Entrepreneurial universities in a world educational system (original) (raw)
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An overview of present research related to the entrepreneurial university
The purpose of this paper is to present main ideas, concepts, theories and practices related to entrepreneurial university. Since the concept of the entrepreneurial university is rather fuzzy we performed a literature research in order to clarify its semantic and operational dimensions. The concept is cultural dependent, and understanding it means to consider its social and economic external environment. Also, it is important to consider a multidimensional analysis, and not to reduce the main idea of entrepreneurship to its financial metric.
A Concept of Entrepreneurial University: Critical Analysis of Literature
International Journal of Business Management and Processes (ISSN 2616-3209), 2021
The search for new sources of finance to replace declining government funding for higher education is a strong imperative for universities in a number of economies to adopt "new managerialism" and "entrepreneurialism". In the 21st century, the "entrepreneurial university" tends to displace the 20th century's socially-oriented "mass university", yet must still co-exist with the traditional "ivory tower" university. "The role of the entrepreneurial university is increasingly being seen as important for finding new ways to compete and succeed in uncertain and unpredictable environments and for finding new solutions to the multiple challenges that need to be addressed for the public good whether local or global". The main objective of this article was to contribute to the understanding of the entrepreneurial university and to determine the factors for successful entrepreneurship universities. The author used entrepreneurship theories to define and conceptualize entrepreneurial university. Design/methodology/approach: The author used a qualitative approach by reviewing literature on the concept of entrepreneurship universities. Findings: This study presents a conceptualization for entrepreneurial universities and proposes six factors for the successful entrepreneurial universities. Conclusions and recommendations: for universities to transform to entrepreneurial universities it requires considerable effort, top managers of the universities should change the style of management, reduce bureaucracy to enhance decision making, monitor the external environment and reduce time wastage. The result of the study is useful to university managers, investors, academicians and policy makers.
Entrepreneurial universities: literature review
Economics of Development
The article is devoted to the generalization and development of the terminology that is used to describe the essence and content of the concept “entrepreneurial university”. The results of the literature review allow us to present the concept “entrepreneurial university” in the form of a system of interrelated economic terms. Based on the analysis of search queries, using the databases of Scopus and Google Scholar, the publications that reveal the content of the concept “entrepreneurial university” were selected; the features and key characteristics of the definition of this concept by various authors were defined; the authors’ interpretation has been provided. The analysis of research in the field of university entrepreneurship, which currently covers 314 articles published in various scientific journals, allows us to inductively describe the dynamic process of university entrepreneurship based on the literature synthesis. The presented definition of “entrepreneurial university” co...
Entrepreneurial University – from Ideas to Reality
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne, 2015
The aim of this study is to formulate and highlight the thesis on reasonability and capability of applying such attitudes and pursuing such activities in the practical operation of institutions of higher education that reflect the idea of the entrepreneurial university which has become prominent nowadays. The idea is described in brief and its present status is indicated here. The authors are seeking conditions for the practical implementation of this idea. They formulate four attributes of the entrepreneurial university, naming them economic, market, innovative and managerial orientations. They point to specific criteria of identifying each of the orientations. They present the general assessment of entrepreneurship of Polish institutions of higher education. Their conclusions highlight the most topical conditions for implementing the idea of entrepreneurial university, such as: building the economic strength and market position of the university, developing relations with the socioeconomic environment, internationalisation and innovativeness. The authors give support to the idea of the entrepreneurial university but-by examining the Polish reality-they notice the need for actions in the sphere of law, which regulates the university's capabilities to act, and point to the need for entrepreneurship-oriented transformations of lawyers and university management staff's awareness.
The development of an entrepreneurial university
The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2012
An entrepreneurial society refers to places where knowledge-based entrepreneurship has emerged as a driving force for economic growth, employment creation and competitiveness. In this context, entrepreneurial universities play an important role as both knowledge-producer and a disseminating institution. In the literature, several studies contributed with relevant findings. Most of these studies reveal a tendency to use case studies to explain this phenomenon justified by the embryonic nature of the topic field, and with the lack of a robust theoretical framework to understand it. No empirical study, however, has highlighted the interrelations among environmental and internal factors that conditioned the development of entrepreneurial universities with the teaching, research and entrepreneurial missions that they need to achieve. This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of these interrelations identifying the most critical factors that conditioned these missions and to this end brings a proposal model to measure this phenomenon empirically in the light of the Institutional Economics and the Resource-Based View. The methodology adopted is integrated by the Spanish Entrepreneurial University Scoreboard to identify this phenomenon and Structural Equation Modeling to analyze the relationships among independent and dependent variables that integrate the proposal model of entrepreneurial university. This research could cover invaluable strategies to bring further benefits to society (in terms of the creation of new business and employment) and, in particular, to educational institutions.
Higher Education, 2014
Over the last few decades, globalization and ever-increasing demands of the knowledge-based economy have caused higher education in most countries around the world to undergo significant transformation. Notwithstanding the dramatic changes in higher education, it is clearly noticed that the influence of the European higher education models is still present despite the fact that the American model has then become dominant on higher education in Europe or even worldwide. The changes have been seen in the evolutionary roles of universities, which share the common trend from traditional missions of teaching and research to the third mission for economic development. Despite various viewpoints about the third mission, the common one concerns the entrepreneurial role of university for socioeconomic development, underlying the concept of entrepreneurial university in which the collaboration between university and external stakeholders is emphasized. This paper is aimed to present a review of the taxonomy of the three European higher education models, namely the Humboldtian, Napoleonic, and Anglo-Saxon model, which is followed by a discussion on the emergence of the Anglo-American model of higher education. The paper then presents the third mission in relation to the roles of a university in developed countries, which is followed by the elaboration on the transformation from mode 1 to mode 2 in knowledge production, and a pathway toward entrepreneurial universities.
The Entrepreneurial University: How to Develop the Entrepreneurial Orientation of Academia
Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2020
In the last years, universities have assumed a prominent role in the science and technology-based economic development. The concept of entrepreneurial university, a key concept in the triple helix model developed by Etzkowitz, identifies the evolution of the university role with the addition to the traditional missions of university (education and research) of a third mission that is to contribute to the economic development through the transfer of research results from the laboratory to the economic system. The objective of the research is to analyze how universities are implementing this new mission and investigate factors affecting their entrepreneurial orientation. More specifically, our paper aims to investigate the existence of a relationship among the entrepreneurial orientation of university and some factors representing the internal and external context in which the university is involved.
Entrepreneurial University: Conceptions and Evolution of Theoretical Models
Revista Pensamento Contemporâneo em Administração, 2020
In this research, a discussion is promoted regarding concepts, theories and main works that deal with the phenomenon of the Entrepreneurial University, with the aim of arousing instigations and reflections for the development of future research on this theme. The main contributions are the formulation of a frame of concepts, and the presentation of three predominant theoretical models, considering that the first uses the Institutional Theory, the second, the Systems Theory, and the third, a junction of these. To these contributions it is associated the presentation of theoretical approaches, used for the analysis of different objects at the Entrepreneurial University.
Entrepreneurship in higher education: the formation of entrepreneurial universities
2020
The paper analyzes the emergence of entrepreneurial universities as a new phenomenon in higher education of Ukraine. The number of scientific publications formed essential characteristics of the concept with the emphasis on entrepreneurial thinking in the HEIs. The scientists suggest variety of approaches from internal hybrid form to a "third-generation" university. Ukrainian researchers concentrate on the question of how to integrate entrepreneurship in the HEIs. They focus mainly on commercialization of knowledge and scientific results within existing organizational forms without improving social, economic or legal environment. The article aims to consider the evolution of entrepreneurial universities model in Ukraine. The authors applied methods of legal comparative analysis to determine the level of autonomy. Then the authors used financial analysis methods to measure the potential for entrepreneurship. In particular, the paper examines the dynamics of both absolute and relative financial indicators. The analysis of legal environment revealed that the autonomy of public HEIs remains relatively limited despite first promising steps. The paper identified private HEIs as main players in the development of entrepreneurial model in Ukraine. Thus, the findings are based on the financial performance analysis of 77 private universities collected from statistical reports of Ukraine. The research demonstrates sufficient potential of private HEIs to ensure financial autonomy providing the opportunity to form entrepreneurial universities as a new organizational structure of an education institution. Moreover, the introduction of an entrepreneurial behavior model could lead to the growth of their financial results and, consequently, to the sustainable development on a long-term basis.
Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 2018
Due to the current scenario of economic and technological development based on knowledge and innovation, young entrepreneurs and startups have become a key characteristic on the markets. Universities, in turn, assume the role of entrepreneurs when they create new ventures from teaching and research efforts and start to become relevant for regional economic e technological development. This paper presents the different aspects of the 'Entrepreneurial University', highlighting among the literature different approaches about its concepts and criteria for characterization. The study was conducted from a systematic literature review on scientific bases. A total of 361 papers were found, and after applying filters, 80 of these were analyzed. As a result, are presented quantitative analysis about the bibliographic production, and the main concepts present in the literature. Thus, this article contributes to a better understanding of what entrepreneurial universities are, and how it is possible to characterize them.