Deterministic transformations of three-qubit entangled pure states (original) (raw)

The states of three-qubit systems split into two inequivalent types of genuine tripartite entanglement, namely the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) type and the W-type. A state belongs to one of these classes can be stochastically transformed only into a state within the same class by local operations and classical communications. We provide local quantum operations, consisting of the most general two-outcome measurement operators, for the deterministic transformations of three-qubit pure states in which the initial and the target states are in the same class. We explore these transformations, originally having the standard GHZ and the standard W states, under the local measurement operators carried out by a single party and p (p = 2, 3) parties (successively). We find a notable result that the standard GHZ state cannot be deterministically transformed to a GHZ-type state in which its all bipartite entanglements are nonzero, i.e., a transformation can be achieved with unit probability when the target state has at least one vanishing bipartite concurrence.