Effects of β-Sitosteryl Sulfate on the Properties of DPPC Liposomes (original) (raw)
Related papers
An Overview: Methods for Preparation and Characterization of Liposomes as Drug Delivery Systems
Liposomes as artificially prepared vesicles have become important tools for improving delivery of a large number of drugs: antimicrobial agents, drugs against cancer, antifungal drugs, peptide hormones, enzymes, vaccines and genetic materials. Due to the differences in preparation methods and lipid compositions, liposomes can be classified according to their lamellarity, size, charge and application. The flexibility of their behavior can be exploited for the drug delivery through various routes of administration irrespective of their solubility properties. Encapsulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of many drugs mainly through alteration in their biodistribution, targeting the drug to particular tissues. The role of liposomes as drug delivery system is to deliver drug in the controlled manner, reducing undesirable side effects improving its in vitro and in vivo activity, as well as reducing the toxicity of the drug and enhancing the efficacy of the encapsulated drug. This article provides an overview of methods for preparation of liposomes, as well as analytical methods for control physical, chemical and biological parameters for different types of drugs.
An updated review on liposomes- a modified dosage form
International Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
The first Nano medication to be approved for clinical usage was liposomes. Liposomes are being utilized more frequently for targeted drug delivery because of their incredible capacity to prevent drug deterioration and minimize unwanted side effects. In Liposomes, the drug can either be integrated inside the aqueous space (hydrophilic drugs) or inside the phospholipid's bilayer (hydrophobic drugs). The classification of liposomes, production of liposomes, applications, their advantages and drawbacks are the main topics covered in this review. Today, most researchers are becoming more and more interested in liposomes. As they are effective against a certain condition, and are simple to make, and have several additional benefits than others. This review covered liposomes as a modified dosage form, covering their present status, drawbacks, and applications. Numerous liposome-based formulations with higher drug concentrations have been developed as liposomes are effective as therapeu...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development
Liposomes are sphere-shaped vesicles made up of one or more bilayers of phospholipids. The ability of delayed vesicles to transport medications, vaccines, diagnostic specialists, and other bioactive operators has accelerated development in the liposomal drug delivery system. The liposomal delivery system's pharmacyelements and pharmacokinetics properties have been altered, resulting in a higher therapeutic index and lower overall toxicity. There are many factors to consider, including size, size distribution, surface electrical potential, lamella count, and encapsulation efficacy. The use of surface modification in the development of liposomes with various mechanisms, kinetic properties, and biodistribution was discovered to be beneficial. Drug delivery, drug targeting, controlled release, and improved solubility have all been studied extensively with liposomes.
Application of Various Types of Liposomes in Drug Delivery Systems
Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 2017
Liposomes, due to their various forms, require further exploration. These structures can deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs for cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulation, diagnostics, ophtalmica, vaccines, enzymes and genetic elements. Preparation of liposomes results in different properties for these systems. In addition, based on preparation methods, liposomes types can be unilamellar, multilamellar and giant unilamellar; however, there are many factors and difficulties that affect the development of liposome drug delivery structure. In the present review, we discuss some problems that impact drug delivery by liposomes. In addition, we discuss a new generation of liposomes, which is utilized for decreasing the limitation of the conventional liposomes.
Liposomes for the Drug Delivery: A Review
2021
Quick Response Code Abstract: Formulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of various agents mainly through alteration in their bio distribution. Liposomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), they are vesicular structures consisting of bilayer which form spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed in water. They are microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane composed of lipid bilayers. The goal of any drug delivery system is spatial placement and temporal delivery of the medicament. Research works are going on to prepare an ideal drug delivery system which satisfies these needs. Liposomes are small vesicles (100 nm) composed various lipid molecules which build their membrane bilayers. These formulations are mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine and other constituents such as cholesterol and lipidconjugated hydrophilic polymers. Liposomes are biodegradable and biocompatible in nature.
Liposomes: Current Approaches for Development and Evaluation
International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology, 2017
Liposomes (50-1000nm) are the part of a specific type of drug delivery system which is non-toxic and biodegradable in nature. That having ability to reduce the toxicity also enhances the therapeutic efficiency and protects the drug which is encapsulated, from the degradation and immediate dilution. These can be prepared by using various techniques like lipid hydration method, sonication method and solvent injecting method etc. But the selection of technique is depended upon the size of liposome which we want. The main disadvantage of this dosage form is it is very much costly and also having time consuming process. But it has major applications in the form of extrusion for homogeneous size, long circulating liposomes, triggered release liposome, remote drug loading, ligand targeted liposomes and containing combination of drugs. These applications are helpful for advanced drug delivery of anticancer, antifungal and anti-inflammatory drug, the delivery of gene medicine, delivery of anaesthetic and antibiotic drug. The newer researches in this field include hybrid liposomes, phototrigerable liposomes which are fabricated to have the improved functionality. These serves as the upcoming novel nanomedicinal chemotherapy technique.
Factors affecting liposomes particle size prepared by ethanol injection method
Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017
Ethanol injection is one of the techniques frequently used to produce liposomes which favors both simplicity and safety. In this process, an ethanolic solution of lipids is rapidly injected into an aqueous medium through a needle, dispersing the phospholipids throughout the medium and promoting the vesicle formation. Being a critical parameter that determines the fate of liposome and its distribution, we studied different factors affecting the particle size of liposomes including different phospholipid (Phosal ® 53 MCT) and cholesterol concentrations and the use of different types of non-ionic surfactants at fixed Phosal ® 53 MCT concentration of 50 mg per formulation. Both Phosal ® 53 MCT and cholesterol concentration had direct effect on liposomes particle size. Non-ionic surfactants produced liposomes of smaller particle size when compared to conventional liposomes formed using Phosal ® 53 MCT 300 mg per formulation only, whereas this effect was diminished when higher Phosal ® 53 MCT to cholesterol ratios were used that obviously increased liposomes size. Smaller liposomes sizes were obtained upon using non-ionic surfactants of lower hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance (HLB) as both Tween 80 and Cremophor RH 40 produced liposomes of smaller particle size compared to Poloxamer 407. The smallest liposomes particle size was successfully obtained in the formulation comprising 300 mg Phosal ® MCT, 150 mg cholesterol and 50 mg Tween 80.
Open Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 2018
Liposomes, sphere-shaped vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers, were fi rst described in the mid-60s. Nowadays, they are a very useful reproduction, reagent, and device in various scientifi c disciplines, including medicine, chemistry, biochemistry, colloid science, biology, physics, biophysics, mathematics and theoretical. After the initial discoveries liposomes have made their way to the market. Among numerous brilliant new drug delivery systems developed, liposomes characterize an advanced technology to deliver active molecules to the site of action, and at present, several formulations are in clinical use. Research on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles to 'second-generation liposomes', in which long-circulating liposomes are obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size, and charge of the vesicle. Liposomes with modifi ed surfaces have also been developed using several molecules, such as glycolipids or sialic acid. This paper mini review summarizes exclusively Nano-lipids, its applications in medicine scalable techniques in treating dreadful diseases cancer, AIDS, paralysis etcand focuses on strengths, respectively, limitations in respect to industrial applicability and regulatory requirements concerning liposomal drug formulations based on FDA and EMEA documents.
A Review On Liposomes As Drug Delivery System
International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023
Liposomes are composed of phospholipids and lipids, forming spherical or multilayered vesicles with a lipid bilayer structure in aqueous solutions due to self-assembly of diacyl chain phospholipids. The number of bilayers and the size of vesicles influence the amount of drug encapsulation in liposomes, a crucial factor in determining their circulation half-life. This method involves coating a medication and a lipid onto a soluble carrier to create a pro-liposome, which is free-flowing and granular. When hydrated, it forms an isotonic liposomal solution. This pro-liposome approach serves as a motivation for large-scale production of liposomes containing lipophilic medications at a low cost. These systems have unique properties, including increased drug solubility (as seen with amphotericin B), protection of molecules like DNA and RNA, enhanced intracellular uptake (especially for anticancer drugs), acting as a drug depot, and enhancing drug stability. Liposomes have been successfully utilized for the delivery of various drug categories such as anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibiotics, and anti-fungal agents. Additionally, there have been efforts in the development and characterization of liposomal drug delivery systems, for instance, liposomes containing brimonidine tartrate for ocular applications. These advancements signify the transition of liposomes from a clinically established drug delivery system to a versatile nanoparticle platform for theragnostic
A Review on Liposomes as a Drug Delivery System
IJPAR JOURNAL
Nanoparticle systems have been perceived as the ultimate goal for effective drug delivery for decades. The ideal nanoparticle carries the drug-load safely to a predefined target. There, it is capable of releasing its cargo intracellular or in the extracellular space where the drug can be directly internalized and exert the desired action. Enroute, the nanoparticle prevents unwanted interactions of the drug-load with non-target tissues and where needed, it will enhance the circulation time of the encapsulated drug and enable sustained release. In this context, liposomes, a class of synthetic lipid nanoparticles have been explored in depth. Liposomes are microscopic self-assembling unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles made up of phospholipid bilayer. Both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs can be attached to the lipid bilayer of liposomes and can show their efficacy in the target cell of the human body. Liposomes can significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs. They have bee...