Composting of Pig Effluent as a Proposal for the Treatment of Veterinary Drugs (original) (raw)
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Compostagem de efluente suíno no tratamento de resíduos de fármacos veterinários
Semina: Ciências Agrárias
The increasing need for animal protein has exerted pressures on the current animal production system. One of the alternatives found by producers to improve animal performance has been the use of veterinary drugs, especially antibiotics. However, its indiscriminate use can be a risk to the environmental balance of the producing locations since Brazil has approximately 42 million pigs. With this herd, pig farming represents a great potential for generating environmental impacts. As an alternative use of the large volume of liquid pig manure generated, many producers have been using this slurry in the soil as a bio fertilizer. Residues of veterinary drugs are capable of accumulation with environmental matrices and leach into water resources. In this sense, it is mandatory to dedicate more efforts on the study of techniques and processes for the treatment of organic effluents contaminated by veterinary drugs. Low-cost and environmentally friendly alternative treatment systems are necess...
Removal of High Concentrations of Veterinary Antibiotics Through Co-composting of Swine Waste
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The increasing demand for animal protein, mainly for porcine protein, has led companies and producers to investigate techniques capable of optimizing current production systems, as well as the use of drugs such as veterinary antibiotics. The incomplete absorption of these drugs by the digestive system of the animals generates effluents whose composition presents veterinary drug residues. Swine waste treatment systems (ponds) have reduced capacity to degrade these residues; thus, it is necessary to find treatment alternatives such as composting. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the composting technique in degrading 17 veterinary antibiotics often used in pig production systems. The herein adopted composting process comprised eucalyptus shavings and swine waste at the ratio 1:8 (1 kg of shavings to 8 L of swine waste). First, 25 L of swine waste were contaminated with 17 antibiotics and mixed in a bench-scale composting system for 150 days. The sample preparation consisted of the solid-liquid extraction followed by a clean-up by dispersive solid phase extraction, and then the extracts were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Antibiotic groups such as quinolones, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides recorded fractions cumulative removal of 99.4%, 99.4% and 97.2%, respectively, at the end of the composting process. On the other hand, antibiotics such as sulfathiazole, chlortetracycline, and tetracycline recorded 100% degradation during the composting process.
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Composting of swine manure spiked with sulfadiazine, chlortetracycline and ciprofloxacin
Bioresource Technology, 2012
The fate of chlortetracycline (CTC), sulfadiazine (SDZ) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) during composting of swine manure and their effect on composting process were investigated. Swine manure was spiked with antibiotics, mixed with saw dust (1:1 on DW basis) and composted for 56 d. Antibiotics were spiked to a final concentration of 50 mg/kg CTC + 10 mg/kg SDZ + 10 mg/kg CIP (High-level) or 5 mg/kg CTC + 1 mg/kg SDZ + 1 mg/kg CIP (Low-level), and a control without antibiotics. Antibiotics at high concentrations delayed the initial decomposition that also affected the nitrogen mineralization. CTC and SDZ were completely removed from the composting mass within 21 and 3 d, respectively; whereas, 17-31% of the spiked CIP remained in the composting mass. Therefore, composting could effectively remove the CTC and SDZ spiked even at high concentrations, but the removal of ciprofloxacin (belonging to fluoroquinolone) needs to be improved, indicating this antibiotic may get into the ecosystem through land application of livestock compost.
2020
Saabunud / Received 31.12.2019 ; Aktsepteeritud / Accepted 07.03.2020 ; Avaldatud veebis / Published online 07.03.2020 ; Vastutav autor / Corresponding author: Lembit Nei e-mail: lembit.nei@taltech.eePharmaceuticals are present in sewage sludge and its compost. This may cause severe health problems due to the plant uptake of pharmaceuticals by food plants when sewage sludge compost is used for fertilizing agricultural soils. Recently studies were conducted for estimating the efficiency of composting technologies in the view of the degradation of pharmaceutical residues. Experiments on plant uptake of pharmaceutical residues showed, that this phenomenon could not be ignored when using sewage sludge compost as a fertilizer. Novel approaches were developed via optimising the composition of the compost mixture with the aim of utilising sewage sludge compost as a nutrient-rich source for the improvement of soil properties. Sawdust as a bulking agent clearly speeded up the degradation of ...
Ecotoxicological evaluation of pig slurry
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