Micropropagation of Swertia chirata Buch.-Hams. ex Wall.: a critically endangered medicinal herb (original) (raw)
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Swertia chirata-A Wonderful Herb
IJPBR, 2022
The Binomial Name is Swertia chirata Buch Ham. Because it grows in Nepal's forests, S.chirata is also known as Nepali Neem. Since the 18th century, India has used S.chirata as a medicinal plant, which Europe has introduced and recommended abroad. It can potentially treat anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-bacterial, wound healing, hypoglycaemic, antioxidant, antitussive, antipyretic, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-tumor. It belongs to the Family: Gentianaceae, Genus: Swertia, and Species: Chirata. This review article contains all the relevant information regarding its morphology, microscopy, phytochemistry, plant description, taxonomy, substitutes of S. chirata, pharmacological activities of the plant. The review article aims to provide brief knowledge about this drug among people and researchers.
Background: Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. is an endangered medicinal herb native to the temperate Himalayan region. The species holds immense ethnobotanical importance in India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan. The herb is known to host a plethora of bioactive phytoconstituents that imbue it with a wide variety of medicinal properties. Modern research has proven that extracts of S. chirata possess antioxidative, anticarcinogenic, antimalarial, anti-infl ammatory and hypoglycaemic activities. The present article aims at highlighting the medicinal importance of S. chirata along with a brief discussion about its bioactive phytoconstituents. The research work carried out for improving the germplasm conservation strategies for S. chirata have also been elucidated in this review. Methods: In-depth analyses of S. chirata have been performed to outline its phytochemical profi le in order to gain a better understanding about its medicinal attributes. Various techniques have also been applied for in vitro germplasm conservation of S. chirata. Result: S. chirata contains numerous potent bioactive compounds that contribute to its medicinal value. The unsupervised exploitation of natural reserves of S. chirata by pharmaceutical companies has driven the species on the verge of extinction, thus making in vitro germplasm conservation of the same essential. Conclusion: The importance of S. chirata as a cure for numerous ailments and health disorders has been welldocumented in traditional and modern medicine. The application of various modern techniques has not only allowed scientists to identify numerous medicinally important compounds present in S. chirata, but also created a platform for maintaining adequate production of this versatile medicinal plant species.
Swertia SPP: A Source of Bitter Compounes for Medicinal Use
1995
ABSTRACT: Swertia is an important genus used in Indian medicine. A comprehensive review on this genus is presented in this article. Genus Swertia Linn belongs to the family gentianaceae. There are 90 species of this genus are cosmopolitan in distribution (Kirtikar and Basu, 1975). Swertia is a large
Swertia Chirata: A Comprehensive review of its abundant medicinal properties
International Journal of Unani and Integrative Medicine
Swertia chirata (S chirata), (Family Gentianaceae) is a well-known herbaceous plant. It is very popular in traditional systems of medicine like Unani, Ayurveda, and Siddha. It is commonly used in Unani medicine, for several pharmacological effects including Musaffi-i-Dam (blood purifier), Muqawwi-i-Mida (stomachic), Muhallil-i-Awram (anti-inflammatory), Muqawwi-i-Qalb wa Jigar (tonic to heart and liver), Mulattif (demulcent), Mudir (diuretic), Mulliyin (laxative) properties. It is used for chronic fever, malaria, anemia, liver disorders, hypertension, dyspepsia, gastritis, ulcers, constipation, and skin diseases, and is included in many pharmacopoeial and non-pharmacopoeial preparations. The entire plant contains ophelic acid, two bitter glycosides chiratin, and amarogentin. It also contains resins, tannin, gum, carbonate, and phosphate of potash, lime, and magnesia. Extensive studies on S. chirata have been carried out by various researchers and a wide spectrum of its pharmacological actions have been explored which includes anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The present review is an effort to provide a detailed survey of the literature, scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics, chemical composition, and pharmacological activities of this plant.
Review on Swertia Chirata as Traditional Uses to Its Pyhtochemistry and Phrmacological Activity
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2018
Swertia chirata (Gentianaceae), is a popular medicinal plant native to temperate Himalaya. The plant of Swertia chirata is found at an altitude of 1200-1300m, from Bhutan to Kashmir and in the Khasi hills at 1200-1500m. It also can be grown in sub-temperate territories between 1500-2100m altitudes. Chirata has an erect and about 2-3 ft long stem. Herbal medicinal plants are necessary for about for about 80% of the world population in developed and developing countries for their basic and primary health care required owing to better tolerability, superior empathy with human body and having lesser side effects. Herbal plants are considered as rich source of phytochemical ingredients. The main chemical ingredients are Swertiamarin, Amarogentin, Swechirin, Mangiferin, Sweroside, Gentianine, Amaroswerin, Oleanolic acid, Swertanoone, Ursolic acid. Phytochemical analysis divulges alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, triterpenoids, saponins, xanthones and ascorbic acid in all sampl...