Characteristics of Suspended Sediment Loadings under Asian Summer Monsoon Climate Using the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (original) (raw)
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Estimation of the suspended sediment load in Imha–Andong watershed using SWAT model
For efficient turbid water management a SWAT model was established for the Imha-Andong watershed where serious turbid water problems have frequently occurred. To evaluate soil loss combined with rainfall runoff process, the analysis focused on comparing the daily runoff discharge and concentration of suspended sediment (SS) using measured data sets. The results of annual SS load analysis for each sub-basin using the calibrated model showed that in the entire target watershed the soil loss ranged from 0.7 to 5.9 tons/ha in year 2005 and from 3.0 to 34.0 tons/ha in year 2003 when the typhoon 'Maemi' severly affected the area. In the future, it is suggest to increase model simulation accuracies supported by a long-term and extensive monitoring to enhance basin-wide suspended sediment estimation and management.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 2021
Flood is a natural disaster that frequently happens and causes many material and immaterial losses. During flooding, the suspended sediment is carried along by the streamflow. The amount of sediment transported varies and depends on natural and anthropogenic factors. Limited studies have been conducted regarding the relationship between peak flood volume and its sediment content. Therefore, a study with the purpose to understand the relationship of rainfall characteristics, peak flood volume, and suspended sediment was undertaken in Kedungbulus Catchment in Gombong, Central Java, Indonesia. The size of Kedungbulus catchment is 37.8 km2. To collect the required data, an automatic stream water level recorder was installed in the outlet of the catchment. In addition, an automatic and two conventional rain gauges were set up inside the catchment. Hydrograph and statistical analysis were conducted on 2016-2017 data. The results showed that during the study period, the highest peak flood ...
Estimation of Suspended Sediment Load in Imha-Andong Watershed using SWAT Model
2008
For efficient turbid water management a SWAT model was established for the Imha-Andong watershed where serious turbid water problems have frequently occurred. To evaluate soil loss combined with rainfall runoff process, the analysis focused on comparing the daily runoff discharge and concentration of suspended sediment (SS) using measured data sets. The results of annual SS load analysis for each sub-basin using the calibrated model showed that in the entire target watershed the soil loss ranged from 0.7 to 5.9 tons/ha in year 2005 and from 3.0 to 34.0 tons/ha in year 2003 when the typhoon 'Maemi' severly affected the area. In the future, it is suggest to increase model simulation accuracies supported by a long-term and extensive monitoring to enhance basin-wide suspended sediment estimation and management.
Abstract -- Increased concern for environmental sustainability has put more emphasis on predicting sediment concentrations rather than loads. Rating curves, relating sediment load to discharge, assume inherently a unique relationship of concentration and discharge and therefore although performing satisfactorily in predicting loads, it may be less applicable for predicting concentration. This is especially the case in the Blue Nile basin of Ethiopia where concentrations decrease for a given discharge during the course of the rainy monsoon phase. The objective of this paper is to improve the sediment concentration predictions throughout the monsoon period for the Ethiopian highlands. In this paper, we limit ourselves to the four main rivers in the Lake Tana basin where estimating sediment concentrations are important for the fish production and tourism industry. To improve the rating curve for sediment concentration, we assume that the sediment transport was at the transport limit ea...
IAHS PUBLICATION, 2006
In recent years, soil erosion, sediment transport and deterioration of water quality in many river systems in Malaysia have become major concerns. Headwater streams emanating from forested and agricultural lands supply much of the potable water in this country. The quality, quantity and timing of water from these headwater catchments are strongly influenced by human activities such as deforestation associated with land conversion for agricultural purposes. This study investigates the impact of human activities and the role of tropical storms on the variation of sediment transported into the Timah Tasoh Reservoir, Perlis, Malaysia. The study period was two years, with water samples and gauging carried out biweekly and additional intensive sampling conducted during storm events. These samples were integrated with data from two continuous hourly transmitted water-level recording stations located at the major river input of the reservoir. Flow and suspended sediment rating curves were developed and used to estimate the discharge and suspended sediment load. Regression equations were used to estimate the discharge and suspended sediment loading at stations with limited and discontinuous data. The variation of suspended sediment load is significantly affected by the human activities and the rainfall and runoff in the catchment area.
Watershed Sediment and Its Effect on Storage Capacity: Case Study of Dokan Dam Reservoir
Water, 2018
Dokan is a multipurpose dam located on the Lesser Zab River in the Iraq/Kurdistan region. The dam has operated since 1959, and it drains an area of 11,690 km 2. All reservoirs in the world suffer from sediment deposition. It is one of the main problems for reservoir life sustainability. Sustainable reservoir sediment-management practices enable the reservoir to function for a longer period of time by reducing reservoir sedimentation. This study aims to assess the annual runoff and sediment loads of the Dokan Dam watershed using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model to evaluate the relative contributions in comparison with the total values delivered from both watershed and Lesser Zab River and to identify the basins with a high sediment load per unit area. These help in the process of developing a plan and strategy to manage sediment inflow and deposition. The SUFI-2 program was applied for a model calibrated based on the available field measurements of the adjacent Derbendekhan Dam watershed, which has similar geological formations, characteristics and weather. For the calibration period (1961-1968), the considered statistical criteria of determination coefficients and Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency were 0.75 and 0.64 for runoff while the coefficients were 0.65 and 0.63 for sediment load, respectively. The regionalization technique for parameter transformation from Derbendekhan to Dokan watershed was applied. Furthermore, the model was validated based on transformed parameters and the available observed flow at the Dokan watershed for the period (1961-1964); they gave reasonable results for the determination coefficients and Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency, which were 0.68 and 0.64, respectively. The results of SWAT project simulation for Dokan watershed for the period (1959-2014) indicated that the average annual runoff volume which entered the reservoir was about 2100 million cubic meters (MCM). The total sediment delivered to the reservoir was about 72 MCM over the 56 years of dam life, which is equivalent to 10% of the reservoir dead storage. Two regression formulas were presented to correlate the annual runoff volume and sediment load with annual rain depth for the studied area. In addition, a spatial distribution of average annual sediment load was constructed to identify the sub basin of the high contribution of sediment load.
Ziegler et al 2011 IAHS 349 Sediment load monitoring in Mae Sa Catchment
This paper describes the development of an automated system to monitor total suspended solids (TSS) in the main channel of the Mae Sa River in northern Thailand. Logged discharge (Q) and turbidity (NTU) values were compared with hand-sampled TSS concentrations that were determined during six runoff events (n = 85 samples) and 13 other baseflow periods. Measured TSS values ranged from 10 to 7600 mg L -1 , reflecting variable conditions between dry-season baseflow and wet-season stormflow. Because of hysteresis effects in the TSS versus discharge relationship, and high sediment concentrations that surpass the detection limits of the turbidity sensor during some storms, TSS was predicted best using multiple regression with both Q and NTU as independent variables. The estimated annual TSS load for 2006 is about 79 822 t, which is equivalent to a basin yield of 1076 t km -2 for the 74-km 2 catchment.
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 2017
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Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics
Soil erosion decreases soil fertility of the uplands and causes siltation of lakes and reservoirs; the lakes and reservoirs in tropical monsoonal African highlands are especially affected by sedimentation. Efforts in reducing loads by designing management practices are hampered by lack of quantitative data on the relationship of erosion in the watersheds and sediment accumulation on flood plains, lakes and reservoirs. The objective of this study is to develop a prototype quantitative method for estimating sediment budget for tropical monsoon lakes with limited observational data. Four watersheds in the Lake Tana basin were selected for this study. The Parameter Efficient Distributed (PED) model that has shown to perform well in the Ethiopian highlands is used to overcome the data limitations and recreate the missing sediment fluxes. PED model parameters are calibrated using daily discharge data and the occasionally collected sediment concentration when establishing the sediment rati...
Sediment Concentration and Load Analyses at Chini River, Pekan, Pahang Malaysia
Research Journal of …, 2009
A sediment analysis study was conducted at the Chini River on 16 and 31 August 2008. This study was conducted to review the formation of suspended sediment load in the Lake Chini catchment area, which flows into the Pahang River via the Chini River. Three sampling stations were chosen, the first one at upstream Chini River (S1), mid-stream Chini River (S2) and downstream Chini River (S3). Three parameters were quantified for this study, namely: distribution of sediment grain size (g), concentration of suspended sediment (mg/L) and river discharge values (in m /s). The findings of the study show that the sizes of sediment fall between phi 3 Ø-1.00 and phi Ø-2.00 with very rough particle sizes falling between phi -1.00 and phi 0.00. At the study area, the daily discharge value is estimated at 722,304,000 L/day. The average suspended sediment concentration recorded for each station shows varying values for both timelines. The values were 27.33 mg/L on 16/08/08 and 2.233 mg/L on 31/08/08. The average value for all stations calculated based on the formation of suspended sediment load per day falls between 16,480.4627 kg/day on 16/08/08 and 1,540.43 kg/day on 31/08/08. Overall, when this number was extrapolated to every square kilometre, the result showed that the estimated average sediment that flows out of Lake Chini is 73.22 tonnes/km /year. 2