Implementation of an LTE-Based Channel Measurement Method for High-Speed Railway Scenarios (original) (raw)
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A LTE-Based Channel Measurement Method for High-Speed Railway Communications
2016
Because of the measurement restriction and measurement efficiency issues of applying conventional channel sounders in high-speed railway (HSR) scenarios, railway network based channel measurement methods have recently attracted much attention. A method that employs long-term evolution (LTE) railway networks to achieve channel measurements for HSR communications is presented. The principle of the method is described and the channel sounding performance is analyzed. The method is implemented by a novel measurement system which can enable the collection of time-frequency-space channel data. Based on the system, field measurements that consider both direct and relay coverage schemes are conducted on Beijing to Tianjin HSR in China. Measurement data are partitioned into single-link case in which the common channel parameters can be extracted and multi-link case in which the correlation between different links can be characterized. Finally, statistical results, involving path loss (PL), R...
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2019
It is essential to capture joint channel characteristics in cooperative multi-link systems in order to make realistic performance assessments and channel modeling. This paper investigates the joint statistical properties of large-scale parameters (LSPs) in high-speed railway (HSR) multi-link propagation scenarios. A dedicated long-term evolution (LTE) network-based multi-link channel sounding system is established, which breaks the constraints in HSR measurements and supports simultaneous time-frequency-space measurements for multiple links. To guarantee the effectiveness of multi-link measurements, a time-delaywindow-based partition method is used to identify channel impulse responses from different links. Based on the processed multi-link data, the statistics of LSPs, involving shadow fading, K-factor, delay spread, and azimuth spread, is estimated and compared for the two links in a plain viaduct scenario on HSR. Then, auto-correlations and two kinds of cross correlations, such as intra-link correlation and inter-link correlation in the measured scenario, are calculated and analyzed. In addition, a simulation model of joint statistical characteristics for LSPs is proposed and validated according to the obtained measurement results. These results can be used to assess the actual performance of cooperative multi-link systems on HSR, and the proposed model can provide realistic inputs for channel models in HSR multi-link propagation scenarios. Index Terms-High-speed railway channel, joint channel characteristics, cross-correlation, azimuth spread, channel modeling.
Measurements and Analysis of Short-Term Fading Behavior in High-Speed Railway Communication Networks
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019
This paper presents the analysis of short-term fading behavior in high-speed railway (HSR) communication networks, based on passive channel measurements. A long-term evolution (LTE)-based channel sounding system is used to measure the propagation characteristics in a dedicated HSR LTE network with multiple scenarios, such as rural, station, and suburban, and with the echo channel effect (ECE) caused by the same signaling from different remote radio units. The measurement data are partitioned into four cases, involving rural, rural with the ECE, station, and suburban, aiming to investigate the impact of two factors, e. g., the scenario and the ECE, on the propagation characteristics. Based on the processed data, the short-term fading behavior is characterized in terms of the fading severity and the time-frequency-space dispersion in the four cases. The distance-dependent models and statistical models of Ricean Kfactor, delay spread, Doppler spread, and angular spread are proposed and compared with previous work. The presented results will be useful in time-frequency-space channel modeling for future HSR mobile communication systems. Index Terms-High-speed railway channel, echo channel effect, short-term fading, time-frequency-space dispersion, channel modeling.
Railway Wireless Communications Channel Characterization
Applied Sciences, 2021
Railway applications are in continuous evolution with the aim of offering a more efficient, sustainable, and safer transportation system for the users. Generally, these applications are constantly exchanging information between the systems onboard the train and the trackside through a wireless communication. Nowadays, Global System for Mobile communications-Railway (GSM-R) is the technology used by European Train Control System (ETCS), but it is becoming obsolete. Therefore, alternatives for this technology have to be found for the different railway applications. Its natural evolution is to move forward with the latest technology deployed: Long-Term Evolution (LTE), which the Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN) have already deployed. Therefore, testing the performance of this communication technology in the railway environment could be useful to assess its suitability and reduce the cost of railway network dedicated deployment. In order to do that, a methodology to characterize the c...
Broadband wireless channel measurements for high speed trains
2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2015
We describe a channel sounding measurement campaign for cellular broadband wireless communications with high speed trains that was carried out in the context of the project CORRIDOR. The campaign combines MIMO and carrier aggregation to achieve very high throughputs. We compare two different scenarios, the first one reflects a cellular deployment, where the base station is about 1km away from the railway line. The second scenario corresponds to a railway deployed network, where the base station is located directly next the the railway line. We present the general parameters of the measurement campaign and some preliminary results of Power Delay Profiles and Doppler Spectra and their evolution over time.
Wide Band Propagation in Train-to-Train Scenarios -Measurement Campaign and First Results
Within the next decades the railway systems will change to fully autonomous high speed trains (HSTs). An increase in efficiency and safety and a reduction of costs would go hand in hand. Today's centralized railway management system and established regulations can not cope with trains driving within the absolute braking distance as it would be necessary for electronic coupling or platooning maneuvers. Hence, to ensure safety and reliability, new applications and changes in the train control and management are necessary. Such changes demand new reliable control communication links between train-to-train (T2T) and future developments on train-to-ground (T2G). T2G will be covered by long term evolution-railway (LTE-R) which shall replace today's global system for mobile communications-railway (GSM-R). The decentralized T2T communication is hardly investigated and no technology has been selected. This publication focuses on the wide band propagation for T2T scenarios and describes a extensive channel sounding measurement campaign with two HSTs. First results of T2T communication at high speed conditions in different environments are presented.
An Efficient MIMO Channel Model for LTE-R Network in High-Speed Train Environment
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019
Long-term evolution for railway (LTE-R) represents a promising network for smart railway, enabling fast and reliable wireless communications on high-speed trains (HSTs) with speeds as high as 500km/h. To the best of our knowledge, the existing channel models are insufficient to assess such performance. To fill this gap, we propose the tapped delay line (TDL) model for a 2 × 2 MIMO channel in typical LTE-R HST scenarios. The models are efficient, yet flexible, which can capture the essential channel characteristics in the delay domain, Doppler domain, and spatial domain. Due to the practical difficulties of HST channel measurements, the channel between the fixed transmitter and the high-mobile train cannot be recorded sufficiently for establishing these stochastic models. Therefore, we develop channel models using a ray-tracing (RT) simulator that is validated by HST channel measurements at 2.15 GHz. This paper gives a full parameterization for the proposed channel models, and presents their implementation in channel and link-level simulations. The verification is made through a comparison of the proposed models and the measurement-validated RT simulations in terms of the delay spreads, the eigenvalues and the error vector magnitudes.
Statistical Properties of High-Speed Train Wireless Channels in Different Scenarios
2016 IEEE 83rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), 2016
In this paper, we investigate the statistical properties of high-speed train (HST) channels using a generic non-stationary HST wireless channel model. Based on the aforementioned model, which has been verified by measurements data, several channel statistical properties such as the temporal autocorrelation function (ACF), cross-correlation function (CCF), and space-Doppler (SD) power spectrum density (PSD) are investigated. Here, we mainly focus our analysis on the three most common HST scenarios, i.e., the rural area, cutting, and viaduct scenarios. The impacts of different scenario-specific parameters on the channel statistical properties are investigated via numerical analysis.
Science China Information Sciences, 2017
The rapid developments of high-speed trains (HSTs) introduce new challenges to HST wireless communication systems. Realistic HST channel models play a critical role in designing and evaluating HST communication systems. Due to the length limitation, bounding of tunnel itself, and waveguide effect, channel characteristics in tunnel scenarios are very different from those in other HST scenarios. Therefore, accurate tunnel channel models considering both large-scale and small-scale fading characteristics are essential for HST communication systems. Moreover, certain characteristics of tunnel channels have not been investigated sufficiently. This article provides a comprehensive review of the measurement campaigns in tunnels and presents some tunnel channel models using various modeling methods. Finally, future directions in HST tunnel channel measurements and modeling are discussed. Keywords 5G, HST, tunnel scenarios, tunnel channel measurements, tunnel channel models, non-stationary statistical properties. Citation Liu Y, Ghazal A, Wang C X, et al. Channel measurements and models for high-speed train wireless communication systems in tunnel scenarios: a survey.
Broadband Access in Complex Environments: LTE on Railway
IEICE Transactions on Communications, 2014
This paper assesses the main challenges associated with the propagation and channel modeling of broadband radio systems in a complex environment of high speed and metropolitan railways. These challenges comprise practical simulation, modeling interferences, radio planning, test trials and performance evaluation in different railway scenarios using Long Term Evolution (LTE) as test case. This approach requires several steps; the first is the use of a radio propagation simulator based on ray-tracing techniques to accurately predict propagation. Besides the radio propagation simulator, a complete test bed has been constructed to assess LTE performance, channel propagation conditions and interference with other systems in real-world environments by means of standard-compliant LTE transmissions. Such measurement results allowed us to evaluate the propagation and performance of broadband signals and to test the suitability of LTE radio technology for complex railway scenarios.