Synthesis of magnetic citric acid-functionalized graphene oxide and its application in the removal of methylene blue from contaminated water (original) (raw)
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Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011
A graphene-based magnetic nanocomposite was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for the removal of a dye from aqueous solutions. The morphology and inner structure of the magnetic adsorbent were characterized by both scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The adsorption characteristics of the graphene magnetic nanocomposite adsorbent were examined using an organic dye fuchsine as the adsorbate. The adsorption kinetics, adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, and the effect of the adsorbent dosage and solution pH on the removal efficiency of fuchsine were investigated. Freundlich model and Langmuir model were used to study the adsorption isotherms. The resultant kinetic data were well fitted by a pseudo second-order model. The graphene magnetic nanocomposite proved to be a highly efficient adsorbent and could be easily used for separation purposes.
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Adsorption and removal of triphenylmethane dyes from water by magnetic reduced graphene oxide
Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2014
Triphenylmethane (TPM) dye is one of the most prevalent and recalcitrant water contaminants. Magnetic reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is an efficient adsorbent for organic pollutants removal. However, the performance and adsorption kinetics of magnetic rGO towards TPM have not yet been studied. In this study, a magnetic Fe3O4@rGO nano-composite, which could be easily removed from water with a simple magnetic separation step was synthesized and characterized. The magnetic rGO showed fast adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity towards different TPM dyes (the Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity is 64.93 mg/g for adsorption of crystal violet). The adsorption processes are well-fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R(2) > 0.99) and the Langmuir isotherm model (R(2) = 0.9996). Moreover, the magnetic rGO also showed excellent recycling and regeneration capabilities. The results indicated that adsorption with magnetic rGO would be a promising strategy to clean up the TPM...
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Herein, we report the nanofabrication of magnetic calcium ferrite (CaFe 2 O 4) with nitrogen-doped graphene oxide (N-GO) via facile ultrasonication method to produce CaFe 2 O 4 /N-GO nanocomposite for the potential removal of reactive orange 12 (RO12) dye from aqueous solution. The successful construction of the nanocomposite was confirmed using different characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The magnetic properties were studied using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) indicating ferromagnetic behavior of the synthesized materials that facilitate their separation using an external magnetic field after adsorption treatment. The addition of N-GO to CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles enhanced the BET surface area from 24 to 52.93 m 2 /g as resulted from the N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The adsorption of the synthesized nanomaterials is controlled by several parameters (initial concentration of dye, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH), and the RO12 dye removal on the surface of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles and CaFe 2 O 4 /N-GO nanocomposite was reached through the chemisorption process as indicated from the kinetic study. The adsorption isotherm study indicated that the adsorption process of RO12 dye was best described through the Langmuir isotherm approving the monolayer adsorption. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity for RO12 was 250 and 333.33 mg/g for CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles and CaFe 2 O 4 /N-GO nanocomposite, respectively. The adsorption capacity offered by CaFe 2 O 4 /N-GO nanocomposite was higher than reported in the literature for adsorbent materials. Additionally, the regeneration study indicated that CaFe 2 O 4 /N-GO nanocomposite is reusable and cost-effective adsorbent. Therefore, the nanofabricated CaFe 2 O 4 / N-GO hybrid material is a promising adsorbent for water treatment.
Novel magnetic chitosan/quaternary ammonium salt graphene oxide composite applied to dye removal
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2020
This work deals with the preparation of a new graphene oxide derivative replaced with long-chain quaternary ammonium salt through grafting with arenediazonium salts in order to enhance its amphiphilic character and broad the adsorption spectra. Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopies and x-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the incorporation of the ammonium salt into the graphene oxide. After characterization, the new nanomaterial was used in the synthesis of magnetic composite with chitosan. The synthesized magnetic composite was characterized by several techniques, including magnetization curve, and then applied to basic brown 4 dye removal. The optimization of the dye adsorption process was performed by varying parameters such as pH, time, temperature, material loading and dye concentration, among others. Under optimized conditions, the magnetic composite reached high dye adsorption, confirmed by removal capacity of 650 mg/g, and 95% of dye removal. Nanocomposite reuse studies were also performed and in three consecutive adsorption cycles, showing 64% of dye uptake efficiency. The composite ability to remove the basic brown 4 dye is greater than for other materials reported in the literature, as carbon nanotubes and active carbon, among others. After dye adsorption, the magnetic composite was removed from the aqueous medium by magnet field application, showing to be a potential filter agent with easy removal after use.
Polymer Composites, 2017
In present study, magnetic chitosan-graphene oxide composite (m … C x-GO) has been synthesized and used for the removal of two common textile dyes; acid red-17 (AR-17) and bromophenol blue (BPB). The effect of various parameters including pH (2-8), time (10-100 min), adsorbent dosage (2-10 mg), initial dye concentration (2-30 lg mL 21) as well as temperature (303, 313, and 323 K) was investigated. The point of zero charge of composite was determined using pH drift method in an attempt to better understand the adsorption process. Present work revealed fast adsorption kinetics with removal efficiency of around 79 and 97% for AR-17 and BPB, respectively, under optimized conditions. Besides, equilibrium relationships were studied using Langmuir and Freundlich models. Thermodynamic analysis uncovered the spontaneous and endothermic nature of dye-composite interation. Synthesized material showed profound stability after five successive adsorption-desorpion cycle of reuse. Importantly, spiked real water samples were used to check the suitability of composite adsorbent for practical applications. High % recoveries were obtained which indicated that complex matrix presented insignificant interference effects. Also, comparative study revealed that composite material offers superior performance for the removal of dyes relative to precursors (C x , Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, GO). Improvement in removal efficiency of synthesized composite toward selected dyes can be attributed to intrinsic qualities of C x and incorporated functionalities; exceptionally high surface area as well as excellent mechanical properties of GO and convenience of magnetic separation because of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles .
Polymer Composites, 2017
In this study, the fast and considerable adsorption of Remazol Black B (RBB) and Acid Red 22 (AR22) from an aqueous solution by magnetite reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/chitosan nanocomposite was studied. Several important parameters influencing the adsorption of dye pollutants such as pH (1-8), sorbent mass (5-25 mg), contact time (30-180 min), and dye concentration (10-50 ppm) were considered. The results showed that, the surface property of rGO, the amino, and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and the magnetic property of Fe 3 O 4 , the adsorbent possesses quite good adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation. Both dye solutions sorption on nanocomposite was strongly dependent on pH. An adsorption efficiency of 95.32 and 99.46% could be achieved at initial RBB and AR22 concentrations of 20 mg/mL, respectively. In the aqueous solution of RBB and AR22, the adsorption data could be fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich equations, respectively. In addition, the adsorption kinetics of RBB and AR22 were investigated to show that it was well-described by Elovich and Blanchard models, respectively. These results indicate that magnetite reduced GO/chitosan nanocomposite could be regarded as a potential biosorbent for RBB and AR22 dye removal in wastewater treatment process.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Despite of immense application potential of graphene in wastewater treatment, the colloidal stability, aggregation and recyclability remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we report biomaterial functionalized graphene-magnetite (Bio-GM) nanocomposite as a novel recyclable material for treatment of wastewater containing dyes and heavy metals. The integration of biomaterial including living cells of Shewanella oneidensis with graphene-magnetite nanocomposite was characterized through UV−vis, FTIR, FESEM and fluorescent microscopic studies. The contact angle measurement depicted the hydrophilic property (water contact-angle 27.93°), whereas VSM result demonstrated super paramagnetic behavior of the nanocomposite with saturation magnetization value of 30.2 emu/g. The Bio-GM nanocomposite exhibited excellent adsorption capacity toward dyes and Cr 6+ in both single and multicomponent system with removal capacity of 189.63 ± 7.11 and 222.2 ± 8.64 mg/g of dyes and Cr 6+ , respectively, suggesting selective binding capacity and high adsorption efficiency of Bio-GM nanocomposite. In the adsorption coupled redox reaction, the Cr 6+ was reduced to Cr 3+ through biocatalytic activity of Bio-GM nanocomposite. The nanocomposite could be easily regenerated and reused for multiple cycles of adsorption−desorption studies without release of graphene and magnetite, and thus eliminating the potential hazardous risk of nanomaterial to the environment. The proposed biomaterial functionalized graphene-magnetite nanocomposite thus offers a novel way for sustainable, affordable, and efficient removal of coexisting toxic pollutants of dyes and heavy metals.
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Magnetic glucose-functionalized graphene nanosheets (GNS) were prepared, and the application of these biosorbents in the removal of methylene blue was investigated. Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were deposited on sweet GNS using coprecipitation. The nanocomposites were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transition electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer and X-ray diffraction spectrometry. The resulted magnetic sweet GNS were superparamagnetic, responded quickly to an external magnetic field and exhibited efficient adsorption toward methylene blue, as a cationic dye. No leaching was observed even after a week of placing a magnet close to the vial containing the solution of magnetic sweet GNS.