integrate several micropower devices for low-power wake-up detection, blind source separation and localization and pattern classification, and demonstrate the utility of the system in relevant surveillance applications. The capabilities of each module are presented in detail along with performance statistics measured during recent experiments. , Telephone: 1 410 4317 148 * The time-derivative in the source signals (11) is immaterial, and can be removed by time-integrating the separated signals obtained by applying ICA directly to the gradient flow signals.
Wireless powered wake-up receiver for ultra-low-power devices
2018
Energy-constrained wireless networks and devices are mainly powered by batteries, which have severely limited capacities, demanding to be regularly recharged or replaced. Thus energy conservation plays a pivotal role in the operational lifetime of such networks. In this paper, the concept of a wireless powered wake-up receiver is studied, aiming to reduce energy consumption of the wireless node. The proposed wireless powered wake-up receiver scheme can be utilized for a range of energy-constrained wireless applications such as wireless sensor actuator networks, machine-to-machine communications, and the Internet-of-Things. Preliminary numerical results show that such a scheme can reduce energy consumption of wireless nodes considerably, at the cost of an extra low-power low-cost wake-up receiver.
Low-Power IoT Devices for Measuring Environmental Values
2018 IEEE 24th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME), 2018
This paper presents how Pycom, Waspmote and Raspberry Pi devices meet low power requirements as part of Internet of Things (IoT). These technologies improve scalability, efficiency and optimize the structure responding to known IoT drawbacks such as low energy, resources and slow information processing. They are part of applications included in Smart City, Smart Home, Smart Grid, mainly telemetry. Libelium technology, including the Waspmote devices, are presented in this paper. Pycom has a variate set of devices: Pysense having five integrated sensors: temperature, humidity, altitude, pressure and light, LoPy, LoPy4 microcontrollers, Pytrack, SiPy, FiPy, GPy, WiPy, expansion boards. Raspberry Pi is known for being a single board-computer which is running its own operating system (OS). It consumes more power, unless running processes are prioritized for lowering the consumption, which requires a vast Linux knowledge. In this article we present an experiment using Pycom and Pysense which will show its capability for collecting data from the environment. Also, this paper describes how the montage works with Adafruit cloud. Pycom devices functioning in low-power wide-area networks use long range (LoRa) antennas which are especially designed for such networks. This type of antenna helps Pycom montages to save energy and for this to take effect, it must be placed in a LPWAN network. LoRa runs well in exposed environments, but connection can be affected by buildings. Having 14dBm output power, LoRa covers 25 km flat areas.
International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, 2009
Sensor network applications are generally characterized by long idle durations and intermittent communication patterns. The traffic loads are typically so low that overall idle duration energy consumption dominates. Low duty cycle MAC protocols are used in order to reduce the energy consumption in idle periods. However, lowering the duty cycle value in favour of energy consumption results in increased latency, which makes this approach undesirable for many practical applications. In this paper, we propose Radio Triggered Wake-up with Addressing Capabilities (RTWAC) that allows suppressing the idle duration current consumption. Our solution consists of an external low-cost hardware wake-up circuit attached to the microcontroller of a sensor node. In order to communicate with a sensor node, a special kind of out-of-band modulated wake-up signal is transmitted. The modulated signal contains data that enables one to distinguish between differently addressed nodes in order to avoid undesired node wake-ups. Furthermore, we advocate the idea of combining RTWAC to a MAC protocol running on the normal sensor node radio in order to simultaneously achieve low energy consumption and low latency for reliable data communication. 1