Prescribing Patterns of Antimicrobial Agents in Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Bhairahawa, Nepal (original) (raw)

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research

Antibiotics tend to be usually used in critically ill patients and comprise a large proportion of the total medications taken in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This prospective observational work was carried out to determine the prescription trend of antimicrobial agents in the ICU of a Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), a tertiary care teaching hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal and to propose possible changes in the prescription of drugs to achieve appropriate clinical activities. A prospective, observational research was performed in UCMS' Intensive Care Unit over two months from September to November 2016. The study contained 100 consecutive inpatient reports of ICU-admitted patients and analyzed data using statistical tools SPSS (Ver 16.0, IBM SPSS, Inc., NY, USA). Result showed 56 (56%) of 100 patients were female and 44 (44%) were male where the mean age was found to be 50.8 ±19.91 years. The average stay-length was 3.02±1.41 days. Sepsis, Clinical Malaria, Pneumonia, COPD, MODS, AKI were the six most common causes of admission at ICU. The overall number of patients moved was 35%, the mortality rate was 33% and rests were on LAMA. A total of 270 Anti-microbial Agents (AMA's) were administered in 100 patients. The total antibiotic count prescribed for each patient was 2.7. At 28.88 per cent, metronidazole was the most frequently used AMA. Antibiotics are typically administered at the admission of most ICU patients and add greatly to the overall cost of the treatment. Antibiotic resistance is increasing at an alarming rate leading to increased morbidity, mortality and treatment cost thus antibiotic restriction policies and a multidisciplinary initiative are urgently required to minimize usage.