Coenzyme Q10 therapy in current clinical practice (original) (raw)
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Coenzyme Q10: A Review of Clinical Use and Efficacy
Nutritional Medicine Journal, 2021
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) plays an essential role in energy production as part of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. It also has antioxidant functions and is important for gene regulation, especially of genes involved in cell signalling, metabolism, inflammation, transport and transcription control. Whilst we can obtain small amounts from our diet, most CoQ10 is synthesised in our bodies, which is why it is not considered to be a vitamin. Production declines with age and may also be impaired through illness and/or certain medications, making supplementation an interesting intervention. Although clinical research has been mixed in some indications, CoQ10 supplementation has been found to be a safe and effective intervention in a variety of conditions, including cardiometabolic disorders, fibromyalgia syndrome, migraine and male infertility.
Coenzyme Q10: is there a clinical role and a case for measurement?
The Clinical biochemist. Reviews / Australian Association of Clinical Biochemists, 2008
Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) is an essential cofactor in the mitochondrial electron transport pathway, and is also a lipid-soluble antioxidant. It is endogenously synthesised via the mevalonate pathway, and some is obtained from the diet. CoQ(10) supplements are available over the counter from health food shops and pharmacies. CoQ(10) deficiency has been implicated in several clinical disorders, including but not confined to heart failure, hypertension, Parkinson's disease and malignancy. Statin, 3-hydroxy-3- methyl-glutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy inhibits conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate and lowers plasma CoQ(10) concentrations. The case for measurement of plasma CoQ(10) is based on the relationship between levels and outcomes, as in chronic heart failure, where it may identify individuals most likely to benefit from supplementation therapy. During CoQ(10) supplementation plasma CoQ(10) levels should be monitored to ensure efficacy, given that there is variable bi...
2015
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10; 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-polipropenyl1,4-benzoquinone), also known as ubiquinone 10, is a lipophilic naturally occurring compound located in all membranes of eukaryotic organisms [1]. It is a benzoquinone with 10 isoprene units in the aliphatic chain [2] and it is essential for electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, playing a key role in energy metabolism as an integral part of the electron transport system [3,4]. CoQ10 is the predominant ubiquinone species in humans and it originates from endogenous biosynthesis as well as from dietary intake. It is widely distributed in human tissues, especially in inner membranes of mitochondria where it affects their fluidity and permeability [3,5]. It plays a key role in maintaining the cellular redox state and acts as an antioxidant, inhibiting free radicals and showing synergism with other antioxidants [6].
Coenzyme Q10 Assessment and the Establishment of a Neuronal Cell Model of CoQ10 Deficiency
Methods in Molecular Biology, 2020
Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10) plays a key role as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and as a cellular antioxidant molecule. A deficit in CoQ 10 status may contribute to disease pathophysiology by causing a failure mitochondrial energy metabolism as well as compromising cellular antioxidant capacity. This chapter outlines the analytical methods used for determining cellular CoQ 10 status using high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection. In addition, we present a pharmacological procedure for establishing a human neuronal cell model of CoQ 10 deficiency, for use in research studies.
Coenzyme Q 10 Supplementation in Aging and Disease
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and an antioxidant in plasma membranes and lipoproteins. It is endogenously produced in all cells by a highly regulated pathway that involves a mitochondrial multiprotein complex. Defects in either the structural and/or regulatory components of CoQ complex or in non-CoQ biosynthetic mitochondrial proteins can result in a decrease in CoQ concentration and/or an increase in oxidative stress. Besides CoQ 10 deficiency syndrome and aging, there are chronic diseases in which lower levels of CoQ 10 are detected in tissues and organs providing the hypothesis that CoQ 10 supplementation could alleviate aging symptoms and/or retard the onset of these diseases. Here, we review the current knowledge of CoQ 10 biosynthesis and primary CoQ 10 deficiency syndrome, and have collected published results from clinical trials based on CoQ 10 supplementation. There is evidence that supplementation positively affects mitochondrial deficiency syndrome and the symptoms of aging based mainly on improvements in bioenergetics. Cardiovascular disease and inflammation are alleviated by the antioxidant effect of CoQ 10. There is a need for further studies and clinical trials involving a greater number of participants undergoing longer treatments in order to assess the benefits of CoQ 10 treatment in metabolic syndrome and diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, kidney diseases, and human fertility.