Original Paper A Community Study of Depression in Adolescent Girls: Prevalence and Its Relation to Age (original) (raw)
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A community study of depression in adolescent girls. I: Estimates of symptom and syndrome prevalence
1993
A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in 11â€"16-year-old girls. Girls from three secondary schools (1072 girls in total) were administered questionnaires and 375 were selected for direct interview. The estimated prevalence for current major depressive disorder (within the past month) for the population was 3.6%, and for the past year was 6.0%. Scores on the self-report questionnaire of mood disturbance increased with age, as did the prevalence of depressive disorder. A large proportion of interviewed girls reported depressive symptoms which did not meet the DSMâ€"lIlâ€"R criteria for major depressive disorder. The estimated prevalence of this ‘¿ partial syndrome' group was
A Community Study of Depression in Adolescent Girls
British Journal of Psychiatry, 1993
A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in 11–16-year-old girls. Girls from three secondary schools (1072 girls in total) were administered questionnaires and 375 were selected for direct interview. The estimated prevalence for current major depressive disorder (within the past month) for the population was 3.6%, and for the past year was 6.0%. Scores on the self-report questionnaire of mood disturbance increased with age, as did the prevalence of depressive disorder. A large proportion of interviewed girls reported depressive symptoms which did not meet the DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder. The estimated prevalence of this ‘partial syndrome’ group was 8.9% for a current episode and 20.7% for the past year.
A Comprehensive Study of Depression in Adolescent Girls
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2015
Depressive disorders in adolescents are a major cause of concern. As these disorders are subject to high recurrences in adulthood. The risk factors have to be identified and prompt treatment should be initiated. 15% have depression and 56% have depressive symptoms. The causes ranged from financial, broken homes, or death in the family, chronic illness. Symptoms of depression were unhappiness, restlessness, agitation, anger, dis interest in a pleasurable job. In the schools failure, in academics, in 47% girls lead to depression, partiality, abuse, was also contributing factors. Several studies, in particular, a study from Delhi showed depression to be the 3rd leading cause of death. Our study showed 6%, 12% had problems at home, 73% had clear idea about future plans. The problem should be identified and a team of psychiatrics, psychologists, pediatrician should bring down the problem.
Screening for depression in a sample of Egyptian secondary school female students
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2012
Background: Depression is common in female adolescents. Data on prevalence rates, sociodemographic correlates, and putative risk factors in Egyptian population are needed along with better screening tools to inform future research and service development. We aimed to estimate the point prevalence of depression in a representative sample of Egyptian female students; to detect the sensitivity and specificity of CDI as a screening tool, and to highlight some putative risk factors associated with depression. Method: Multistage random selection of 602 female students from public and private secondary schools in Eastern Cairo. All participants were subjected to screening using the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Non-patient version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis-I disorders. Results: Depression was estimated to be 15.3% by CDI in comparison to 13.3% by SCID-I/NP. The sensitivity and specificity of CDI were 74.8% and 97.6% respectively. Regression Analysis pointed to a number of predictive factors as; academic underachievement, quarrelsome family atmosphere, socioeconomic status, negative life events and family history of psychiatric disorders. Limitations: The cross-sectional design, the lack of collateral information and access to records precluded inference of casualty. The lack of the rural comparator and samples from other governorates limits the generalisation of results. Conclusion: Depression was prevalent in a sample of Egyptian female secondary school students. It correlated with some psychosocial factors and can be effectively screened using CDI. Hence, there is a need for better screening, Psychoeducational programmes, and services for better identification, early intervention and targeting for those at risk.
2013
Background: Adolescents one quarter of Egyptian population often face considerable challenges and dilemmas. They hesitate to disclose their feelings to their parents and rarely seek psychiatric help. In Sinai these challenges are aggravated by the unique quality of life and ecological problems. Objective: To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression associated risk factors in preparatory and secondary school students in South Sinai. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study included 546 male and female students, randomly recruited from preparatory and secondary public schools in South Sinai. Five cities were selected to include Bedouin and Urban students. Self-report questionnaires were applied to all subjects including sociodemographic characteristics, depression risk factors, Paediatric Symptom Checklist—Youth Report (Y-PSC), and Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC). Results: The total sample mean score of CES-DC was 1...
The nature of adolescent depression in United Arab Emirates
Abstract: This study examines the nature of adolescent depression in United Arab Emirates. The emphasis is on the frequency, components, age and sex differences of depression in the normal adolescent native population in UAE. Four hundred and thirty five 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th grade students (223 females, & 212 males) from three Emirates volunteered to complete the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Data were analysed in order to answer the following questions: (1) What is the frequency distribution of depression in the native adolescent population? (2) Are there age and sex differences related to depression in the aforementioned population? (3) What are the major components of depression in this population? Findings indicated that : (1) Depression, as measured by the (CDI) is reported at relatively low levels in the normal native adolescent population. Graphically, the sample depression score distribution can be described as being slightly skewed to the right, thus indicating a tendency towards low levels of depression, and the population distribution seems to depart from normality. (2) A clear pattern of sex differences in depression was apparent, but no age difference was found in this population. (3) The major components of depression in this population were identified as : 1-General Anhedonia, 2- Indecisiveness. ...3- Hopelessness. 4- Loneliness. 5- Decline in school performance. 6 – self- deprecation (via peer comparison).7-sleep disturbance,8-pessimistic worrying and anaerobia at school . The results are discussed in the light of previous studies in the literature. Implications for counseling and future research are presented.
Depression in adolescents: gender differences in Oman and Egypt
To investigate the differences between adolescent boys and girls, the rates of depression and associated factors were determined for secondary school adolescents in 2 different samples, 552 in South Sharqiya, Oman, and 1577 in Alexandria, Egypt. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the correlates of depression. In Alexandria, the rate of having depressive symptoms in girls was almost double that in boys. In Oman, however, there was no significant difference. History of abuse during adolescence predicted depression in almost all the models. Poor relationship with parents affected girls more than boys in Alexandria and in the merged sample. Gender differences in rates or correlates of depression exist but may differ for different countries. La dépression chez les adolescents : différences sexospécifiques à Oman et en Égypte RÉSUMÉ Afin d'examiner les différences entre adolescents et adolescentes, on a établi les taux de dépression et les facteurs associés pour des adolescents d'écoles secondaires dans 2 échantillons différents, 552 à Sharqiya Sud (Oman) et 1577 à Alexandrie (Égypte). Des modèles de régression lo-gistique multivariée ont été utilisés pour étudier les corrélats de la dépression. À Alexandrie, le taux de symptômes dépressifs chez les filles était presque le double de celui des garçons. À Oman, toutefois, il n'y avait pas de différence significative. Les antécédents de mauvais traitements durant l'adolescence permettaient de prédire la dépression dans presque tous les modèles. Les mauvaises relations avec les parents affectaient davantage les filles que les garçons à Alexandrie et dans l'échantillon fusionné. Il existe des différences sexospécifiques dans les taux ou les corrélats de la dépression mais elles peuvent varier d'un pays à l'autre.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2016
Background: Depression in adolescents constitutes a global public health concern. However, data on its prevalence and associated factors are limited in low income countries like Uganda. Methods: Using a cross-sectional descriptive study design, 519 adolescent students in 4 secondary schools in Mukono district, Uganda, were randomly selected after meeting study criteria. The 4 school types were: boarding mixed (boys and girls) school; day mixed school; girls' only boarding school; and, boys' only boarding school. The 519 participants filled out standardized questionnaires regarding their socio-demographic characteristics and health history. They were then screened for depression using the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and those with a cutoff of 19 were administered the Mini International Neuro-Psychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents 2.0 (MINI-KID), to ascertain the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM IV) diagnostic types of depression and any co morbidity. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with significant depression symptoms (a score of 19 or more on the CDI). Results: There were 301 (58 %) boys and 218 (42 %) girls with age range 14-16 years and a mean age of 16 years (SD 2.18). Of 519 participants screened with the CDI, 109 (21 %) had significant depression symptoms. Of the 109 participants with significant depression symptoms, only 74 were evaluated with the MINI-KID and of these, 8 (11 %) met criteria for major depression and 6 (8 %) met criteria for dysthymia. Therefore, among participants that were assessed with both the CDI and the MINI-KID (n = 484), the prevalence of depressive disorders was 2.9 %. In this sample, 15 (3.1 %) reported current suicidal ideation. In the logistic regression analyses, significant depression symptoms were associated with single-sex schools, loss of parents and alcohol consumption. Limitations: This is a cross-sectional study therefore, causal relationships are difficult to establish. Limited resources and the lack of collateral information precluded the assessment of a number of potential factors that could be associated with adolescent depression. The MINI-KID was administered to only 74 out of 109 students who scored ≥19 on the CDI since 35 students could not be traced again due to limited resources at the time. Conclusions: Significant depression symptoms are prevalent among school-going adolescents and may progress to full-blown depressive disorders. Culturally sensitive psychological interventions to prevent and treat depression among school-going adolescents are urgently needed.
Sultan Qaboos University medical journal, 2009
To determine the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress among secondary school girls. A cross- sectional study was carried out on secondary school girls in Abha city, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia, using the Arabic version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42). Of 545 female students recruited in this study, 73.4% had the symptoms of at least one of the three studied disorders; 50.1% had at least two disorders. The prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress was 41.5 %, 66.2% and 52.5% respectively. The majority of symptoms were mild to moderate in severity. The scores for depression, anxiety, and stress were positively and significantly correlated. No significant association was found between the girls' sociodemographic characteristics and the scores of the three studied disorders. One of the most important aspects of a primary care physician's care of females is to screen for and treat common mental disorders.
Determinants of Depression in Female Adolescents and Youth
The Professional Medical Journal, 2008
Introduction: Adolescents and youth are the main human resource for a nation. Depression is a grave yard for hopes and prosperity making the generation sad, inactive, and having suicidal thoughts. Thus every effort should be made to create awareness and eliminate depression from our youth. Objective: To find out the psychosocial determinants of depression in female adolescent and youth. Design: Case control study. Place and duration: Lahore cant urban area, from March, 2007 to July, 2007. Material and methods: It was a community based case control study. Total 400 young females were selected. 200 cases of depression and 200 in the control group. An interview schedule including a structured, pre-tested and bilingual questionnaire was used after taking consent. SPSS and Epi info were used for data analysis. Chi square test was applied. Results: In this study the depression in adolescent and young females had statistically significant relationship with unemployment, underage marriage, ...