Giardia lamblia: a major parasitic cause of childhood diarrhoea in patients attending a district hospital in Ghana (original) (raw)
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Acta Tropica, 1991
84 young children from a rural community, Nderu, in Kenya, were each followed for up to 10 months, from January to November 1987. Their ages ranged from 10 to 28 months over the period of study. Stools were obtained once a week, as were reports from the mothers about presence of abdominal complaints, including diarrhoea. A total of 2258 stools and 1873 reports were collected. 9 parasites were commonly encountered of which Giardia lamblia was the most frequent at 44.7%. The overall estimated number of new Giardia episodes per year per child was 2.77 + 2.22 SD and the mean estimated duration of infection was 75.25 + 73.84 SD days per child. The mean proportion of positive visits per child was 0.42 + 0.25 SD. Giardia trophozoites, Trichomonas hominis, Chilomastix mesnili, Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis and Hymenolepis nana were all significantly associated with unformed stools and reports of diarrhoea. There was a significant probability of finding Giardia in stool within + 2 weeks of a report of diarrhoea. Poly-parasitism was common and several paired associations were significantly positive, particularly between species of amoebae. Quantity of Giardia in stool (expressed as a 0 to 5 + score) was suppressed both by type and number of other parasites present.
Giardia lamblia infections in children in Ghana
Pan African Medical Journal, 2016
Introduction: Though giardiasis is an important public health problem in Ghana, several aspects of its epidemiology, particularly the molecular epidemiology has not been investigated adequately. This could be a major hindrance to effective surveillance and control of giardiasis in the country. The study was carried out to determine the prevalence, risk factors and genotypes of Giardia lamblia infecting children at a paediatric hospital in Ghana. Methods: A total of 485 patients including 365 diarrhoea and 120 non-diarrhoea children were enrolled into the study. Stool samples were collected and analysed for parasite presence using microscopy, ELISA and PCR. Positive samples were subsequently characterized into assemblages by PCR-RFLP, and further confirmed with sequencing of the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) gene. Epidemiological data on demographic, clinical and behavioral features of the study subjects were also collected. Results: Prevalence of G. lamblia infections in diarrhoea and non-diarrhoea children were 5.8% and 5% respectively (P>0.5). Sequence data confirmed Giardia lamblia assemblage B as the predominant genotype in both diarrhoea and non-diarrhoea cases. There was no significant association of G. lamblia infection with any of the epidemiological variables investigated. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that assemblage B could be the predominant genotype causing giardiasis in children. Increased public health education focusing on good sanitary practices, particularly among mothers and children, could decrease the risk of G. lamblia infection.
Prevalence of Giardia lamblia in diarrheic children in Almadinah Almunawarh, KSA
Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2011
Giardia lamblia is one of the most common intestinal parasites of humans. It is a flagellated, teardropshaped parasite which has two life forms, the trophozoite and the cyst. This study was carried out in Almadinah Almunawarh in 2011 to determine the prevalence of giardiasis in diarrheic children. Three methods were used in this study: direct microscopic examination of stool samples, formol-ethyl acetate concentration technique and rapid dipstick immunodiagnostic technique (detection of Giardia coproantigen). Out of 889 stool specimens collected from children, giardiasis was detected in 1.9% of them. The age group 6-8 years had the highest rate (41.2%) and 4-6 years the lowest (29.4%). Also, males had a higher rate than females (52.9%) and (47.1%), respectively. Diagnosis of giardiasis should rely on microscopic examination of stool samples. Concentration techniques are to be done if available, together with sensitive and specific immunichromatographic tests.
Prevalence of Giardia Lamblia in Diarrhea in Some Health Centers in Duhok City, Iraq
The Journal of University of Duhok
Giardia lamblia is an intestinal protozoan disease that is common in developing nations, particularly among children, as a result of inadequate sanitation, poor sewage drainage, and a lack of attention to personal health. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence and identify the risk factors for Giardia lamblia infection in children who had been attended in different health centers in Duhok city, North of Iraq. A total of 642 fecal samples were collected from children aged from (0-6) years in different health centers in Duhok city during the period between June 2022 to November 2022, and were examined for detection of Giardia lamblia by using direct microscopic examination and floatation method. Out of 642 samples examined, 61 (9.50%) were positive for Giardia lamblia. The age group (5-6) years had the highest rate of infection (16.74%). The prevalence rate among males (10.09%) was higher than females (8.88%). According to months the greatest rates of infection being observed in June and July (2.80 and 2.65%, respectively), and lowest rate was observed in November (0.16%). Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that the prevalence of Giardia lamblia parasite in Duhok cities is still high and it's required effective techniques and plans to stop the spread of these parasites.
Prevalence of Giardia Lamblia in Children with Diarrhea in Tirana
2016
Giardia lamblia is one of the most common intestinal parasites of humans. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of G. lamblia in children less than 10 years old with diarrhea in Tirana district in 2013. This cross sectional study was conducted on children less than 10 years old with diarrhea referred to public health microbiological laboratory of Tirana district from January to December 2013. Of the total of 678 stool 301 (44.4%) were females, and 377 were males (55.6%) (fig.1). Among the cases' age groups, the lowest positivity rate was detected in children 1-2 years old. In contrast, the highest percentage of positive cases were detected in children aging 4-6 years of age (7.6%), followed by those between 6 and 8 years of age (9.8%). the highest rate of positive cases was recorded in February (12%), while the lowest cases were recorded in July (1.7%). No drug or vaccine can prevent giardia infection. But common-sense precautions can go a long way toward reducing ...
Prevalence of Giardia lamblia among children in Sulaimani city, Iraq
International journal of health sciences
Intestinal protozoan parasites Giardia lamblia (G.L) (Giardia duodenalis, G. lamblia, or G. intestinalis) is a flagellated zoonotic parasite are extremely common in impoverished nations, posing major public health risks. The majority of Giardia lamblia infections are asymptomatic. However, sometime abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever are the most common clinical symptoms of giardiasis, especially in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of G.L among children in Sulaimani city, North of Iraq. This study was conducted from January to April 2022. The incidence of giardiasis was investigated in Jamal Ahmad Rashid Pediatric Teaching Hospital. A total of (6600) samples from general stool exam (GSE) by direct microscopic examination were studied. Male and Female, Personal Hygiene, and Eating Habits were all investigated in order to identify a link between giardiasis prevalence and these characteristics. Out of 6600 samples of GSE examined, 19 (0.2%) were positi...
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 2007
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and to identify risk factors associated with Giardia lamblia infection in diarrheic children hospitalized for diarrhea in Goiânia, State of Goiás, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted and a comprehensive questionnaire was administered to the child's primary custodian. Fixed effects logistic regression was used to determine the association between infection status for G. lamblia and host, sociodemographic, environmental and zoonotic risk factors. A total of 445 fecal samples were collected and processed by the DFA methodology, and G. lamblia cysts were present in the feces of 44 diarrheic children (9.9%). A variety of factors were found to be associated with giardiasis in these population: age of children (OR, 1.18; 90% CI, 1.0 - 1.36; p = 0.052), number of children in the household (OR 1.45; 90% CI, 1.13 - 1.86; p = 0.015), number of cats in the household (OR, 1.26; 90% CI, 1.03 -1.53; p = 0.059), food hygiene ...
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, 2022
Giardia lamblia is one of the pathogenic parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract and commonly causes diarrhoea, iron deficiency anemia, and other gastrointestinal problem in men, especially among children in poor sanitation areas with contaminated drinking water resources. This study aimed to detect and determination of the rate of giardiasis in Duhok city. In this study, 105 Stool samples were collected from children of different ages and both sex, during different days from May to August 2019. Serological tests have been applied for the identification of giardiasis. From the results, 5.71% (6) stool samples were given positive, 4.87% in males and 6.25% in females, Depending on the stool types, 3.1% (1) of infection were reported in semi-formed stool type, 7.69% (3) in loose and 5.88% (2) in watery stool type. According to the age groups, the highest infection (3) was recorded in the 6-10 years’ accounting (8.57%), while the lowest infection rate was 3.12% (1) in > 10 years’ age groups, with no significant differences. This study shows the prevalence rate of G. lamblia among children in Duhok city. Preventing this infection requires good plans and strategies with good individual hygiene, the use of a healthy drinking water supply, and useful educational program to control this disease.