Relationship between newborn leptin levels and selected growth parameters (original) (raw)
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The Correlations between Cord Blood Leptin and Leptin Level at Six Months with Infant Growth
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research, 2021
Background: Leptin plays an important role in regulating body weight, metabolism, and reproductive functions. Leptin affects metabolism by reducing nutrient intake and increasing energy expenditure which eventually also plays a role in infant growth.Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between leptin levels and infant growth age 0-6 months.Methods: A prospective cohort study was done for six months on 38 infants, age 0-6 months, from breastfeeding mothers with normal pregnancies. The samples were taken twice, firstly when the infant was born using an umbilical cord blood sample, and secondly at the age of six months, using a vein blood sample. Serum leptin levels were measured using the ELISA method. Infant growth was assessed using WHO 2005’s z-scores.Results: A total of 50 babies were included in the study, 38 of them had been studied completely. Significant correlations were found between the mean of the umbilical cord and six months of age leptin levels (p &l...
Leptin levels at birth and infant growth: the EPOCH study
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 2014
Objective: To examine the association of cord blood leptin with body mass index (BMI) growth velocity from birth to 12 months of age among infants exposed and not exposed to over-nutrition in utero (defined as maternal overweight/obesity or presence of gestational diabetes). Methods: 185 infants enrolled in the Exploring Perinatal Outcomes among Children study (76 exposed and 109 not exposed) had leptin and insulin measured in cord blood. Longitudinal weight and length measures in the first 12 months of life (average 4 per participant) obtained from medical records were used to compute BMI growth rates. Mixed models were used to examine associations of cord blood leptin with growth. Results: Compared with unexposed infants, those exposed had significantly higher cord blood insulin (8.64 v. 6.97 uU/ml, P<0.01) and leptin levels (8.89 v. 5.92 ng/ml, P=0.05) as well as increased birth weights (3438.04 v. 3306.89 g, P=0.04). There was an inverse relationship between cord leptin level...
Multiple Correlations Between Cord Blood Leptin Concentration and Indices of Neonatal Growth
Archives of Medical Research, 2010
Background and Aims. The discovery of a role for leptin in controlling fetal and neonatal growth suggests a fetal origin of some adult chronic diseases and has stimulated research into the mechanisms of action of leptin early in life. The aim of this study was to determine umbilical cord blood leptin levels and to evaluate their association with newborn growth indices. Methods. Two hundred healthy newborns (89 males, 110 females, and one of undetermined gender; gestational ages ranging from 34e43 weeks) and their healthy mothers were enrolled in this study conducted at Moovsavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran. The body size index of each newborn was determined in terms of birth weight, birth length, head circumference, body mass index (BMI) and ponderal index. Umbilical cord blood leptin levels were measured by ELISA. Results. Umbilical cord leptin concentration was found to positively correlate with birth weight (r 5 0.322; p !0.0001), neonatal BMI (r 5 0.247; p !0.0001), ponderal index (r 5 0.206; p 5 0.04), and gestational age (r 5 0.221; p 5 0.002). There was no significant correlation between cord leptin and birth length or umbilical glucose concentration. Umbilical cord leptin concentrations (15.20 AE 12.3 vs. 12.08 AE 11.7; p 5 0.01) were significantly greater in female as compared to male newborns, respectively. Linear regression analysis indicated that umbilical cord leptin levels correlated with birth weight, umbilical triglyceride concentration, neonatal gender, and method of delivery. Conclusions. Our findings confirm the association of leptin concentrations with weight gain in fetal and newborn infants. Ó
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2007
The aim of this study was to evaluate leptin concentration at birth and in early postnatal life in small- and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants and to assess its relationship with infants' anthropometry at birth and some characteristics of maternal pregnancy. A total of 367 infants born after 32-42 weeks of gestation were enrolled in the study. Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from 80 small- and 287 appropriate-for-gestational-age newborns. Altogether, 166 venous blood samples were taken from these neonates on days 2-6 of life. Cord leptin levels were significantly lower in small- compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age infants. We observed a positive correlation between cord leptin and birth weight, all neonatal anthropometric parameters, placental weight, and some maternal nutritional factors. In multivariate analysis, cord leptin concentration explained up to 15% of the variation in sum of newborn's skinfold thickness but only 5% of the variation in b...
Background: Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone that regulates energy homeostasis, while its role in fetal programming remains poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal weight status on cord blood leptin levels and their combined effect on fetal growth. Methods: We included 638 mother-child pairs from the prospective mother-child cohort 'Rhea' study in Crete, Greece with singleton pregnancies, providing cord blood serum samples for leptin analysis and complete data on birth outcomes. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were used adjusting for confounders. Gener-alised additive models were used to explore the form of the relationship between cord leptin and continuous birth outcomes.
Pediatric Research, 2000
The relationship between in utero fetal growth and fetal leptin concentrations was investigated between 19 and 41 wk in 40 normal (appropriate for gestational age, AGA) fetuses, in 25 intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetuses, and in 18 fetuses from gestational diabetic mothers (GDM), representing different intrauterine growth patterns. Umbilical venous plasma leptin concentrations were determined at the time of either in utero fetal blood sampling or delivery. Plasma leptin was measurable as early as 19 wk of gestation. A significant difference was observed between umbilical venous and arterial plasma leptin concentrations (0.6 Ϯ 0.6 ng/mL; p Ͻ 0.01). In AGA and in IUGR fetuses, significant positive relationships were found between fetal leptin concentrations and both gestational age (p Ͻ 0.001) and fetal weight (p Ͻ 0.001). Leptin concentrations were significantly higher in AGA than IUGR only after 34 wk (p Ͻ 0.05), but leptin per kilogram fetal weight (leptin/kg) was not significantly different. In IUGR with abnormal umbilical arterial Doppler velocimetry and fetal heart rate, leptin/kg significantly higher than in IUGR with normal biophysical and biochemical parameters was found (p Ͻ 0.05). Both circulating plasma leptin and leptin/kg were significantly higher in GDM than in normal fetuses (p Ͻ 0.001) and correlated with abdominal fat mass measured by ultrasound. No gender differences were observed in any group of fetuses. These findings indicate a clear relationship between fetal leptin concentrations and fetal fat mass. Data in severe IUGR suggest the presence of increased leptin concentrations associated with in utero signs of fetal distress. Abbreviations AGA, appropriate for gestational age IUGR, intrauterine growth restricted LGA, large for gestational age GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus PI, pulsatility index FHR, fetal heart rate FBS, fetal blood sampling ABSTRACT 646
Cord blood leptin and gains in body weight and fat mass during infancy
European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies, 2016
Low early-life leptin concentrations may promote faster weight gain in infancy. We aimed to examine associations cord blood leptin concentrations and changes in weight and body composition during infancy. Serum leptin was measured at 15 weeks gestation, in umbilical cord blood collected at delivery and at 2 years in 334 children from the Cork Baseline Birth Cohort Study. Body composition was measured at 2 days and 2 months using air displacement plethysmography. Conditional change in weight standard deviation scores over a number of age intervals in the first 2 years and conditional change in fat mass index (FMI) and fat free mass index (FFMI) [kg/(length)m2] between birth and 2 months were calculated and associations with cord blood leptin were examined using linear regression. At birth, cord blood leptin was positively associated with FMI [r = 0.48, P < 0.001] and showed a weaker correlation with FFMI (r = 0.12, P = 0.05). After adjustment for confounders, higher cord blood lep...