Applications of Laser induced Fluorescence in Dentistry (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2010
We present the clinical applicability of fluorescence ratio reference standard ͑FRRS͒ to discriminate different stages of dental caries. Toward this, laser-induced autofluorescence emission spectra are recorded in vivo in the 400-to 800-nm spectral range on a miniature fiber optic spectrometer from 65 patients, with a 404-nm diode laser as the excitation source. Autofluorescence spectra of sound teeth consist of a broad emission at 500 nm that is typical of natural enamel, whereas in caries teeth additional peaks are seen at 635 and 680 nm due to emission from porphyrin compounds in oral bacteria. Scatter plots are developed to differentiate sound teeth from enamel caries, sound teeth from dentinal caries, and enamel caries from dentinal caries using the mean fluorescence intensity ͑FI͒ and ratios F500/ F635 and F500/ F680 measured from 25 sites of sound teeth and 65 sites of carious teeth. The sensitivity and specificity of both the FI and FRRS are determined. It is observed that a diagnostic algorithm based on FRRS scatter plots is able to discriminate enamel caries from sound teeth, dentinal caries from sound teeth, and enamel from dentinal caries with overall sensitivities of 85, 100, and 88% and specificities of 90, 100, and 77%, respectively.
Caries Detection with Laser Fluorescence Devices. Limitations of Their Use
STOMATOLOGY EDU JOURNAL
Background: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent human diseases worldwide. The modern concept of minimal invasive dentistry includes early detection of incipient caries lesions and its treatment. Several optical and digital detection methods are available. Objective: This literature review presents the utility and limitations of laser fl uorescence caries detection devices DIAGNOdent (DD) and DIAGNOdent Pen (DDpen) (KaVo Dental GmbH, Biberach/ Riβ, Germany) for carious lesions on the occlusal surfaces of the permanent dentition. Data sources: All available in vitro and in vivo studies from Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus machines corresponding to caries, DIAGNOdent, DIAGNOdent Pen and laser fl uorescence as key words, were reviewed. Data extraction: Certain limitations of the studies were the inadequate analysis of the experimental protocols, the widespread sample use of the third molar, mistakes in sample handling and the limited number of studies evaluating the detection capability of DD and DDPen for secondary caries. Data synthesis: DD and DDPen are useful devices for caries detection on the occlusal tooth surfaces. Their main advantages are the very high reproducibility of measurements (>0.90), the ease of handling and the quantifi cation and monitoring capacity. Their main limitations are the relatively low specifi city for enamel lesions, the necessity of unstained surfaces and absence of plaque and pastes during measurements and the absence of a universal, clinically functional calibration value (COV). Conclusion: Further studies are required for more reliable data analysis and clinical interpretation of the relevant results.
Performance of a laser fluorescence device in detecting oclussal caries in vitro
oral health and dental management, 2008
The aim of this study was to compare the validity of the measurements of the laser fluorescence device, KaVo DIAGNOdent, with the result of polarized light microscopy in the detection of occlusal fissure caries in extracted third molars and premolars. Fourty-three extracted third molars and premolars which had macroscopically intact occlusal surface were selected. The DIAGNOdent measurements of the occlusal test site were recorded by two observers at intervals of 2 days. The teeth were then sectioned at the specified test sites for histological examinations. Prepared specimens were evaluated under the polarized light microscopy and all images were scored with the caries classification of D1 (sound and fissure lesion in the half of the outer enamel), D2 (enamel decay) and D3 (dentin decay) level (gold standard). Value of specificity for the detection of enamel caries at D1 level was 0,72 and sensitivity values at D2 and D3 levels were 0,66 and 1, respectively. The present study indic...
A Clinical Study of Caries Diagnosis With a Laser Fluorescence System
The Journal of the American Dental Association, 2008
Background. The authors conducted an in vivo study to compare a laser fluorescence system with a visual system for occlusal caries diagnosis in children's primary and permanent molars. Methods. The authors selected for evaluation 320 untreated, cavityfree primary and permanent molars in healthy children aged 6 through 14 years. Two of the authors conducted the laser fluorescence evaluation. Another of the authors completed the clinical evaluation. The κ value was 0.68. The authors compared sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, odds ratio and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the laser fluorescence system. Results. For the whole sample, the sensitivity and specificity of the laser fluorescence system were 0.79 and 0.87, respectively. The positive and negative odds ratios for the whole sample were 6.33 and 0.23. The positive and negative predictive values for the whole sample were 33.9 percent and 98.1 percent. The value of the area beneath the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.92 for the whole sample. Conclusions. The laser fluorescence system was more precise than visual evaluation in identifying lesions without cavities and healthy surfaces in primary and permanent molars. Clinical Implications. In daily practice, dentists can consider the laser fluorescence system a complementary tool in the visual exploration of occlusal surfaces of primary molars and permanent first molars.
Lasers in Medical Science, 2009
The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the performance of laser fluorescence (LF) comparing different cut-off limits for occlusal caries detection. One hundred and thirty first permanent molars were selected. Visual examination and LF assessments were performed independently. The extent of caries was assessed after operative intervention. New cut-off limits were established and compared with those proposed by the manufacturer and by Lussi et al. (Eur J Oral Sci 109:14-19, 2001). Similar sensitivity and higher specificity was found at D 2 (considering as disease only dentin caries) when the LF cut-off limits proposed by Lussi et al. and the new one were compared. At the D 3 threshold (considering as disease only deep dentin caries), no statistically significant difference among the cut-off limits for sensitivity was found. However, the new cut-off limits showed higher specificity. The LF device provided good ability to detect dentin caries lesions. Furthermore, the new cut-off limits and the values proposed by Lussi et al. could be suggested for the in vivo detection of occlusal caries.
Investigation of dental caries using laser and light-induced autofluorescence methods
The aim of this study was to investigate the intrinsic fluorescence in human teeth in vitro and its correspondence to the stages of the carious lesions using different excitation sources. Fluorescence spectra of teeth illuminated with light with wavelengths of 337, 440 and 488 nm were recorded. The spectra were obtained from the healthy, precarious and carious stages of the teeth investigated. Fluorosa dentis and odontolithiasis lesions were also studied to determine the effect of other pathologies on the teeth fluorescence spectra. We observed a significant decrease of the autofluorescence signal intensity related to the carious stage. The carious samples also revealed characteristic emission with fluorescence bands in the red spectral region which relative peak intensity increases depending on the stage. Healthy hard dental tissue exhibited no emission bands in the long-wave region.
Journal of the American Dental Association, 2008
etecting occlusal caries is a challenging task for clinicians because conventional diagnostic methods are more specific than sensitive. 1,2 Therefore, researchers have developed new detection methods to help dentists determine the best treatments and preventive management strategies for dental caries. Caries lesions emit stronger fluorescence than do sound tissues when stimulated by a red laser visible light with a wavelength of 655 nanometers. 3 Several studies have examined the performance of a laser fluorescence (LF) device (DIAGNOdent 2095, KaVo, Biberach, Germany) 1-5 ; on the basis of the principle of fluorescence, the DIAGNOdent 2095 has shown good or excellent results in occlusal caries detection. Recently, 5 the manufacturer introduced a new LF pen device (DIAGNOdent pen 2190, KaVo) for detecting occlusal and interproximal caries. It is because of the DIAGNOdent pen 2190's new design and its tips that users also can assess interproximal surfaces. Both signs (fluorescence emission and excitation) run in the same Dr. Rodrigues is a postdoctoral fellow,