Harvest residues ash as a pozzolanic additive for engineering applications: A review and the catalogue (original) (raw)
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Materials
A sustainable use of locally available wastes from agriculture as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is an alternative solution for the prevention of excessive raw material usage, reduction of CO2 emission and cost-effective concrete production. This paper studies the reactivity of non-traditional waste SCMs: Wheat straw ash (WSA), mixture of wheat and soybean straw ash (WSSA) and soybean straw ash (SSA), which are abundant as agricultural by-products in Serbia. The chemical evaluation using XRF technique, thermal analysis (TGA/DSC), XRD and FTIR methods were performed along with physical properties tests to investigate the feasibility of utilizing biomass ashes as cement substitutes. The obtained results demonstrate a high pozzolanic activity of WSA, which is attributed to a high reactive silica content of the ash and its satisfactory level of fineness. A wider hump in XRD pattern of WSA compared to WSSA and SSA confirmed that it abounds in amorphous (reactive) phase. The ...
An investigation of the effectiveness of the utilization of biomass ashes as pozzolanic materials
Construction and Building Materials
h i g h l i g h t s Evaluation of biomass ashes as SCMs, for concrete strength and chloride penetration. High SiO 2 content of biomass ash does not imply a pozzolanic material with a high efficiency factor. Concentration of other compounds, even for high SiO 2 content is responsible for low k-values. Biomass ash from agro-industrial by-products can be used as pozzolanic material in concrete.
Use of Processed Biomass Ash as a Sustainable Pozzolana
Current Science, 2019
The industrial waste generated from sugar production, i.e. bagasse is further used as a biofuel. This generates a huge amount (44,000 tonnes/day) of waste in the form of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA). Asreceived boiler SCBA shows lower performance in terms of pozzolanic characteristics. In this study, the role of mechanical and thermal treatment in improving the pozzolanicity of SCBA has been examined. The preliminary characterization of SCBA was done using laser granulometry, SEM, XRF, XRD and TG analysis. The four methods were adopted to quantify the pozzolanic behaviour, viz. reactive silica determination, pozzolanic activity index, electrical conductivity drop and Chapelle activity. Further, the experimental data were analysed using ANOVA. The coefficient of regression (0.86-0.99) reflects effective and significant logarithmic models. The study concludes that the adopted processing of SCBA is highly effective in improving the pozzolanicity. Thus the processed SCBA is a sustainable solution to the cement industry.
Use of biomass ash from different sources and processes in cement
Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials, 2020
Substitution of cement clinker with suitable excess materials from other processes is an effective way to reduce CO 2 emissions of cement production. Moreover, specific properties of the resulting mortar or concrete can be designed with different clinker replacement materials and their mixing ratios. In this study, bottom and fly ashes from six biomass power plants with different power scales and various flue-gas treatment strategies were admixed to mortars, whose properties (influence of water requirement and final compressive strength) were then assessed in the laboratory by following industrial standard procedures. Results reveal that fly ash from a cyclone of a medium-scale combustor burning Miscanthus straw amended with 2 wt % Ca(OH) 2 (to *
The utilization of biomass bottom ashes in cement system
Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2016
By producing 1 ton of Portland cement clinker in environment releasing about 0.85 tons of CO 2 : 70% of limestone decarbonation and 30% of electricity and thermal consumption. High specific CO 2 emissions results take the responsibility of Portland cement industry for about 5% of global CO 2 emissions. One of the ways to reduce CO 2 emissions is the use of Portland cement substituting materials. Properly treated ashes could become not a waste of biofuel but a valuable raw material for new construction materials. This paper presents results about the characterization of the biomass bottom ash sourced from the combustion of plant biomass located in Lithuania, and the study of new cement formulations incorporated with the biomass bottom ash. The study includes a comparative analysis of the phase formation and the setting of cement with bottom ash composite. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), measurement of hydration temperature were used to determine the structure and composition of the formulations.
Properties and Possible Application of Harvest Residues Ash in Cement Based Composites
2021
Slobodan Šupić1 Mirjana Malešev2 Vlastimir Radonjanin3 Vesna Bulatović4 UDK: 666.95 DOI: 10.14415/konferencijaGFS2021.35 Summary: Utilization of less-expensive and locally available by-products as a mineral admixture in cement-based composites brings multiple benefits to the costs, the technical properties of concrete as well as to the environment. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of application of locally available waste materials: harvest residues biomass ashes as SCMs. The study included analysis of the availability of these ashes in AP Vojvodina, testing of their chemical composition and pozzolanic activity. Based on the obtained results, recommendations for potential application of biomass ashes in cement-based composites, as SCMs, are provided.
Study on Pozzolana Activity of Wheat Straw Ash as Potential Admixture for Blended Cements
Ceramics - Silikaty, 2017
Wheat straw ash coming from combustion of packed wheat straw was studied as a potential pozzolana active admixture for blended cements. X-Ray fluorescence, X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to examine chemical and mineralogical composition, morphology and elemental distribution of a raw untreated ash. Due to high carbon content, the wheat straw ash was thermally treated for 2 hours at 700°C and analyzed again using the same analytic techniques. Thermal treatment process was monitored using simultaneous thermal analysis and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy. The pozzolana activity was assessed using Chapelle and Frattini tests. In the next step, wheat straw ash was used for preparation of blended cement pastes. The content of ash in the blends was 10, 15, and 20 % by mass. For the hardened pastes, basic physical properties, mechanical parameters, and pore size distribution were measured. For fresh past mixes, workability was tested. Moreover, leachability of chlorides, nitrates, sulfates and alkalis from paste samples was studied. The experimentally obtained data pointed to the high pozzolana activity of wheat straw ash and sufficient mechanical properties of cement pastes with the ash content up to 20 mass % of cement. In summary, the analyzed waste product from biomass combustion was found to be applicable as a part of cement-based blended binder providing economic and environmental benefits for concrete industry.
Ash blended cement composites: Eco-friendly and sustainable option for utilization of corncob ash
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018
In developing countries, one of the usual practices is the uncontrolled, open burning of corn stalk (CS) or its utilization as a fuel. It is known that the ash obtained under uncontrolled burning conditions constitutes blackish and unburnt carbon particles as well as whitish and grayish particles (representing crystallization of silica) due to over burning. However, controlling the burning process can improve the quality of ash produced to effectively use it in cement-based materials. Hence, this research was aimed at exploring the pozzolanic properties of corn stalk ash upon calcination and grinding, for it to be used in the manufacturing of sustainable cement-based materials. In order to obtain a suitable corn stalk ash (CSA), which can be used in cement/concrete, a research investigation consisted of two phases. In the first phase, calcination was carried out at 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C for 2 hours. e tests applied on the resulting ashes were weight loss, XRD, pozzolanic activity index (PAI), Chapelle, Fratini, and consistency. From XRD spectra, it was found that, at lower temperatures, silica remained amorphous, while it crystallized at higher temperature. Ash combusted at a temperature of 500°C possessed largest pozzolanic activity of 96.8%, had a Fratini CaO reduction of 93.2%, and Chapelle activity of 856.3 mg/g. us, 500°C was chosen as an optimum calcination temperature. In the second phase, the ash produced at 500°C was grinded for durations of 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes to ascertain the optimum grinding times. Resulting ashes were examined for hydrometer analysis, Blaine fineness, Chapelle activity, and pozzolanic activity. Experiment outcomes revealed a direct relationship between values of Blaine fineness, surface area, Chapelle activity, PAI, and grinding duration. It was concluded that CSA can be used as a pozzolan, and thus, its utilization in cement/ concrete would solve ash disposal problems and aid in production of eco-friendly cement/concrete.
Materials, 2022
This research was performed to investigate the optimum conditions for developing pozzolanic ashes from organic wastes to be used as cement replacement materials. The organic wastes explored in the research are rice husk ash (RHA), wheat straw ash (WSA), and cow dung (CDA). When the organic waste is turned into ash, it develops a pozzolanic character due to the presence of silica. However, the presence of reactive silica and its pozzolanic reactivity depends on the calcination temperature, duration, and grinding. In this research, the organic wastes were calcined at three different calcination temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, and 800 °C) for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h duration. The obtained ashes were ground for 30 min and replaced by 20% with cement. The samples containing ashes were tested for compressive strength, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), weight loss, and strength activity index (SAI). It was observed that the RHA calcinated at 600 °C for 2 h showed better strength. However, in the case of ...
Eco-Efficient Cement-Based Materials Using Biomass Bottom Ash: A Review
Applied Sciences, 2020
In recent years the use of biomass for electricity generation in thermal and cogeneration plants has increased worldwide because it is an environmentally clean fuel whose impact measured in greenhouse gas emissions is practically zero. However, biomass bottom ash, a waste produced during combustion, has also increased considerably, which has both a negative economic and environmental impact, due to landfill transport and management of this by-product. Although biomass bottom ash has potential characteristics for application in the manufacture of construction materials, its full-scale application is difficult because of the wide range in physicochemical properties, depending on the type of biomass burned, such as wood residue, olive waste, waste paper sludge, cocoa shell, etc., and the type of combustion process in the plant. This study reviews the influence on the physicochemical properties, mechanical behavior, and durability of different cement-based materials, such as mortars, co...