Biodegradable Plastic (PHB) from Bacteria Collected from Gopalpur Beach, Bhubaneswar (original) (raw)
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Towards Excellence, 2021
Plastic materials have been used in various ways such as packaging material, glass wares, certain parts of instruments of various grades, many more. As plastic products are not easily decomposed and accumulate in environment. This has created an adverse effect on our ecosystem. Bioplastics are best alternative to overcome these issues and reduce damages in ecosystem. Bioplastics are easily and speedily degrade under natural environmental conditions. Polyhydroxybutyrate or PHB is a bioplastic, one of the best natural polymer and alternative of synthetic plastic material. Bioplastic are comparative more flexible to convert into various forms also. Normally, it is a lipid reserve material produce in adverse or under stress conditions and stored within the cell wall of microorganisms. Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a natural biopolymer produce by wide range of microbes which is a storage granule used by microbes as an energy as well as carbon source.this microbes includes from extremophiles to mesophiles. The objective of our work was to isolate potential PHB producing bacteria using agro-residues as carbon sources within natural environment conditions. This work describes the understanding of microbes that are involved in the degradation of both natural and synthetic polymers.Also to contribute in green environment by providing eco-friendly product.
Poly hydroxyl butyrate (PHB) can be used as an effective thermoplastic, and has many characteristics similar to those of standard commercial plastics like polypropylene. PHB-based plastic substitutes are less flexible than traditional plastics, they are completely biodegradable and leave behind no residue. In this present study high PHB producing strains were isolated from sewage soil sample. Six strains were showing PHB granules with Sudan Black B staining. The six strains were named as strain 2, 4, 5, 9, 11 and 16. The six strains were morphologicall and biochemically characterized. Growth profiles have been studied for all the strains and the polymer was produced after 48 hrs at 37°C. PHB producing growth medium was used for production of PHB. Strain 11 was showed high PHB production among the six strains. The medium used for PHB production showed high yield of the product was of less cost effective.
Isolation, Screening and Extraction of Polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB) Producing Bacteria from Soil Sample
2018
Plastic and polyesters have wide spread use in today’s society because of their processability and amenability in providing a large variety of cost effective products that help to enhance comfort and quality of life. Synthesis of plastic and synthetic polymers from non renewable resources and after intended use ,resulting into environmental pollution.Therefore the value in developing biodegradable plastics such as poly hydroxyl butyrate (PHB), which consist of desirable chemical and physical properties similar to conventional synthetic plastics and are environment friendly too.In the present study an attempt was made to isolate efficient PHB producing bacteria from highly polluted soil.From the different colonies a single type of bacteria were isolated and found to be PHB positive based on the viable colony staining method using Sudan black B and the organism identified as B.cereus. Then Bacillus cereus found to be quite efficient PHB producer and exhibiting a potential for their ut...
Bio plastics are naturally occurring biodegradable polymers made from polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) of which poly 3-hydroxy butyric acid (PHB) is the most common. PHB serves as an energy storage molecule and accumulates intracellular as storage granules in microbes. This work utilized the biodiversity of bacteria to isolate various species from different environments and screen them for their ability to produce PHB. Two samples (Red soil from field and contaminated water from a lake) were collected, assayed and screened for PHB production. Six species were identified by Sudan Black screening methods positive for PHB production in natural conditions. Two different production medium were used such as a synthetic media (MSM media) and a complex media (Nutrient agar media) with addition of 1% glucose in both. Presence of accumulation of PHB in these strains was confirmed and estimated by Spectrophotometric analysis. Micrococcus and Bacillus azotoformans species isolated from soil sample showed maximum production of 0.162 mM and 0.157 mM respectively in modified Nutrient broth whereas Pseudomonas from water sample showed comparatively good production of 0.166 mM.
Bio plastics are naturally occurring biodegradable polymers made from polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) of which poly 3-hydroxy butyric acid (PHB) is the most common. PHB serves as an energy storage molecule and accumulates intracellular as storage granules in microbes. This work utilized the biodiversity of bacteria to isolate various species from different environments and screen them for their ability to produce PHB. Two samples ( Red soil from field and contaminated water from a lake) were collected, assayed and screened for PHB production. Six species were identified by Sudan Black screening methods positive for PHB production in natural conditions. Two different production medium were used such as a synthetic media (MSM media) and a complex media (Nutrient agar media) with addition of 1% glucose in both. Presence of accumulation of PHB in these strains was confirmed and estimated by Spectrophotometric analysis. Micrococcus and Bacillus azotoformans species isolated from soil sample showed maximum production of 0.162 mM and 0.157 mM respectively in modified Nutrient broth whereas Pseudomonas from water sample showed comparatively good production of 0.166 mM.
2022
The present study was aimed to explore the characterization of polyhydroxy butrate extracted from the bacterial strain under optimized conditions for the production of bioplastic. Under optimized fermentation conditions, Polyhydroxy butrate (PHB) was extracted and subjected to examine their properties via Thin Layer Chromotogram (TLC), Gas Chromotogram- Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FTIR). The presence of a brown spot in the TLC plate indicates the presence of hydroxylgroup which is similar to the polymer group. GC-MS analysis of extracted PHB shows peaks at the retention time of 3.8, 11.6 which is corresponding to octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, butyl -2-ethylester confirms the presence of polymeric nature in the extracted PHB. The absorption bands of FTIR at 1719–1720 cm −1 indicate the presence of C=O group of PHB. The absorption peaks at wave numbers 500-1000 cm -1 , 1055 cm -1 and 1230 cm -1 denotes (OH) group, (C–O) stretch and (C=O) est...
Production of Bioplastic from some selected Bacterial strains
Polyhydroxybutyrates are biodegradable polyesters synthesized by many bacteria Biodegradable polymer plays a predominant role as a biodegradable plastic due to their hydrolysable ester bonds. In the present study fromthirty two bacterial isolates collected from clay soil rhizopher of maiz, wheat and trefoil eighteen PHB producers.PHB is highly produced from microorganisms under optimum conditions such as physical conditions (pH, temperature, incubation times),Nutritional conditions(Carbon, Nitrogen sources and C/N ratio and Biochemical conditions. Due to their biological origin it is an advantage of PHB is, they are degraded naturally and completely to carbon dioxide and water under natural environment by the enzymatic activities of microbes. The present study reports the isolation and screening of soil bacteria and subsequent PHB production under normal conditions. It was observed that clay soil was able to produce maximum yield of PHB.
Plastics produced from petrochemical sources and known as polypropylene are now accumulating in our environment at rates of millions of tons per year creating severe problems. The present study aims to the production and isolation of PHB (polyhydroxy-buty rate ), a biodegradable plastic, from agro-industrial waste products (whey and date molasses) due to its high economic and industrial importance , taking into consideration many points that lead to produce PHB on large scale. The methodology of this study includes screening study for the isolation of a promising microbial producer of PHB , and optimization experiments to evaluate the best environmental and physiological factors that lead to maximum PHB production. Under the optimized conditions, Lactobacillus acidophilus has shown maximum production when grown for 4 days on date molasses supplemented with NB yielding 0.412g/50ml of PHB, followed by Bacillus thuringiensis (0.367g/50ml) grown for 4 days on the same medium, and Bacillus subtilis (0.337g/50ml) grown for 6 days on whey supplemented with glucose, yeast extract, and peptone. Eleven nutritional factors were examined for their significance on PHB production using a statistical design known as Plackette-Burman. Maximum PHB output of 43.1 g/l produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus was revealed by the statistical design, which represents about 7.04 fold increase in PHB production. Fedbatch fermentation was carried out using the optimized fermentation medium and PHB production has been increased to 27.5% as compared with batch closed process. PHB was detected by transmission electron microscopy and monitoring UV spectra of the sample by scanning the samples between 220 and 300nm compared with standard PHB. Lactobacillus acidophilus can be used for PHB production on large industrial scale, solving by this one of the problems of solid waste management that results from the accumulation of plastics and saving the environment from additional air pollution caused by its recycling.
Study of Polyhydroxybutyrate producing Bacillussp. isolated from Soil
2015
Poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), one of the polyhydroxyalkanoates is the most popularly used bioplastic. These, being biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, are accumulated as energy reserve granules by many microbia intracellularly under carbon rich and nutrient starving conditions. PHB has proved itself as a promising alternative to non degradable plastics. PHB as bioplastics serves advantage of biological origin and can be completely degraded by variety of microorganisms. In the present study, different PHB producing microorganisms were isolated from soil using E2 medium and its rapid screening for PHB production was performed by Sudan Black B dye plate assay. The PHB accumulators were then subjected to spectrophotometric quantitation method and the highest accumulator was identified and characterized. Isolate KOL IV showed maximum accumulation of PHB and was optimized for its ability to accumulate maximum amount of PHB. It was identified as one of the Bacillus species and could ...
BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC PRODUCTION BY THE BACTERIUM Alcaligenes faecalis ISOLATED FROM MARINE ESTURY
Plastic is one of the major pollutants at present time around the world, which is used for daily use like packaging materials, carry bags, manufacturing of different types of materials etc. Replace the use of synthetic plastic as well as to reduce the increasing environmental pollution an alternative must be developed. This need of synthetic plastic can be fulfilled by use of bioplastics. Polyhydroxy alkanoates are polymers produced by bacteria, among which Polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB) is one major group biodegradable plastics can be produced from a number of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and yeast. In the present study, the biodegradable PHB producing bacteria were isolated from the marine Vellar estuary sample. Ten bacterial isolates were identified on the basis of PHB accumulation. Among this Alcaligenes sp., produce maximum intensity of PHB granule. The presence of PHB granule in bacterial cells were primarily identified by staining with Sudan black B. Alcaligenes faecalis shows maximum PHB production of different carbon and nitrogen source under aerobic condition. Mass scale cultivation of potent organism with high sucrose (0.8 %) and 6 % peptone as a nitrogen source. The PHB produced were characterized by GC-MS. Diverse substrate for the production of PHB in Alcaligenes faecalis was analyzed.