The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Three Levels of Arctic Geopolitics (original) (raw)

The Arctic at the Crossroads of Geopolitical Interests

the authors analyze the arctic strategies of the united states, the north atlantic treaty organization (nato), the European union (Eu), and russia. they also discuss russian-norwegian relations and the militarization of the arctic.

Navigating Arctic Realities: Geopolitics, Security, and Climate Change

Il Politico, 2024

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the main issues related to geopolitical changes in the Arctic region, along with an overview of the scientific literature regarding these issues. After a historical analysis, the research focuses on the evolution of Arctic security, examining alleged militarization and the impact of climate change. Next, the major powers involved and their interests and strategies in the region are explored. Finally, we focus on economic enterprises and multilateralism in the area, both of which are affected by recent events and climate change.

The Nuances of Geopolitics in the Arctic

2020

Fortunately, with more attention comes more knowledge as well. Several scholars have now debunked the notion of resource wars in the North, due to the sheer size of the areas in question and the fact that the Arctic states already have ownership over most of these areas, through the Law of the Sea regime. Moreover, the foreign ministries of the Arctic states have highlighted the cooperative traits of the region: “in the Arctic, we work together” to solve problems.

The Fast-Changing Arctic: Rethinking Arctic Security for a Warmer World (Jun. 2013)

In this timely new book, international scholars and military professionals come together to explore the strategic consequences of the thawing of the Arctic. Their analyses of efforts by governments and defense, security, and coast guard organizations to address these challenges make timely and urgent reading. Rather than a single national perspective, The Fast-Changing Arctic brings together circumpolar viewpoints from North America, Europe and Asia for an integrated discussion of strategic military, diplomatic, and security challenges in the high North. Thoughtful analyses are included of different regions, climate issues, institutions, and foreign and security policies. This is an important book for students of international studies, political science, and northern studies.

The Arctic: Numerous Interests and Multiple Players

Torun International Studies

The article attempts to present what seems to be of critical importance to the planet in terms of the influence on the life of all of us, namely the current changes occurring in the Arctic, as well as tries to show how complex the issue is. The work also tries to prove that the leading entity governing the Arctic, i.e. the Arctic Council is slowly turning into another unmanageable institution, not unlike the United Nations. In addition, the work endeavors to describe briefly the extremely aggressive policy of China towards the Arctic, a fairly new country with the permanent observer status in the Arctic Council wishing rather desperately to obtain a "chunk of the pie" in the division of Arctic riches, seemingly targeting especially Greenland as of late. The author attempts to present the complexity of international relations and diversified interests of separate countries and organizations, as well as evaluates some potential developments in the Arctic geopolitical sphere.

International Rivalry for Arctic Chances and Its Impact on Regional and Global Security

American International Journal of Contemporary Research , 2016

The melting ices of the High North reveal its abundance of resources. Such a situation creates new multidimensional challenges and changes. They are accompanied with threats, anyway. The international rivalry between the states has been initiated. This article tackles the selected aspects of rivalry and its tools. Recently the three major players have appeared to play a primary role in the game for the access to the High North potential. Such circumstances accompanied with the legal gaps in normalization of the arctic problems cause tensions and inspire fears that the Arctic chances can be the reason for new threats. Some nations more and more visibly tending to militarization of the Arctic region provoke anxiety.

Changing Geopolitics Reinforcing Competitive Proclivities in the Arctic

Journal of Politics and International Studies, 2022

The US 2021 Arctic Strategy views the Arctic as a shared zone and potential corridor for strategic war. Arctic nations became more circumspect in 2014 after Russia intervened in Ukraine, and now that the war between Ukraine and Russia has advanced, the littoral governments are gravely concerned for their security and national interests. Russia's fear and quest for regional control are primarily caused by NATO's increasing involvement, which Moscow views as a threat to its national security. The possibility of expanded militarization and information-gathering activities are some of the new security realities in the Arctic. The politicization of the Arctic region can be understood by categorizing it into three major variables: security, economy, and climate change. Climate change has opened up new avenues for security and economic development. It has increased competitiveness in shipping and security. Each of these elements has been explored in this work. The paper is divided into two sections; the first explores how state actors might easily exploit trading opportunities and considerable economic prospects as a result of climate change. The second part of the article addresses how different actors' Arctic strategies create dilemmas and raise current security issues in the Arctic region.

ARCTIC - A REGION OF DISSONANT INTERNATIONAL INTERESTS.

The enduring global warming has opened new views of exploitation of the Arctic. The possibility to open new ship routes, huge resource reserves, and fishery are of interest of many entities, however experts’ opinions still differs. Although the cooperation between the nations has been peaceful, the military presence in the area is increasing and it remains to be seen how the recent Ukrainian crisis will affect the development in the area. As for now, no major conflicts in this area are likely and cooperation is supported by international treaties (e.g. UNCLOS) and organizations (e.g. the Arctic Council). There are several international disputes and also perils related to the Russian Federation, being major player there. Russia builds multidimensional capabilities, including military and economy ones, to support national interests. The Western sanctions are negatively influencing exploration of natural resources making Moscow nervous and it country must be treated very seriously to avoid creating new “Cold war” type icy relations and confrontation.

The Arctic at the Crossroads of

The authors analyze the Arctic strategies of the United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ), the European Union (EU), and Russia. They also discuss Russian–Norwegian relations and the militarization of the Arctic.